LAKE SALDA REPORT June 2020 tTÜRKm MÜHENDİSm VE MİMAR OoDALARI bBİRLİĞİ UNION OF CHAMBERS OF TURKISH ENGINEERS AND ARCHITECTS TMMOB Lake Salda Report Commission Selçuk Uluata (TMMOB) Baki Remzi Suiçmez (TMMOB) Tores Dinçöz (TMMOB) Ayşegül Oruçkaptan (TMMOB) İsmail Küçük (TMMOB) Deniz Kimyon (TMMOB) Hakkı Yalçın (The Chamber of Electrical Engineers, EMO) Serkan Öğütlü (The Chamber of Survey and Cadastre Engineers, HKMO) Mehmet Necat Özgür (The Chamber of Civil Engineers, İMO) Atakan Yüklü (The Chamber of Geophysics Engineers, JFMO) Faruk İlgün (The Chamber of Geological Engineers, JMO) Ahmet Hamdi Sargın (The Chamber of Geological Engineers, JMO) Hüseyin Tarhan (The Chamber of Geological Engineers, JMO) Servet Cevni (The Chamber of Geological Engineers, JMO) Yusuf Kenanoğlu (The Chamber of Chemichal Enginers, KMO) Haydar Şahin (The Chamber of Mechanical Engineers, MMO) Mehmet Soğancı (The Chamber of Mechanical Engineers, MMO) Mustafa Diren (The Chamber of Meteorological Engineers, Meteoroloji MO) Müzeyyen Gülşen Can (The Chamber of Architects, MO) Reyhan Erdoğan (The Chamber of Landscape Architects, Peyzaj MO) Caner Aksakal (The Chamber of Agricultural Engineers, ZMO) Contributors Birsen Tanyeri (Architect) Doğan Kantarcı (Forest Engineer (m.sc)) Secretariat Eren Şahiner (TMMOB) 2 LAKE SALDA REPORT CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 1. INTRODUCTION TO LAKE SALDA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 5 2. CLIMATE FEATURES AND HYDROLOGY. ................................... 10 2.1. CLIMATE .............................................................................. 10 2.2. Hydrometry Stations 15 2.2.1. River Observation Stations (AGI). ................................ 15 2.2.2. Lake Observation Stations (AGI). ................................. 16 2.3. Basin Water Uses .................................................................. 16 2.3.1. Irrigation Plants ............................................................ 16 2.4. Basin Water Potential ............................................................ 17 2.4.1. Groundwater Potential ....................................................... 17 2.4.2. Basin Water Budget ..................................................... 17 2.5. Evaluation .............................................................................. 18 3. FORMATION, GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LAKE SALDA. .................................................................................... 18 3.1. Geology ................................................................................. 19 3.2. Lake Geochemistry ................................................................ 23 4. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF LAKE SALDA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE, FOREST AND RANGELAND PRESENCE. ................................................................ 24 5. FLORA AND FAUNA OF LAKE SALDA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS, ENDEMIC SPECIES, LAKE FISH AND ORNITOLOGY. ................................................................................... 30 5.1. Lake Salda Plant Presence (Flora). ......................................... 30 5.2. Lake Salda Animal Presence (Fauna). .................................... 32 5.3. Birds .............................................................................................. 33 5.4. Butterflies .............................................................................. 34 5.5. Wild Animals ................................................................................. 35 6. EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS OF LAKE SALDA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS ................................................................................. 36 6.1. Earthquake Risk Analysis ...................................................... 37 7. DETERMINING THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................... 38 8. LAKE SALDA ENVIRONMENT PLANS AND PROCESSES. ............. 45 8.1. 100.000 Scale Land Use Plans: .............................................. 47 8.1.1. The Processes of the 1 / 100.000 Scale Land Use Plan 47 8.1.2. Antalya-Burdur-Isparta Planning Area 100.000 Scale Land Use Plan Approved by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization: ......................................................................... 47 8.2. 1/25.000 Scale Land Use Plan: ............................................... 50 8.2.1. 1/25.000 Scale Land Use Plan, dated 30.05.2019: ....... 50 UNION OF CHAMBERS OF TURKISH ENGINEERS AND ARCHITECTS 8.2.2. 1/25.000 Scale Land Use Plan, dated 12.09.2019: ........ 52 8.3. 1/5.000 Scale Conservation Master Plan: ............................... 54 8.3.1. 1/5.000 Scale Conservation Master Plan for Lake Salda and its Vicinity dated 30.05.2019 .......................................... 55 8.3.2. Changes Introduced in the 1/5.000 Scale Conservation Master Plan for Lake Salda and its Vicinity dated 12.09.2019 ............................................................................. 56 8.3.3. Changes Made in the Legend of the Conservation Master Plan and Plan Provisions ....................................................... 56 8.4. 1 / 1st000 Scale Conservation Implementation Development Plan: ........................................................................................ 60 8.4.1. 30.05.2019 Conservation Implementation Development Plan ...................................................................................... 60 8.4.2. Conservation Implementation Development Plan dated 12.09.2019 .................................................................................... 60 8.4.2.1 Changes in the Plan Legend and Plan Provisions …60 8.4.2.2 Changes Made According to the Objections to the Implementation Development Plan for Protection Purposes ............................................................ 64 8.4.2.3 Protection Purpose Development Plan Suspension Objections Correction Land Use ......................... 67 8.5. Layout Plans of the Nation's Garden Architectural Projects on the Map: .................................................................................. 67 8.5.1. 1st Urban Design Area Layout Plan: .............................. 67 8.5.2. 2nd Urban Design Area Layout Plan: ............................. 74 8.6. DETERMINATIONS IN LAYOUT PLANS ACCORDING TO THE COASTAL LAW AND THE REGULATION ON IMPLEMENTATION OF COASTAL LAW .............................. 76 8.6.1. Site Plan of the Urban Design Area; ............................. 76 8.6.2. Site Plan of the Urban Design Area; ............................. 76 8.7. EIA Legal Status of the National Garden Architectural Project ................................................................................................ 77 8.8. Relevant National and International Conventions within the Scope of the National Garden Project ................................... 79 9. AGENDA OF THE GNAT AND LAKE SALDA .............................. 81 10. CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATIONS ................................... 83 ANNEXES .......................................................................................................... 103 REFERENCES. ..................................................................................................... 136 4 3 LAKE SALDA REPORT LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Place of Salt Lake in Turkey ................................................................. 5 Figure 2. Location and Topographic View of Lake Salda (Temurçin, et al, 2019). .......... 6 Figure 3. Geographical Map of Lake Salda (URL-1). ............................................... 8 Figure 4: Lake Salda Hydrometeorological Network map ................................................ 10 Figure 5: Tefenni Mİ Annual Total Rainfall (1953 - 2012). ..................................... 12 Figure 6: Tefenni - Yeşilova Meteorology Stations Temperature Correlation Graph ..... 13 Figure 7: Tefenni - Yeşilova Meteorology Stations Annual Average Temperatures (1963 - 2012) ............................................. .................................................. .................................... 14 Figure 8: Badirli MI Temperature - Evaporation Correlation Graph ................................. 15 Figure 9: Lake Salda Levels (1998-2016). ........................................................... 16 Figure 10. Geological Map of Lake Salda (edited from MTA 2010 data). ................... 18 Figure 11. General views of Lake Salda and hydromagnetic deposits: (a) Hydromagnetic terrace deposits and surfaced stromatolites (b) Hydromagnetic clay / sludge and interlayer (c) Fossil Salda stromatolite (d) Gas exits due to up to date stromatolites (Balcı et al., 2018). ................................................................................................................................ 20 Figure 12. Lake Salda Soil and Land Properties Map (KHGM, 1996). ....................... 24 Figure 13. Plants Seen in Lake Salda (OSİB, 2013). .............................................. 30 Figure 14. Salda Seaweed Fish (Aphanius splendens) male (superior ) endemic in Lake Salda and female (lower) individual © İskender Gülle ..................................................... 32 Figure 15. Endemic Herb Fish (Pseudophoxinus cf. ninae) to Burdur, showing spread in Lake Salda © İskender Gülle ........................................................................... 33 Figure 16. Endangered white headed duck(Oxyura leucocephala). ............................... 34 Figure 17. Live fault map around Lake Salda