TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION TO NEW REGIONAL CENTERS: POLICY CHALLENGES, PRACTICE, AND THE MIGRANT EXPERIENCE Conference Proceedings WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR ScHOLARS The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living nation- al memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neu- tral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news- letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. Lee H. Hamilton, President and Director Board of Trustees Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair Sander R. Gerber, Vice Chair Public members: James H. Billington, The Librarian of Congress; Hillary R. Clinton, The Secretary, U.S. Department of State; G. Wayne Clough, The Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Arne Duncan, The Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Chairman, National Endowment for the Humanities; The Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Archivist of the United States Private Citizen Members: Charles Cobb, Robin Cook, Charles L. Glazer, Carlos M. Gutierrez, Susan Hutchison, Barry S. Jackson, Ignacio E. Sanchez Comparative Urban Studies Project TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION TO NEW REGIONAL CENTERS: POLICY CHALLENGES, PRACTICE, AND THE MIGRANT EXPERIENCE Conference Proceedings EDITED BY Lauren E. Herzer, Sarah Dixon Klump, and Mary Elizabeth Malinkin 2009 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. www.wilsoncenter.org Cover Photograph: Spectators at a street parade, Neighborhood Day, Arlington, Virginia, USA; 2008; Photographed by Mark Blacknell ISBN: 1-933549-66-1 CONTENTS PANELIST BIOGRAPHIES 7 WELCOMING REMARKS 15 PANEL I, PART I: 18 Migrant Integration: Identity, Citizenship, and Tolerance Pep Subiros, Author and Philosopher, Barcelona, Spain Loren Landau, Director, Forced Migration Studies Programme, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa J. Walter Tejada, Chairman, Arlington County Board Manuel Angel Castillo Garcia, Profesor-Investigador, El Colegio de Mexico PANEL I, PART II: 52 Migrant Integration: Identity, Citizenship, and Tolerance Patricia Landolt, Assistant Professor of Sociology, University of Toronto Cynthia Buckley, Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Texas, Austin TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION TO NEW REGIONAL CENTERS 5 Oxana Shevel, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Tufts University Davlat Khudonazarov, Senior Research Fellow, Russian Academy of Sciences PANEL II: 85 Ukraine and Russia: New Migration Destinations Timothy Heleniak, Faculty Research Assistant, Department of Geography, University of Maryland Yaroslav Pylynskyi, Director, Kennan Kyiv Project, Ukraine Olga Vendina, Geographer, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow PANEL III: 121 New Migrant Cities: Cultural Transformation and New Urban Landscapes Mikhail Alexseev, Associate Professor of Political Science, San Diego State University Caroline Brettell, Interim Dean of Dedman College and Professor of Anthropology, Southern Methodist University Michael Jones-Correa, Professor of Government, Cornell University NOTES 154 ABOUT THE EDITORS 168 6 EURASIAN MIGRATION PAPERS Panelist Biographies MIKHAIL ALEXSEEV Mikhail Alexseev (Ph.D., University of Washington, 1996) is Associate Professor of Political Science at San Diego State University. He is the au- thor of Immigration Phobia and the Security Dilemma: Russia, Europe, and the United States (Cambridge University Press, 2006) and Without Warning: Threat Assessment, Intelligence, and Global Struggle (St. Martin’s Press, 1997) and is the editor of A Federation Imperiled: Center-Periphery Conflict in Post- Soviet Russia (St. Martin’s Press, 1999). Alexseev has been the principal in- vestigator of a multi-year international research project on migration and ethnoreligious violence in the Russian Federation funded by the National Science Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (Title VIII, U.S. Department of State). His previous projects have been funded by Reuters, NATO, the Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, the U. S. Institute of Peace, the John W. Kluge Center of the Library of Congress, the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research, the Carnegie Corporation of New York, and the Pacific Basin Research Center at Harvard University. Alexseev has published articles in Political Science Quarterly, Journal of Peace Research, Political Behavior, Political Communication, Europe-Asia Studies, Nationalities Papers, Post-Soviet Geography and Economics, The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, and Pacific Focus. His edi- torial opinion articles on Soviet and Post-Soviet affairs have appeared in The New York Times, Newsweek, Toronto Globe and Mail, USA Today, and The Seattle Times. His research project summaries and data are posted on http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~alexseev/migration_and_ethnic_conflict/. CAROLINE BREttELL Caroline Brettell is the Dedman Family Distinguished Professor in the Department of Anthropology at Southern Methodist University. Brettell is currently completing a two year term as Dean ad Interim at Dedman College. She is an internationally known specialist on immigration and the anthropology of gender. Brettell is the author of Men Who Migrate, Women TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION TO NEW REGIONAL CENTERS 7 Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish (1986), We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women (1982, 1995), Writing Against the Wind: A Mother’s Life History (1999) and Anthropology and Migration: Essays on Transnationalism, Ethnicity and Identity (2003). She is the co-author of Painters and Peasants in the 19th Century (1983) and the editor of When They Read What We Write: The Politics of Ethnography (1993), and Crossing Borders/Constructing Boundaries: Race, Ethnicity and Immigration (2007). Brettell is the co-editor of International Migration: The Female Experience (1986), Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (1993, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2008), Gender and Health: An International Perspective (1996), Migration Theory: Talking Across Disciplines (2000, 2008), 21st Century Gateways: Immigrant Incorporation in Suburbia (2008), and Citizenship, Political Engagement, and Belonging: Immigrants in Europe and the United States (2008). She is also the author of numerous book chapters and articles. Her recent research on new immigration to the Dallas-Fort Worth area has been funded by the National Science Foundation and the Russell Sage Foundation. CYNTHIA BucKLEY Cynthia Buckley is the William Blakesmore III Endowed Fellow of the Innovation, Creativity and Capital (IC2) Institute, University of Texas, where she is also a faculty member of the Departments of Sociology and Eurasian Studies and a faculty affiliate of the Center for Women’s and Gender Studies and the Population Research Center. Her research in- vestigates issues of population, health, and development in the Southern Caucasus, Central Asia, and Russia. Buckley’s current research projects include an examination of HIV/AIDS testing patterns, prevalence estima- tes, and stigma trends in Eurasia’s southern tier (sponsored by the National Council for Russian East European and Eurasian Studies), and a mixed me- thod evaluation of the effects of male labor migration on family health and economic stability in the Southern Caucasus (sponsored by a ACLS/ACTR Special Initiatives Grant). Professor Buckley is the lead editor of a forthco- ming Kennan Institute volume investigating migration within Eurasia, and is widely published on issues of reproductive health, population aging, and migration. In the fall of 2008 she began a study of health differentials bet- ween natives and foreigners in the Russian Federation. 8 EURASIAN MIGRATION PAPERS MANUEL ANGEL CASTILLO GARCIA Manuel Angel Castillo Garcia is a Professor-Researcher at the Demographic, Urban, and Environmental Studies Center (CEDUA), El Colegio de Mexico. He is currently Director of CEDUA’s journal, Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, a Member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences (AMC), and the National System of Researchers (SNI), Mexico, a Member of the Directive Board, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, and a member of the External Advisory Committee, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mexico. He is also a member and former President of the Board of Sponsors, Sin Fronteras, Mexico, as well as a member of the Mexican Council of Foreign Affairs (COMEXI). ALLISON GARLAND Alllison Garland is a Program Associate with the