Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford, Wiltshire Heritage Desk-Based Assessment For Tetlow King Planning on behalf of Cotswold Homes CA Project: 6149 CA Report: 17014 January 2017 1 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford, Wiltshire Heritage Desk Based Assessment CA Project: 6149 CA Report: 17014 Lillie Bennetto, Assistant Heritage Consultant prepared by February 2017 date checked by Alan Ford, Senior Heritage Consultant date February 2017 Richard Morton, Principal Heritage Consultant approved by signed February 2017 date issue 01 This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission. Cirencester Milton Keynes Andover Exeter Building 11 41 Burners Lane Stanley House Unit 53 Kemble Enterprise South Walworth Road Basepoint Business Centre Park Kiln Farm Andover Yeoford Way Kemble, Cirencester Milton Keynes Hampshire Marsh Barton Trading Gloucestershire Buckinghamshire SP10 5LH Estates GL7 6BQ MK11 3HA Exeter t.01285 771022 t.01908 564660 t.01264 347 630 EX2 8LB f.01285 771033 t. 01392 826185 e. [email protected] 2 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 7 Outline ............................................................................................................................. 7 Location and Landscape context .................................................................................. 7 Summary of development proposals ............................................................................ 8 Scope and objectives ..................................................................................................... 8 2. METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 9 Study area ....................................................................................................................... 9 Data acquisition .............................................................................................................. 9 Previous archaeological investigations ...................................................................... 10 Walkover Survey .......................................................................................................... 10 Limitations .................................................................................................................... 10 Significance of heritage assets ................................................................................... 11 The setting of heritage assets ..................................................................................... 13 3. PLANNING POLICY .................................................................................................... 14 Legislative framework, national planning policy and relevant sector guidance ...... 14 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act (1990) .............................. 14 National policy: National Planning Policy Framework (2012) .................................... 15 Local Planning Policy: Wiltshire Core Strategy, adopted January 2015 .................. 16 4. OVERVIEW OF THE HERITAGE RESOURCE ........................................................... 17 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 17 Topography, Geology and the palaeoenvironment .................................................... 17 Summary of designated heritage assets .................................................................... 18 Prehistoric period (pre-AD 43) ..................................................................................... 18 Roman period (AD 43 – AD 410) .................................................................................. 19 Early medieval - medieval period (AD 410 – AD 1539) ............................................... 19 Post-medieval period (1540 – 1800) ............................................................................ 20 Modern period (1801 – present) ................................................................................... 21 Historic land use within the Site .................................................................................. 21 5. SIGNIFICANCE AND POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS ................................. 29 Significance of Recorded and Potential Heritage Assets within the Site ................. 29 Previous disturbance within the Site .......................................................................... 29 Potential Development Effects .................................................................................... 29 6. THE SETTING OF HERITAGE ASSETS AND DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS ............... 30 The Fox and Hounds Pub ............................................................................................ 31 3 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Broughton Gifford Conservation Area ........................................................................ 32 7. CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 41 8. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 42 Cartographic sources .................................................................................................. 43 4 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Site location plan Figure 2 Designated assets, non-designated assets and previous works Figure 3 Site location Figure 4 1817 Ordnance Survey Map of Wiltshire Figure 5 1841 Broughton Gifford Tithe Map Figure 6 1886 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 7 1900 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 8 1924 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 9 1946 aerial photograph Figure 10 1970 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 11 1985 aerial photograph Figure 12 2017 Master Map of the Site Figure 13 View from The Street, showing The Fox and Hounds on the left, facing north towards the Site Figure 14 Conservation Area character areas Figure 15 View from the street, facing north-west, modern housing on the left and 19th century housing on the right Figure 16 View from The Street facing south-east, 1920’s housing on the left and 19th century housing on the right Figure 17 View of the Site from The Street, facing north-east Figure 18 View from within the Site facing south-west Figure 19 View of the buildings within the Site, facing west-south-west Figure 20 View of the Site from Newleaze Park, facing west 5 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment SUMMARY Project Name: Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford Location: Wiltshire NGR: ST 87891 63764 In January 2017 Cotswold Archaeology was commissioned by Tetlow King Planning on behalf of Cotswold Homes to carry out a heritage desk based assessment in relation to land off The Street, Broughton Gifford, Wiltshire. This assessment identified no heritage assets within the Site and that within a 1km study area around the Site there is limited archaeological evidence for prehistoric and Roman settlement activity. The Site falls within an area previously documented as garden on historic maps and likely lay within the agricultural hinterland of the dispersed settlement of Broughton Gifford during the medieval and post-medieval periods. Given this low potential and the likely truncation of potential archaeological assets by the footings of the current buildings on the site it is unlikely that any such remains survive within the Site. Development within the Site will not impact the setting or significance of The Grade II Listed Fox and Hounds pub, located c.65m south of the Site. It is considered that the removal of the current buildings will have a positive impact by replacing an area of modern commercial units, which detract from the character and appearance of the Conservation Area. It is recommended that to meet the requirements of local and national planning policy the replacement by residential development should be achieved through sensitive design to complement and fit in with the character and appearance of the Conservation Area. Sensitive development would enhance the character, appearance and hence significance of the Conservation Area, and have a positive effect. 6 © Cotswold Archaeology Land off The Street, Broughton Gifford: Heritage Desk-Based Assessment 1. INTRODUCTION Outline 1.1. In January 2017, Cotswold Archaeology was commissioned by Tetlow King Planning on behalf of Cotswold Homes to carry out a heritage desk-based assessment in relation to land off The Street, Broughton Gifford, Wiltshire, centred on NGR: ST 87891 63764 (hereafter ‘the Site’, Figure 3). Figure 3 Site location (2009 Aerial Photograph) Location and landscape context 1.2. The Site is located within the settlement of Broughton Gifford and currently contains concrete parking areas and commercial buildings. The Site lies at c.43m aOD and is approximately