CA PDF Page 1 of 110 Energy East Pipeline Ltd. Energy East Project Consolidated Application Volume 4: Pipeline Design Appendix 4-4 Golder Associates Inc. Summary of Geohazards April 2016 CA PDF Page 2 of 110 PHASE I GEOLOGIC HAZARDS ASSESSMENT NEW BUILD PORTION OF THE ENERGY EAST SYSTEM ALBERTA, SASKATCHEWAN, MANITOBA, ONTARIO, QUÉBEC, AND NEW BRUNSWICK CANADA Prepared For: TransCanada PipeLines Limited (TCPL) REPORT 450 – 1st Street S.W. Calgary, Alberta Canada, T2P 5H1 Prepared By: Golder Associates Inc. 18300 NE Union Hill Road, Suite 200 Redmond, WA 98052 USA July 24, 2014 Project No. 14-00899 A world of capabilities delivered locally Golder, Golder Associates and the GA globe design are trademarks of Golder Associates Corporation EE4930-GAL-C_RP_0001_Phase I Geologic Hazards Assmnt_0.docx CA PDF Page 3 of 110 July 2014 i 14-00899 Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Phased Approach to Geologic Hazards Assessment .................................................................. 2 1.3 Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Report Structure ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Development of Hazard Identification and Classification Criteria ................................................ 7 2.2.1 Landslides ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.2 Seismic (Ground Shaking) ..................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 Seismic (Liquefaction) ............................................................................................................ 12 2.2.4 Seismic (Surface Fault Rupture) ............................................................................................ 13 2.2.5 Subsidence (Karst) ................................................................................................................ 14 2.2.6 Subsidence (Underground Mining) ........................................................................................ 16 2.2.7 Subsidence (Fluid Withdrawal) .............................................................................................. 17 2.2.8 Collapsible or Expansive Soils ............................................................................................... 19 3.0 PHYSIOGRAPHIC, GEOLOGIC, LANDSLIDE, AND SEISMIC SETTING ................................... 22 3.1 Western Portion.......................................................................................................................... 22 3.1.1 Physiography and Geology .................................................................................................... 22 3.1.2 Landslides .............................................................................................................................. 23 3.1.3 Seismicity ............................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Eastern Portion........................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.1 Physiography and Geology .................................................................................................... 23 3.2.2 Landslides .............................................................................................................................. 24 3.2.3 Seismicity ............................................................................................................................... 25 4.0 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 27 4.1 Landslide Hazards ..................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.1 Alberta Centreline .................................................................................................................. 27 4.1.2 Cromer Lateral ....................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.3 Ontario Centreline .................................................................................................................. 27 4.1.4 Québec Segment 1 ................................................................................................................ 28 4.1.5 Québec Segment 2 ................................................................................................................ 28 4.1.6 Saint John Extension ............................................................................................................. 28 4.2 Seismic Hazards ........................................................................................................................ 29 4.2.1 Alberta Centreline .................................................................................................................. 29 4.2.2 Cromer Lateral ....................................................................................................................... 30 4.2.3 Ontario Centreline .................................................................................................................. 30 EE4930-GAL-C_RP_0001_Phase I Geologic Hazards Assmnt_0.docx CA PDF Page 4 of 110 July 2014 ii 14-00899 4.2.4 Québec Segment 1 ................................................................................................................ 30 4.2.5 Québec Segment 2 ................................................................................................................ 30 4.2.6 Saint John Extension ............................................................................................................. 30 4.3 Subsidence Hazards .................................................................................................................. 30 4.3.1 Karst ....................................................................................................................................... 31 4.3.1.1 Alberta Centreline and Cromer Lateral .............................................................................. 31 4.3.1.2 Ontario Centreline .............................................................................................................. 31 4.3.1.3 Québec Segment 1 and Québec Segment 2 ..................................................................... 32 4.3.1.4 Saint John Extension ......................................................................................................... 32 4.3.2 Fluid Withdrawal..................................................................................................................... 32 4.3.3 Mining ..................................................................................................................................... 33 4.3.3.1 Cromer Lateral ................................................................................................................... 33 4.3.3.2 Saint John Extension ......................................................................................................... 34 4.4 Collapsible or Expansive Soils ................................................................................................... 34 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................. 35 5.1 Landslide Hazards ..................................................................................................................... 35 5.1.1 High Hazard Landslides ......................................................................................................... 35 5.1.2 Moderate Hazard Landslides ................................................................................................. 36 5.1.3 Low Hazard Landslides .......................................................................................................... 37 5.2 Seismic Hazards ........................................................................................................................ 37 5.3 Subsidence Hazards .................................................................................................................. 38 5.4 Collapsible/Expansive Soils ....................................................................................................... 38 6.0 CLOSING ....................................................................................................................................... 39 7.0 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 40 7.1 Alphabetical References ...........................................................................................................