Connecticut 2014 Supplement Created for free use in the public domain American Philatelic Society ©2014 www.stamps.org Connecticut: The State Scott UX109 • 1986 Settling of Connecticut, 1636 Connecticut takes its name from Quinnitukqut, a Mohegan word meaning “place of the long tidal river.” Dutch navigator Adriaen Block was the first European explorer to reach the area in 1614. After the Dutch established a fort near what is now Hartford, the English challenged them for possession of the region. The first English settlers came in 1633–34, but the main body — Puritans led by Thomas Hooker — arrived from Massachusetts in 1636. A professor in England, Hooker helped draft the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which influenced the U.S. Constitution. Outnumbered by these English settlers, the Dutch abandoned their fort in 1654. This 14-cent postal card was issued on the 350th anniversary of the arrival of Hooker and the Hartford Congregation. Scott 4281 • 2008 Scott 2340 • 1988 Flags of Our Nation: I Connecticut Statehood Connecticut Flag This stamp was issued 200 years after Connecticut’s flag was among the first set of “Flags Connecticut ratified the Constitution and of Our Nation” to be issued. The art shows the flag became the fifth state to enter the Union. with the Connecticut shoreline in the background. This commemorative depicts a scene based The flag is an azure blue displaying an ornamental on the town of Mystic, home of the Seaport white shield with three grapevines, each bearing Museum, and features the Charles W. Morgan, three bunches of purple grapes — representing the a whaling ship launched in 1841 and docked first settlements of English people in the colonies. on permanent display at the town’s seaport. Beneath the shield is the state motto “Qui Transtulit Sustinet” — “He Who Transplanted Sustains Us.” Scott 1631a • 1976 Scott 1751 • 1978 American Bicentennial: The Spirit of ‘76 American Dance: Folk State Song: Yankee Doodle State Dance: Square Dance The song “Yankee Doodle,” written by the English Folk dancing, specifically square dancing, provided early during the French and Indian War in 1755, made settlers the opportunity to socialize, and often became a fun of the dress and equipment carried by the primary type of community entertainment. The dancing was United States soldiers. During the Revolutionary usually accompanied by at least one fiddler, possibly some War with England, Americans rewrote the words percussion, and almost always lots of singing. Connecticut to poke fun at the British soldiers. "The Spirit of designated the square dance as the official state folk dance in '76" painting depicted on this stamp was originally 1995 as the city of Waterbury prepared to host the Northeast entitled "Yankee Doodle" — the state song of Regional Square Dance. Connecticut. Founded in 1886, the American Philatelic Society serves more than 31,000 members. APS offers services and educational opportunities to broaden your enjoyment of the hobby and enhance your special collecting interests, whatever they may be. The APS is supported entirely by membership dues, gifts, and the sale of its publications and services. Connecticut supplement Page – 2 American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Connecticut: The State Scott UX109 • 1986 Settling of Connecticut, 1636 Scott 4281 • 2008 Flags of Our Nation: I Connecticut Flag Scott 2340 • 1988 Connecticut Statehood Scott 1631a • 1976 American Bicentennial: The Spirit of ‘76 Scott 1751 • 1978 State Song: Yankee Doodle American Dance: Folk State Dance: Square Dance American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Connecticut supplement Page –3 Land and Water Scott 3910h • 2005 Scott 3910i • 2005 Masterworks of Modern Masterworks of Modern American Architecture American Architecture Glass House, New Canaan, CT Yale Art & Architecture Building, The “Glass House,” located in New Canaan, New Haven, CT Connecticut, was built in 1949 by Philip The Yale Art and Architecture “A & A” building, completed Johnson as his personal residence. The building in 1963, is a 7-story building with 37 different levels, a is 56 feet long, 32 feet wide, and 10.5 feet high. penthouse, and two underground levels. The interior of the The kitchen, dining area, and sleeping areas are building houses a central work space surrounded by four all in one glass-enclosed room. The exterior of concrete towers and a fifth vertical shaft that houses the the Glass House are charcoal-painted steel and elevators. Also known as the Rudolph building (named for glass. This building had a significant impact on architect and designer Paul Rudolph,) Yale University’s modern architecture. School of Architecture is located in the A & A building. Scott 4795 • 2013 Scott 4703 • 2012 New England Lighthouses The War of 1812: USS Constitution New London Harbor Lighthouse Issac Hull In 1759 a parcel of land at the mouth of the Isaac Hull (1773–1843) commanded several U.S. naval ships Thames River (where the river meets Long Island including the USS Constitution. It was under his command Sound) was purchased for construction of the that this ship destroyed the mighty British frigate HMS Pequot Light, better known as the New London Guerriere during the War of 1812. Among his assignments, Harbor Light. By 1761, the 64-foot stone tower Hull commanded the Pacific Squadron aboard the USS with its lantern — hard to distinguish from United States (1823–1827) and the Mediterranean Squadron the lights in neighboring homes — had been (1839–1841.) Born in Derby, Connecticut, Commodore erected. By the end of the century, the tower Isaac Hull also served in the Quasi War, the Barbary Wars, had developed a large crack. A new octagonal and the War of 1812. brownstone tower, with a revolving light, was built in 1801 and the keeper’s quarters were added in 1863. Scott 3377 • 2000 U.S. Navy Submarines USS Gato After being commissioned on December 31, 1941, the USS Gato departed for Pearl Harbor on February 16, 1942, becoming an integral part of World War II. Built by the Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut, the Gato was 311 feet from bow to stern. She witnessed the surrender of the Japanese empire on September 2, 1945. After being decommissioned on March 16, 1946, the Gato served as a Naval Reserve training ship until March 1, 1960. Later that year the USS Gato was sold for scrapping. Connecticut supplement Page – 4 American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Land and Water Scott 3910h • 2005 Scott 3910i • 2005 Masterworks of Modern Masterworks of Modern American Architecture American Architecture Glass House, New Canaan, CT Yale Art & Architecture Building, New Haven, CT Scott 4703 • 2012 Scott 4795 • 2013 The War of 1812: USS Constitution New England Lighthouses Issac Hull New London Harbor Lighthouse Scott 3377 • 2000 U.S. Navy Submarines USS Gato American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Connecticut supplement Page –5 Science and Industry Scott 3906 • 2005 Scott 3907 • 2005 American Scientists American Scientists Barbara McClintock Josiah Willard Gibbs Scientist Barbara (Eleanor) McClintock (1902–1992) Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839–1903) was a studied the structure and function of the cells in corn. mathematical physicist from New Haven, Her discovery that genes move from one chromosome to Connecticut. Through his research physical another formed the basis of modern genetic engineering. chemistry became science, vectors became part of She was the first woman president of the Genetics Society physics, and free energy as it relates to physical or of America, the first woman to receive the National Medal chemical systems and statistical mechanics were of Science, and the first woman to receive an unshared introduced into the world of science. Josiah Gibbs Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. In 1986, she was was awarded the Copley Medal of the British Royal inducted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame. Barbara Society, the most prestigious international science McClintock was born in Hartford, Connecticut. award at that time. Scott 4546j • 2011 Scott 3063 • 1996 Pioneers of American Industrial Design Pioneers of Communication IBM "Selectric" typewriter: Eliot Noyes Frederic E Ives Eliot Fette Noyes (1910–1977) was a leader in the Frederic Eugene Ives (1856–1937) became interested development of the IBM Selectric typewriter as well as in photography as a youngster working for the the designer of several company buildings while working Litchfield (CT) Enquirer. He developed the halftone for IBM. When working at Mobil Oil he redesigned the process of photoengraving, where photographs are look of the Mobil gasoline stations and their logo. Noyes broken down into tiny dots — a process still used designed his first residential house while residing in New in laser printers. Born in Litchfield, Connecticut, Canaan, Connecticut. One of his most notable designs is Frederic Ives received 70 patents dealing with optics, the Wilton Library in Wilton, Connecticut. printing, and photography. Connecticut supplement Page – 6 American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Science and Industry Scott 3906 • 2005 Scott 3907 • 2005 American Scientists American Scientists Barbara McClintock Josiah Willard Gibbs Scott 3063 • 1996 Scott 4546j • 2011 Pioneers of Communication Pioneers of American Industrial Design Frederic E Ives IBM "Selectric" typewriter: Eliot Noyes American Philatelic Society, www.stamps.org Connecticut supplement Page –7 The Arts Scott 4660 • 2012 20th Century Poets Wallace Stevens Wallace Stevens (1879–1955) received the Pulitzer Prize for