CERTIFICATION As the candidate’s supervisor, I have accepted this project report for submission. Name: Mr. Mbazingwa E. Mkiramweni Signature: ……………………………. Date: …………………………………. DECLARATION I declare to the best of my knowledge that, the project presented here as a part of achievement of bachelor of engineering in electronics and telecommunications course, it is my original work and has not been copied anywhere or presented elsewhere, except where openly indicted otherwise as all sources of knowledge have been duly acknowledged. Name of the candidate: Onesmo Augustino Signature: ………………………… Date: ……………………………… iii ABSTRACT The advancement of technology has reduced human intervention on various tasks and operation that involves machines, tools, equipment and other several appliances. Such replacement enhanced both quantity and quality production of goods and services emphasizing a better living standard. Depending on the kind of applications, different systems had been designed. Basing on this project a sub-security alarm system is intended of which the organization is such that; the recorded audible voice command will be played alerting the populaces to leave the seaside specifically the Gymkhanas beach. There should also be a human repellent unit which produces unpleasant sound to persons who disobeys the command given by this system. Both voice command and disturbing sound frequencies are played via the loudspeakers. The aimed system detects the presence or absence of an individual around by using the PIR sensors that are contained by it. Moreover an RF module is attached to every sub-system to ensure security over a large area around the beach by transmitting unique pulse code to another RF unit about 500feets whenever human is detected. All processes are scheduled and performed by the central control unit the PIC16F648A microcontroller. In general the system designed will work in a specified period of time, programmed sequence of operations and by sensing the absence or presence of an individual around the beach place. Bringing together the functions of sensors, RF Modules, Human repellent, the Microcontroller Unit and other components as stated above conclude the named title beach alerting and security system which significantly support the Gymkhanas beach guards to give directive to the people along that place with appropriate voice commands. This can improve the beach safety and security since it will be very effective, save security operation costs as well as good time management. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT I am gratefully just before God almighty for giving me the will power and strength to prepare this project. In particular, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor Mr Mbazingwa E. Mkiramweni for the encouragement, guidance, information and motivation. Special thanks to the telecom staff for their valuable advice guidance and their enormous patience through the development of the project. In addition I would like to appreciate all my classmates and friends for their support and encouragement throughout the project and the four years of studies at Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology. In a nutshell, special thanks to my beloved family for their moral and material support during the whole period of my course work. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION .......................................................................................................................... ii DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT ................................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………………vi ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................ x LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ xii CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Problem Statement................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.3.1 Main Objective....................................................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 Specific Objectives ................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Significance ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Proposal ................................................................................... 2 1.6 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................ 3 2 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 3 2.1 Literature Review .................................................................................................................. 3 2.2 Data Collection ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.3 Data Analysis and Design ..................................................................................................... 3 2.4 Programming of programmable devices ............................................................................... 4 vi 2.5 Designing the system ............................................................................................................. 4 2.6 Implementation and testing the prototype ............................................................................. 4 2.7 Writing the report of project .................................................................................................. 4 2.8 Chapter Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER THREE ........................................................................................................................ 5 3 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................ 5 3.1 The existing system ............................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Disadvantage of the existing system ..................................................................................... 5 3.2.1 Tedious ................................................................................................................................... 5 3.2.2 It’s time consuming................................................................................................................ 5 3.2.3 Cost fully. ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.2.4 Not very effective .................................................................................................................. 6 3.3 The Proposed system ............................................................................................................. 6 3.3.1 Microcontroller ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.3.2 Sensing unit ............................................................................................................................ 9 3.3.3 Transmitter ........................................................................................................................... 10 3.3.4 Receivers .............................................................................................................................. 13 3.3.5 Power Supply ....................................................................................................................... 14 3.3.6 Chapter Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 14 CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................................... 15 4 DATA COLLECTION .......................................................................................................... 15 4.1 Response of Tanzanians on Available Security Systems .................................................... 15 4.2 Technical Data ....................................................................................................................