ROYAL ADELAIDE HOSPITAL SITE HERITAGE ASSESSMENT January 2014 McDougall & Vines Conservation and Heritage Consultants 27 Sydenham Road, Norwood, South Australia, 5067 Ph (08) 8362 6399 Fax (08) 8363 0121 E-mail: [email protected] Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 ROYAL ADELAIDE HOSPITAL SITE HERITAGE ASSESSMENT CONTENTS Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Study Area 1.3 Objectives of Study 2.0 OVERVIEW HISTORY OF ROYAL ADELAIDE HOSPITAL 3 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Government Involvement in Provision of Public Health 2.3 The Site and Buildings of the Royal Adelaide Hospital 2.3.1 Earlier Sites 2.3.2 The Current Royal Adelaide Hospital Site 2.3.3 The 1960s Building Program 2.3.4 Later Works 2.4 Links with Botanic Gardens and University of Adelaide 2.5 Analysis of Historic Themes 2.5.1 Requirements of Brief 2.5.2 Existing Frameworks of Historic Themes 2.5.3 Consideration of National Themes 2.5.4 Relevant Themes for Royal Adelaide Hospital Site 3.0 PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF SITE AND BUILDINGS 39 3.1 Site and Context 3.2 Architectural Qualities of Site 3.2.1 Stages of Development and Buildings 3.2.2 The Owen Smyth/Lawson Architectural Legacy 3.3 Previous Assessments and Currently Listed Buildings 3.3.1 Previous Assessments 3.3.2 Currently Listed Buildings 3.3.3 Additional Buildings to be Assessed 3.4 Analysis of Physical Development of Site 4.0 HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORTS: STATE HERITAGE PLACES 59 4.1 Individual Building Assessments • Sheridan Building (former Kiosk) (1925) • Bice Building (1927) • Women’s Health Centre (1935) • Allied Health Services Building (1935) • IMVS Building (1938) • McEwin Building (1945-46) • Adelaide University Medical School (1947) 127 • Eleanor Harrald Building (1954) • East Wing (1962) • Adelaide Dental Hospital (1968) • Residential Wing (including Chapel) (1969) • The Sanctuary (2005) 4.2 Summary of Assessments 4.3 Relative Significance of Buildings 186 Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 ROYAL ADELAIDE HOSPITAL SITE HERITAGE ASSESSMENT CONTENTS (cont) Page No. 5.0 ASSESSMENT OF CITY OF ADELAIDE SIGNIFICANCE 187 5.1 Significance of Buildings 5.2 Significance of Visual Qualities 6.0 POTENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREAS 189 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Statutory Requirements 6.3 Methodology 6.3.1 Gathering Information 6.3.2 Site Mapping 6.4 Assessment of Archaeological Potential 6.5 Area of Exceptional Archaeological Significance 6.6 Recommendations APPENDICES 225 1.0 SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 2.0 LIST OF EARLY PHOTOGRAPHS 3.0 BRIEF FOR SURVEY STUDY TEAM McDougall and Vines Katrina McDougall Patricia Sumerling Lesley Abell Australian Heritage Services Cameron Hartnell ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Margot Way and Dr Peter Hetzel, Heritage Office, RAH Michael Frajer, Engineering and Building Services, RAH Dr Julie Collins, South Australian Architecture Museum, UniSA Stephen Forbes, Director, Adelaide Botanic Gardens Andrew Cook, Archives Officer, University of Adelaide Harald Baulis, Property Services, University of Adelaide Staff and Archivists, State Records, Gepps Cross Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY History of Hospital and Site - The hospital has existed on this site since 1855 and over time changes have occurred with the upgrading of accommodation and new buildings. These have occurred in particular periods including the 1850s and 1860s, 1890s, 1920s and the 1960s. Medical development and population growth together were the impetus for these changes over time. The earliest remaining building on the site is the Margaret Graham Nurses' Home which was opened in 1910 and then the early 1920s Master Plan resulted in the four new buildings along North Terrace. In 1951 a larger nurses' home, the Eleanor Harrald Nurses' Home was constructed. In the 1960s the East Wing was constructed to allow for demolition of all old buildings in the centre of the site which were replaced by buildings which are now currently in existence. Along Frome Road the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science (IMVS), the Dental Hospital and the Adelaide University Medical School were constructed at different times to meet the expanding health care requirements of South Australian population. Recommendations for Individual Buildings Former Margaret Graham Nurses’ Home (1911) (SHR) – retain as State Heritage Listed Former Admission Casualty Building (Women’s Health Centre) (1935) (ACC) – elevate listing to State Heritage Listing Sheridan Building (former Kiosk) (1925) - State Bice Building (1927) - State Allied Health Services Building (1935) - State IMVS Building (1938 + 1973) - No listing McEwin Building (1945-6) - State Adelaide University Medical School (1947) - State Eleanor Harrald Building (1954) - no listing???? East Wing (1962) - No listing Dental Hospital (1968 1921) - No listing Residential Wing (including Chapel) (1969) - No listing The Sanctuary (2005) - No listing Early Boundary Fencing - The 1850s sections of iron railing fence to North Terrace and the 1920s and 1930s brick fencing to Frome Road should be retained, with heritage protection if necessary. Conservation Management Plans - All buildings on site which are provided with heritage protection should be the subject of detailed Conservation Management Plans which will provide clear parameters for conservation, adaptation and redevelopment. The Conservation Plans will benefit from the large amount of documentary and graphic material already located for each building. Additional Research - In conjunction with Conservation Management Plans to be prepared, additional research on the life of George Gavin Lawson and his works and sources of influence would be a valuable project. Site Recommendations - Regardless of the protection provided by heritage listing, all useful structures and the context of the site should be retained in any new development wherever possible. New Development Parameters - Although new development concepts have already been prepared, it would be useful to refer to the heritage value and the information provided to inform any approach to the redevelopment of these places and site, particularly the Lawson ‘suite of buildings’ along North Terrace. Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 Page 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The construction of a new hospital for Adelaide and South Australia has begun, and the proposed redevelopment of the current Royal Adelaide Hospital site is under consideration. The South Australian Heritage Council received a nomination in March 2012 for the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) site to be designated a State Heritage Place. While the nomination is for the whole RAH site, it particularly identifies the following buildings on the site for consideration: • Adelaide University Medical School, Frome Road • Dental Hospital, Frome Road • Institute of Medical & Veterinary Science (IMVS) Building, Frome Road • Eleanor Harrald Building, Frome Road • Allied Health Services Building, North Terrace • Sheridan Building (former Kiosk), North Terrace • McEwin Building, North Terrace • Bice Building, North Terrace • East Wing, North Terrace • Residential Wing (including Chapel) • The Sanctuary (between the Theatre Block and Central Tower) The Margaret Graham Nurses' Home, located on Frome Road, is already entered in the South Australian Heritage Register (SHR 13093) and the Women’s Health Centre (former Outpatients and then Nursing School), on the corner of Frome Road and North Terrace, is designated as a Local Heritage Place in the Adelaide City Council’s Development Plan. 1.2 Objectives of Study Assessment of the heritage significance of the buildings/structures on the RAH site against the criteria under the Heritage Places Act 1993 is required. This assessment process is to ensure that only those components of the RAH site that are of State Heritage Significance are considered for entry in the South Australian Heritage Register as State Heritage Places. The primary objective of the Royal Adelaide Hospital Heritage Assessment is to provide an authoritative description and evaluation of the heritage and potential archeological values of the site. The brief encompasses an assessment of built structures and an investigation of potential areas of archaeological significance informed by physical inspection of the site and historical research. This heritage assessment of buildings on the RAH site does not include consideration of the Indigenous heritage values of the site as they do not fall under provisions of the Heritage Places Act 1993. Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 Page 2 1.3 Study Area The study area encompasses the Royal Adelaide Hospital, IMVS, Dental Hospital and University of Adelaide Medical School South, as indicated on the following plan. N Extent of Study Area Royal Adelaide Hospital Site • Heritage Assessment McDougall & Vines, Conservation and Heritage Consultants, 27 Sydenham Road Norwood SA 5067 Page 3 2.0 OVERVIEW HISTORY