CRUISE REPORT: Albatross (Updated JUL 2013) Highlights Cruise Summary Information WOCE Section Designation Albatross Expedition designation (ExpoCodes) 74JC19990315 Chief Scientists Karen J. Heywood / UEA Dates 1999 MAR 15 - 1999 APR 22 Ship RRS James Clark Ross Ports of call Stanley, Falkland Islands 50° 13' S Geographic Boundaries 68° 7' W 30° 49' W 67° 34' S Stations 170 Floats and drifters deployed 0 Moorings deployed or recovered 0 Contact Information: Karen J. Heywood School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia University of East Anglia • Norwich, NR4 7TJ • UNITED KINGDOM Tel: 44-603-592555 • Fax: 44-603-507719 • Email: [email protected] LINKS TO SELECT TOPICS Shaded sections are not relevant to this cruise or were not available when this report was compiled. Cruise Summary Information Hydrographic Measurements Description of Scientific Program CTD Data: Geographic Boundaries Acquisition Cruise Track (Figure): PI CCHDO Processing Description of Stations Calibration Description of Parameters Sampled Temperature Pressure Bottle Depth Distributions (Figure) Salinities Oxygens Floats and Drifters Deployed Bottle Data Moorings Deployed or Recovered Salinity Oxygen Principal Investigators Nutrients Cruise Participants Carbon System Parameters CFCs Problems and Goals Not Achieved Helium / Tritium Other Incidents of Note Radiocarbon Underway Data Information References Navigation Bathymetry CTD Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) / LADCP Dissolved Oxygen Thermosalinograph Nutrients XBT and/or XCTD CFCs Meteorological Observations SF6 Atmospheric Chemistry Data Data Report Processing Notes Acknowledgmen ts 2 Narrative: A test station (001) was completed - full depth, all bottles fired at 3200m for CFC bottle blanks and the XBT launched. Section across the Drake Passage (stations 2-46) began 18th March. Stations spaced on every 500m depth contour. Deep stations (4000m) included southwards repeating the stations occupied by the WOCE A21 cruise. Drake Passage section completed on 26th March. CTD cable had caused a lot of trouble so would be replaced at Rothera. Arrived in Rothera 27th March and departed 28th. The intensive southern section of closely spaced stations to the South Orkneys was begun on 31st March and finished on 2nd April. A 12 hour echo sounder survey was made across the Orkney Passage to accurately locate the sill of the Passage and deduce the number of stations required. 3rd-4th April Orkney Passage sampled. Stations continued in the South Scotia Ridge. A POL BPR was recovered on 8th April. Stations began on the Maurice Ewing Bank section on 14th April. 17th April headed back to Stanley. Results: 170 CTD rosette water bottle stations were occupied in depths 100 - 4700m with LADCP. Ship-mounted ADCP - primarily operated in water tracking mode but if water <500m then switched to bottom-tracking mode. 2) Salinity, dissolved oxygen, silicate, nitrate+nitrite and phosphate: 170 samples 3) Oxygen isotopes: 16 samples 4) CFC11, CFC12, CFC13 and CCl4: 69 samples 5) Tritium: 67 samples 6) Helium: 67 samples 7) SF6: 17 samples 3 RRS James Clark Ross Cruise 40 15th March – 22nd April 1999 ALBATROSS Antarctic Large-scale Box Analysis and The Role Of the Scotia Sea A Hydrographic Survey of the Scotia Sea Principal Scientists Karen J. Heywood School of Environmental Sciences David P. Stevens School of Mathematics University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ UEA Cruise Report Series No. 6 June 2000 4 Contents 1. ALBATROSS Cruise Narrative............................................................................................ 6 1.1 Cruise Summary.............................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Cruise participants........................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Cruise Diary.................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Cruise Newsletters........................................................................................................... 12 2. CTDO2 Measurements........................................................................................................ 21 2.1 CTD and Rosette Multisampler...................................................................................... 21 2.2 Ship’s Winch Operation................................................................................................. 21 2.3 CTDO2 Calibrations...................................................................................................... 22 2.4 CTDO2 Data Processing................................................................................................ 26 3. Rosette Water Sample Analysis.......................................................................................... 29 3.1 Salinity Sample Analysis................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Dissolved Oxygen Measurements.................................................................................. 29 3.3 Nutrient Measurements................................................................................................. 33 3.4 Chlorofluorocarbon and Carbon Tetrachloride Measurements....................................... 34 3.5 SF6 Measurements........................................................................................................ 36 3.6 Helium and Tritium Measurements................................................................................ 37 3.7 Oxygen Isotope Measurements...................................................................................... 38 4. Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP)..................................................... 39 5. Expendable Bathythermographs (XBTs)........................................................................... 43 6. Navigation......................................................................................................................... 46 7. Ship-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP).............................................. 47 8. Underway Observations.................................................................................................... 49 8.1 Bathymetry.................................................................................................................. 49 8.2 Oceanlogger................................................................................................................. 49 9. Shipboard Computing : DAPS.......................................................................................... 51 10. Liquid Nitrogen Generator................................................................................................ 53 11. Bottom Pressure Recorder Recovery.................................................................................. 54 Acknowledgements................................................................................................................... 54 Table 1. ALBATROSS Station List.......................................................................................... 55 Table 2. ALBATROSS XBT List............................................................................................. 56 Figure 1. ALBATROSS cruise track and station positions........................................................ 59 Figure 2. Location of bottle samples......................................................................................... 60 Figure 3. Scatter diagram of CTD minus bottle salinity data..................................................... 61 Figure 4. Example of upcast and downcast 1 Hz CTD data...................................................... 62 Figure 5. Scatter diagram of CTD minus bottle oxygen data..................................................... 63 5 1. ALBATROSS Cruise Narrative 1.1 Cruise Summary This cruise (JR40) formed the basis of the ALBATROSS project. It took place on the RRS James Clark Ross, an ice strengthened vessel operated by the British Antarctic Survey. We left Port Stanley, Falkland Islands (Malvinas) on th nd 15 March 1999 and returned there on 22 April 1999 (Figure 1). A total of 170 CTDO2 small volume stations were occupied (Figure 2 and Table 1). 1.2 Cruise participants 1.2.1 Scientific party School of Mathematics, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ Dr David P. Stevens [email protected] School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ Dr Karen J. Heywood [email protected] Dr Michael P. Meredith [email protected] Dr Elaine L. McDonagh * [email protected] Mr. Alberto Naveira-Garabato [email protected] Mr. Richard Sanders * [email protected] Dr Lucinda Spokes [email protected] Dr Alison Bateman [email protected] Ms Fiona Carse [email protected] Ms Kate White [email protected] Ms Sally Thorpe [email protected] Mr. David Leah [email protected] * Now at Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH Universität Bremen, Postfach 330 400, 28334 Bremen, Germany Mr. Uli Fleischmann [email protected] Mr. Oliver Huhn [email protected] Laboratoire de Physique des Océans, CNRS/IFREMER/UBO, IFREMER/Brest, B.P. 70 Plouzané, France Mr. Michel Arhan [email protected] British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET Dr Mark Brandon * [email protected] Ms Elizabeth Hawker [email protected] Mr. Bruce Lamden