PADAPPATTUKAL NASHEEDA A T RESEARCH SCHOLAR, P G & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, CHRIST COLLEGE, IRINJAKUDA,THRISSUR, KERALA Abstract Islam is one of the most important religion of the world it is a religion of high oerder .Gradually it has taken root in the soil of India.lt is indubitably admitted that Islam landed on the west coast of South India the Kingdom of the Cheras,direct from the land of its birth in the early years of Hijara era-Like the other religions in Kerala. The precise date of the advent of Islam in the Kerala is shrouded in absurdity.lhemeterialswe have to deal With are occasional and they are frequently intriguing reference to the local mythological writings such as Keralopathi,KeralaPazhama etc. The writings of foreign travellers and traders also throw some incidental light on the advent of the new faith in Kerala . Along with the spread of Islam ,study of Arabic language was popularised by the arab settlers and scholars.A new dialect known as ArabiMalayalam was envolved.Mejority of the books in this dialect are poems Masppilappattu The themes of most of the Mappilappattu are religious topics ,anecdotes of prophets life and wars like Badar,Uhadetc .There are various types of MappiappattusieMaalappattukal, Padappattukal, Kissapattukal, Kalyanapattukal, Religious and Philosophical songs.From the Padappattukal one could easily have an idea about the wars happened inside and out sideKerala.padappattukal are Historical poems describing about wars. INTRODOCTION Arabic on Malayalam.Majority of the books in this dialect are poems -mappilappattu.lhe themes of Islam landed on the west coast of South India most of the Mappilappattu are religious topics ,the Kingdom of the Cheras,direct from the land of ,anecdotes of the prophets life and wars like Badar, its birth in the early years of Hijra-era The (Jhad etc. They were not printed but transffered strurrock says that the Muslim Arabs first settled in from generation to generation by vocal the Malabar coast about the end of the seventh communication only-Later some printing presses century. Trade relations between Malabar and started in Malabar . The Books were got printed and Arabia had been started even before the birth of it was the beginning of the spread of Mappila songs. Muhammed the prophet .Even the word Malabar was a contribution of the Arabs. NEED FOR THE PRESENT STODY The Ancient rulers of Kerala were the perumals.lt is believed that the last perumal had A Mappila culture was developed by the adopted Islam and had a pilgrimage to Mecca. The mixing of the cultures of the Arabs and holy land of the Islam.After this incident Malik Malabaries.lhough basically the Arabs were traders IbinDeenar and family reaches Kerala for spreading and preachers of religion some were imaginative Islam. They settled in the then port towns of Kerala they began to write prose and Poems .These poems . The rulers of Kerala were broad minded they were later knownasMappilappattus.lt is believed helped IbnuDeenar for spread in Islam.more and that about 4000-5000 Mappilappattus were more Arabs reached Kerala among them they were published till now padappattukal are poems traders.They settled in Kerala .1hey had marital describing wars.lhey are describe about the riots relationship with native Kerala poeple.Their inside and outside Kerala . The early centuries successors were Islam. They were commonly were primarily based on devotional works , while known as Mappilas.They had their own free cultural the colonical era was marked by the battle song heritage.They modified the life style of the people genre called Padappattu.Various other categories of Kerala.The Kerala rulers were tolerent towards also grew during the centuries with subjects them and allowed them to build Mosques to ranging from romantic ballads ,and marriage songs worship. This led to a cultuaral development in to philosophical ideas sea journeys and even flood Kerala especially inMalabar.Along with the spread ordeals. The earliest known dated works in of Islam,a new dialect Arabi-Malayalam was Mappilappattu belong to the 17 th century ande evolved and came into prominence due to impact of primarily belonged to the malagenre.One of the important them was padappattu or War -songs Page | 66 Research Guru: Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Subjects (Peer Reviewed) Research Guru: Volume-14, Issue-4, March-2021 (ISSN: 2349-266X) Historians have been agreed the presence of describe about the riOts inside and out side Kerala. literacy contribution as a source of inspiration in MalappuramPadappattu was written by the anticolonical struggle as well as in the MoinkuttyVaidyar in 1879.1t describes the fight socialization process of Mappila Community. between a landlord and peasants at Poolakkamannu These Padappattu has got much importance as it is near malappuram in 1820. a part of popular tradition .1t explaining local The theme of PazhayacheroorPadappattu is cultural values and regional histories of the the fight between the british army and the specific region.moreover these war songs give us a followers of MampuramThangal .1t was written in clear picture about the strong background to stand 1842 by Muhammedkuttyand Muhiyudeen of against colonical power duringthat period. cheroor of ThiroorTaluk of Malappuram District. CheroorChinthuis written by Kaiyathu of Parappanangady .Ihe theme is the Cheroor riot. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY In 1891 there were a fight between the British army and the Mappilas ,armannarkkad .1n 1. To trace out the role of mappilappattu is 1896 there was another fight between British and bringing out social reforms in the Mappilas at Manjery.Based all these we have the Mappilasoceity. Mannarkkad and Manjerypadappattu. 2. To sketch the historical and nationalistic The most important fight of the significance of mappilappattu prophet is the Badar war. There were many 3. To convey the importance of art Padappattu based on Badarwar.BadarPadappattu mappilappattu. includes all this moinkuttyVaidyar wrote in 1876 ChakkeeryMoindeenkutty in 1907 and METHOLOGY M,A.Moulavy in 1960 .There are many other Padappattus in addition to the above lhe Method used for this study is descriptive padappattus.Important historical Mappilappattus analytical and interpretative. The most important of the historical a) For this study ,both primary and poems is Hijrathunnaby written by secondary datas are used. MoinkuttyVaidyar .1t reveals the life and acheivements from birth to the travel to Hijra b) Apart from this personal interviews also used for this study. prophet Muhammed. Kissappattu was written by sardaraKathirBava at Sources from the institutions like c) Thalassery.lhe dawn of the 19 th Century saw the folk lore advent of British rule in the Malabar. The Songs of academy,MoinkuttyVaidyarMappila this era maked by the rising of anti-British feelings Kala academy also helped for the in the Mappila Society in the back drop the data collection. agrarian tenancy discontent against the British baked Jenmy landlords .most of the songs at the Sygnificance of Padappattukal in era fall under the padappattu(battle songs)genre. Mappilappattu. The early 20 th century witnessed the Mappila folk lore immense elements of growing influence of malayalam in the native culture .Mappila songs are the integral parts mappilappattugenre . This period was of all Mappila folk arts.This 17 th century also charactorised by the rise of theological reform witnessed the composition of other popular works movements and nationalist mobilization in the in the malappattu genre namely the Refai Mala( Malabar songs of the era also involved themes of 1623) by AhammadulKabeer,dswath Mala pan-Indian nationalism and the independence (1626)and ValiyaNaseehath Mala(1674)by movement against the British . The 1921 Malabar MananthakathuKunhikoyaThangal. Rebelion gave birth to a large variety of songs of Some of the 17 th century were primarily this genre. of the Kissa genre narrating stories of the prophet In the social context Mappilappattu of islam or Sulfisaints.There were war songs helped for religious teachings.ln the context of the iepadappattus written in 18 th century mappila uprisings against the British rule in .Padappattukal are poems discribingwars . They Malabar inthe 19 th and 20 th centuries. The Page | 67 Research Guru: Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Subjects (Peer Reviewed) Research Guru: Volume-14, Issue-4, March-2021 (ISSN: 2349-266X) padappattu played an important role in rousing mappila uprisings against the British rule in mappila sentiments of the Mappilapeasentry in Malabar in the 19 th and 20 th their struggle . These aongs also provided an centuries.lhePadappattu played an important role in insight for historiance into the thoughts and view rousing mappila sentiments of the mappila points of the rebels and have been used for peasantry in.All the people irrespective of their authentic historic compilation. The songs on the religion and cast enjoyed the music of the Malappuramshahids provide the earliest mappilappattus.ln Malabar the Hindus and description of an armed struggle between the muslims lived in harmony.ln this friendly mappilas and the Jenmi landlord class in the pre- atmosphere even mappilaRamayanam was also Mysore Era. William Logan ,refers to the written. CheroorPadappattu in the Malabar manual while The divine art mappilappattu is an asset ,which describing the incident was entrusted to us by our ancestors for the future Allammeukuttycomposed Malabar generation . The literature of mappila songs Lhalacnnalilafathpatt in 1925 describing the events represent the aspirations of the mappila community of the rebellion .Even the prisoners of the rebellion itsfrustration ,struggles ,love and affection over the like TennkodeOssanKoyauseu to compose songs ages. Intllelr letters to their relatives. The early 20 th century witnessed the CONCLUSION:- reform movements within the mappila community. The study is an attempt to reveal some 1 1 ley Owjecteu to the messages 01 tile songs facts about the padappattus among the Citing tilelrcontraulCtions with many of the basic mappilappattu.Padappattukal are poems discribing tenants of Islam , Often reffering to them as wars.