CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS No. 6(54), 2008 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS Journal of Social and Political Studies 6(54) 2008 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 1 No. 6(54), 2008FOUNDED AND PUBLISHEDCENTRAL ASIA AND BYTHE CAUCASUS INSTITUTE INSTITUTE O OR CENTRAL ASIAN AND STRATEGIC STUDIES O CAUCASIAN STUDIES THE CAUCASUS Registration number: 620720-0459 Registration number: M-770 State Administration for Ministry of Justice of Patents and Registration of Sweden Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press®. SWEDEN Registration number: 556699-5964 Journal registration number: 23 614 State Administration for Patents and Registration of Sweden E d i t o r i a l C o u n c i l Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council ISMAILOV Tel./fax: (994 - 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Murad ESENOV Editor-in-Chief Tel./fax: (46) 920 62016 E-mail: [email protected] Jannatkhan Executive Secretary (Baku, Azerbaijan) EYVAZOV Tel./fax: (994 - 12) 499 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Timur represents the journal in Kazakhstan (Astana) SHAYMERGENOV Tel./fax: (+7 - 701) 531 61 46 E-mail: [email protected] Leonid represents the journal in Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek) BONDARETS Tel.: (+996 - 312) 65-48-33 E-mail: [email protected] Jamila MAJIDOVA represents the journal in Tajikistan (Dushanbe) Tel.: (992 - 917) 72 81 79 E-mail: [email protected] Farkhad represents the journal in Uzbekistan (Tashkent) TOLIPOV Tel.: (9987-1) 125 43 22 E-mail: [email protected] Aghasi YENOKIAN represents the journal in Armenia (Erevan) Tel.: (374 - 1) 54 10 22 E-mail: [email protected] Ziya KENGERLI represents the journal in Azerbaijan (Baku) Tel.: (+994 50) 3006694 E-mail: [email protected] Guram represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) GOGIASHVILI Tel.: (995 - 32) 96 85 87 E-mail: [email protected] Sun ZHUANGZHI represents the journal in China (Beijing) Tel.: (86) 10-64039088 E-mail: [email protected] Konrad SCHÄFFLER represents the journal in Germany (Munich) Tel.: (49 - 89) 3003132 E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir MESAMED represents the journal in the Middle East (Jerusalem) Tel.: (972 - 2) 5882332 E-mail: [email protected] Irina EGOROVA represents the journal in the Russian Federation (Moscow) Tel.: (7 - 495) 3163146 E-mail: [email protected] Rustem ZHANGUZHIN represents the journal in Ukraine (Kiev) Tel.: (380-44) 524-79-132 E-mail: [email protected] CENTRAL ASIA AND THEE DCAUCASUS I T O R I A L B O A R D No. 6(54), 2008 Giuli ALASANIA Doctor of History, professor, Vice Rector of the International Black Sea University (Georgia) Bülent ARAS Doctor, Chair, Department of International Relations, Fatih University (Turkey) Mariam ARUNOVA Doctor of Political Science, leading research associate, Institute of Oriental Studies, RAS (Russian Federation) Garnik ASATRIAN Doctor of Philology, professor, head of the Department of Iranian Studies, Erevan State University (Armenia) Bakyt BESHIMOV Doctor of History, professor, Vice President, American University-Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan) Ariel COHEN Doctor, leading analyst, The Heritage Foundation, U.S.A. (U.S.A.) William FIERMAN Doctor of Political Science, Professor of Indiana University (U.S.A.) Paul GOBLE Senior Advisor, Voice of America (U.S.A.) Sergei GRETSKY Doctor, Chair of Central Asian Studies, Foreign Service Institute, U.S. Department of State (U.S.A.) Xing GUANGCHENG Doctor of Political Science, professor, Deputy Director of the Institute for East European, Russian and Central Asian Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (China) Alexander IGNATENKO Doctor of Philosophy, specialist in Islamic studies, leading expert of the Institute of Social Systems, Moscow State University, member of the Council for Cooperation with Religious Associations under the Russian Federation President (Russian Federation) Ashurboi IMOMOV Ph.D. (Law), assistant professor, head of the Department of Constitutional Law, Tajik National University (Tajikistan) Lena JONSON Doctor, senior researcher, Swedish Institute of International Affairs (Sweden) Klara KHAFIZOVA Doctor of History, Director, Center for Strategic and International Studies, professor at the International Relations and Foreign Policy Department, Kainar University (Kazakhstan) Jacob M. LANDAU Professor of Political Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel) S. Neil MACFARLANE Professor, Director, Center for International Studies, The University of Oxford (Great Britain) Alexei MALASHENKO Doctor of History, professor, Scholar-in-Residence, Ethnicity and Nation-Building Program Co-Chair, The Carnegie Moscow Center (Russian Federation) Abbas MALEKI Dr., Director General, International Institute for Caspian Studies (Iran) Akira Ph.D., History of Central Asia and the Caucasus, Program Officer, The Sasakawa Peace MATSUNAGA Foundation (Japan) Roger N. McDERMOTT Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Kent at Canterbury (UK) Vitaly NAUMKIN Doctor of History, professor, Director, Center for Strategic and International Studies of RF (Russian Federation) Yerengaip OMAROV Professor, Rector of Kainar University, President of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan) Vladimer PAPAVA Doctor of Economics, professor, Corresponding member of the Georgian Academy of Sciences, Senior Fellow of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies (Georgia) S. Frederick STARR Professor, Chairman, The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, The Johns Hopkins University (U.S.A.) The materials that appear in the journal do not necessarily reflect the Editorial Board and the Editors’ opinion Editorial Office: CA&CC Press AB Hubertusstigen 9. 97455 Luleå SWEDEN WEB ADDRESS: http://www.ca-c.org © Central Asia and the Caucasus, 2008 © CA&CC Press®, 3 2008 No. 6(54), 2008 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS Journal of Social and Political Studies No. 6(54), 2008 IN THIS ISSUE: REGIONAL POLITICS Galia CENTRAL ASIA Abdrakhmanova. IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION PROJECTS: CERTAIN ASPECTS COMPARED ............................................. 7 Vladlen Makukh. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EURO-INTEGRATION DYNAMICS OF THE EUROPEAN NEIGHBORHOOD POLICY MEMBER STATES ........................................................... 17 REGIONAL SECURITY Yuri Morozov, ORGANIZATIONS AND Roger McDermott. ALLIANCES IN CENTRAL ASIA: COOPERATION PROSPECTS AS SEEN FROM MOSCOW AND LONDON .................................................... 26 4 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS No. 6(54), 2008 Vladimir Plastun. CENTRAL ASIA: SCO AND NATO IN REGIONAL AND GLOBAL POLITICS ....................................................................... 37 Askar NATO Abdrakhmanov, IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD AND Timur ITS RELATIONS WITH KAZAKHSTAN Shaymergenov.(ACCORDING TO AN EXPERT OPINION POLL) .................................................................... 43 Alberto Priego. PAKISTAN BETWEEN CENTRAL AND SOUTH ASIA RSC ............................................................... 55 ENERGY PROJECTS AND ENERGY POLICY Viktoria LOOKING FOR A WAY Kondaurova. TO RESOLVE THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE CASPIAN SEA: INTERNATIONAL LAW PROVIDES NO ANSWER ..................... 74 Vladimir RUSSIA’S PROJECTS AND Paramonov, INVESTMENTS IN CENTRAL ASIA: Aleksei Strokov. THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY .................................................... 89 Ludmilla Baum. THE ENERGY INDUSTRY IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC: CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS, AND REFORMS ...................................................................... 101 Jahangir Kakharov. UZBEK GAS FOR EXPORT: WILL POLITICAL MANEUVERING BETWEEN CHINA AND RUSSIA RESULT IN HIGHER EXPORT PRICE? ................................................ 113 NATION-BUILDING Farkhad Tolipov. UZBEKISTAN: SOVIET SYNDROME IN THE STATE, SOCIETY, AND IDEOLOGY ...................................................................... 127 Lydia Karmazina. INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM IN KAZAKHSTAN AND RUSSIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (Part I) ...................................................................................... 141 5 No. 6(54), 2008 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS Petr Kokaisl. DEMOCRACY IN POST-SOVIET KYRGYZSTAN AND TURKMENISTAN ........................................................................ 154 FOR YOUR INFORMATION The Special Feature section in the next issue will discuss: n The Five-Day War and Prospects for Peace in the Caucasus n Security Issues in Central Eurasia n Russia, the U.S., and the EU: Their Policy in Central Eurasia 6 CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS No. 6(54), 2008 REGIONAL POLITICS CENTRAL ASIA IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION PROJECTS: CERTAIN ASPECTS COMPARED Galia ABDRAKHMANOVA Ph.D. candidate, Political Science Chair at the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan) rom the very first days of their independence the post-Soviet Central Asian states rich in natural resources and ruled by elites with little (if any) experience in international affairs have been ob- F jects of close attention by external players who hastened to the Eurasian geopolitical arena to put pressure on what looked like easy prey. Today multisided integration structures have been and remain a popular lever of pressure. Their popularity is easily explained by successful European experience. Like many others, the Central Asian states succumbed to the temptation to take part in the multisided cooperation structures set up within their geopolitical and geo-economic contexts. Since the late 1991 the Central Asian states have been involved (successfully and otherwise)