WATER UTILITIES CORPORATION Public Disclosure Authorized BOTSWANA EMERGENCY WATER SECURITY AND EFFICIENCY PROJECT VOLUME 1 of 2: Public Disclosure Authorized MAIN ESIA REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) REPORT FOR THE SELEBI-PHIKWE TO SERULE WATER Public Disclosure Authorized TRANSFER SCHEME (AN UPDATE OF THE PREVIOUS REPORT OF 2013) APRIL 2020 Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 OF 2: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) LIST OF ACRONYMS……………………………………………………………………………………………….v GLOSSARY OF TERMS…………………………………………………………………………………………. vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................................xii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... iii List of Plates ................................................................................................................................................. iv Project Locality ......................................................................................................................................... xxiv 1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Rationale of the Sub-Project ................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Objectives the ESIA and AIA Study ........................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Project Location ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Methodology of ESIA Study .................................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Scope Of ESIA ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.7 Major Findings On Developments and Changes since Previous ESIA .................................................. 5 1.8 Public Disclosure ..................................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION …………………………………………………………………………………...6 2.1 Description of the Existing Water Supply System ................................................................................... 6 2.2 Proposed Sustainable Source of Water for the Project .......................................................................... 7 2.3 Sub-Project Components ........................................................................................................................ 8 2.4 Project Activities ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.5 Detailed Location of the Sub-Project Components ............................................................................... 11 2.6 Storage Requirements Analysis ............................................................................................................ 12 2.7 Blasting ................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.8 Backfill and Bedding Material ................................................................................................................ 13 2.9 Road Crossings ..................................................................................................................................... 13 2.10 Railway Crossings ............................................................................................................................... 14 2.11 Fencing ............................................................................................................................................... 14 2.12 Existing Water Pipeline Crossing ........................................................................................................ 15 2.13 River and Stream Crossing ................................................................................................................. 15 2.14 Pipeline Servitude Aad Depth Of Excavation ..................................................................................... 15 2.15 Water Quality ...................................................................................................................................... 15 2.16 Power Supply ...................................................................................................................................... 15 2.17 Materials And Equipment to be Used ................................................................................................. 16 2.18 Contractor’s Office and Site Office Selection ...................................................................................... 16 2.19 Waste Generation and Management .................................................................................................. 17 2.20 Estimated Cost of Construction .......................................................................................................... 18 2.21 Estimated Commencement Date and Duration of Construction ......................................................... 18 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE FOR THE PROJECT AREA……………………………19 3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 19 3.2 Biophysical Environment ....................................................................................................................... 19 3.3 Social Baseline ...................................................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Social Assessment of Vulnerable Communities of the Project ............................................................. 46 4.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK……………………………………………….50 4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 50 4.2 Acts of Botswana Relevant to the Project ............................................................................................. 50 4.3 WUC’s Safety, Health, Environmental And Quality (SHE) Policies and Procedures ........................... 60 4.4 Regional and International Legislative Framework ............................................................................... 61 4.5 Institutional Framework for Project Preparation and Implementation ................................................... 76 4.6 List of Permits/Approvals/Licence/Clearance Needed for Project Implementation and Institutions Responsible .......................................................................................................................................... 82 i 5.0 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATIONS………………………………………………………84 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 84 5.2 Objectives of Consultations................................................................................................................... 84 5.3 Methodology .......................................................................................................................................... 84 5.4 Stakeholders Consulted (Government, Corporate Entities, NGOs) ........................................................ 5.5 Outcome Of Consultations .................................................................................................................... 86 6.0 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES..………………………………………………………………92 6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 92 6.2 Water Supply Alternatives for Mmadinare village ................................................................................. 92 6.3 Pipeline Route Alignment Alternatives .................................................................................................. 96 6.4 Labor Camp Scenarios ....................................................................................................................... 100 7.0 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS………….102 7.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 102 7.2 Methodology of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ......................................................... 102 7.3 Potential Impacts ................................................................................................................................. 103 7.4 Assessment of Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures .............................................................. 107 7.4.4 Negative Social Impacts................................................................................................................... 119 7.5 Impacts On Vulnerable Communities (Basarwa) ...............................................................................