VOLUME VI | WINTER 2013-14 A JOURNAL OF CIVIL-MILITARY DISASTER MANAGEMENT & HUMANITARIAN RELIEF COLLABORATIONS & HUMANITARIAN DISASTER MANAGEMENT A JOURNAL OF CIVIL-MILITARY LIAISON CONTENTS Features 7 Comfort makes betterLessons learned Doctors during the Haiti medical response that can enable other organizations By Navy Capt. Miguel Cubano, M.D. 13 One Drop at a Time Sri Lankan hospitals find life-saving water solution By Kusum Athukorala 16 From the Ashes The city of Higashi Matsushima, Japan rebuilds after tsunami By Shuya Takahashi 21 Advancing the Agenda Urban Risk Reduction in Bangladesh By Mohammad Sifayet Ullah 25 Interview with Richard Hough U.S. Agency for International LIAISON Development VI VOLUME 21 | WINTER 2013-14 456 Hornet Avenue | Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI 96860-3503 Base | Joint Pearl Avenue 456 Hornet TEL 808.472.0518 | FAX 808.472.0382 TEL 808.472.0518 | FAX LIAISONA JOURNAL OF CIVIL-MILITARY DISASTER MANAGEMENT & HUMANITARIAN RELIEF COLLABORATIONS PROGRESS: Advances in Disaster Management that are Shaping the Future are that in Disaster Management PROGRESS: Advances In Every Issue 3 The Director’s Letter 4 Letters to the Editor 5 Contributors VOLUME VI VOLUME On the cover: There have been 73 Calendar of Events | WINTER 2013-14 countless advances in disaster man- agement in the last decade. This collage of photos highlights just a few that are represented within the issue. 49 1 Departments Partners Military-Military Cooperation on 28 HA/DR in the Indo-Pacific Region: JSDF’s Perspective By Col. Nozomu Yoshitomi Pushing Humanitarian Logistics 34 to the Edge: The Purple Shovel Story Technology Technology & Disasters: Technology 37 Integration for Performance Measurement in Training for Disaster Management By Raghavendra Polakonda, Subhashini Ganapathy, Ph.D., Kristen M. Barrera and James R. Gruenberg Building Disaster Resilient 44 Communities using Science and Technology By Jamie Swan Building with Compressed 47 Earth Blocks By Susan Heilig Flying High: The Use of Expendable 49 Civil Drones after Typhoon Haiyan By Imes Chiu, Ph.D., Chuck Devaney and Ted Ralston Reseach & Science 7 Nepal’s approach to Risk 55 Resilient Development By Sudhir Kumar Protecting Cultural Heritage during 63 Disasters: Prevention, Mitigation and Response By Elizabeth Varner ‘Japan changed everything:’ Advances 70 in tsunami modeling and simulation 37 since 2011 70 2 The Director’s Letter LIAISON Dr. Pamela Milligan Editor elcome to the latest Katryn Tuton edition of Liaison, the Art Director Center for Excellence Brian Miyamoto in DisasterW Management and Hu- Staff Writer manitarian Assistance (CFE) publica- Michael Hallett tion highlighting recent trends and accomplishments in international Please direct all inquiries to: disaster preparedness and response. Center for Excellence in Disaster Management This publication provides a forum & Humanitarian Assistance (CFE-DMHA) for international disaster managers 465 Hornet Avenue to present articles aimed toward the Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam practitioner to share important new improved national capabilities Hawaii, 96860-3503 findings, technologies, programs throughout the Asia-Pacific region Phone: 001.808.472.0401 Fax: 001.808.472.0382 and success stories, and to highlight the disaster management community Website: http://www.cfe-dmha.org lessons learned and best practices in will increasingly depend on a collab- the field. orative civil-military relationship to LIAISON is a publication of the Center for As CFE transforms itself to be the achieve optimum results. Excellence in Disaster Management and Department of Defense’s premier Military involvement in disaster Humanitarian Assistance (CFE-DMHA) and organization focused on building in- response has grown with the increase serves to inform its diverse audience of current and ternational humanitarian assistance in frequency and intensity of disas- emerging issues related to civil-military relations and disaster management capability, ters. Strengthening this response across the broadspectrum of disaster relief in order this publication will also transform through improved civil-military to enhance understanding among civilian and to remain relevant and useful to civil relations is the primary mission and military practitioners and policy makers. Content is prepared in accordance with the disaster managers, military organiza- focus of CFE. In future editions, we Associated Press Style Guide. tions, humanitarian and nongovern- will be emphasizing this relation- Contributions are welcomed and highly mental organizations. It is our goal to ship and providing insight into new encouraged. The editor reserves the right to make this publication an extension research, programs and opportuni- make editorial changes to any material submitted of our partnership and collaboration ties to build stronger civil-military as deemed necessary. with the disaster management com- disaster response programs. munity and a forum for important We welcome your recommenda- The authors in this issue of LIAISON are entirely information sharing. tions, participation and contributions responsible for opinions expressed in their articles. This edition focuses on advances to this journal. The next edition will These opinions are not to be construed as official in disaster management practices focus specifically on partnerships and views of, or endorsed by, CFE-DMHA, any of its partners, the Department of Defense, over the past decade. From water collaborations in building disaster or the U.S. Government. solutions in Sri Lanka to improve- resiliency. I encourage you to share ments in disaster response in both your stories and programs with us In addition to the editorial staff and contributing Nepal and Bangladesh, this edition and our community. It is an exciting authors, the editor thanks the following people highlights both technological and time at CFE and in the field of inter- whose efforts made this publication possible: Dr. Pamela Milligan, Pervaiz Meer, Alberto programmatic advancements. It is national disaster response—it is our Morales, Jr., James Kenwolf, Col. Jun Kamiosako, through these advances that both pleasure to share this time with you Venus Graves, Douglas Wallace, Mick Korman, disaster management capability and and to be a resource for you. Capt. Billy Croslow, Senior Master Sgt. April capacity within many countries has Please visit our new website at Pastroius, Jim Welsh, John Miller, Joyce Blanchard, increased significantly, ensuring www.cfe-dmha.org to learn more Mike Sashin, Jobe Soloman, Mara Langevin, Judith Maurer, Isagani Bangui, Rochelle Nae’ole-Adams, better response mechanisms and about CFE. Dr. Imes Chiu, Alan Aoki, Andrea Dos Santos, preparedness. Andres Mukk, Hilton Lim, Allison Leslie, By all indications, we are going Warmest Aloha, Tammy Makizuru-Higa, Monique Wheeler, to need these advanced capabilities. Rod Macalintal, Dante Mercado, Lloyd Puckett, Dominic Sparacio, Heather Walker, Karen Michel, Report after report indicates there Michelle Ibanez and Dr. Vecenzo Bolletino. has been a significant rise in the frequency of natural disasters over the past two decades and even with 3 LIAISON Volume VI | Winter 2013-14 Letters to the Editor LIAISON provides an open forum for stimulating discussion, exchange of ideas and lessons learned – both academic and pragmatic– and invites ac- tive participation from its readers. If you would like to address issues relevant to the disaster management and humanitarian assistance community, or share a comment or thought on articles from past issues, please submit them to [email protected]. Please specify which article, author and issue to which you are refer- ring. LIAISON reserves the right to edit letters to the editor for clarity, language and accuracy. iStocks LIAISON welcomes article submissions LIAISON is a journal of civil-military disaster management and humanitarian relief collaborations and aims to engage and inform readers on the most current research, collaborations and lessons learned available. If you are interested in submitting an article for consideration, please email your story idea to [email protected]. •Format. All submissions should be emailed to •Copyrights or licenses. All work remains the prop- the editor as an unformatted Microsoft Word file. erty of the author or photographer. Submission of Footnotes are the preferred method of citation, if an article or photograph to LIAISON magazine implies applicable, and please attach any images within the authorization to publish with proper attribution. document as separate files as well. •Supporting imagery. Original imagery supporting •Provide original research or reporting. LIAISON any and all articles is welcome. Please ensure the im- prefers original submissions, but if your article or ages are high-resolution and can be credited to the paper is being considered for publication elsewhere, photographer without license infringement. Images please note that with the submission. Previously should be attached to the submission separately, not published articles or papers will be considered if embedded within the Microsoft Word document. they are relevant to the issue topic. •Biography and photo. When submitting an article, •Clarity and scope. Please avoid technical acronyms please include a short biography and high-resolution and language. The majority of LIAISON readers are photo of yourself for the contributors’ section. from Asia-Pacific nations and articles should be ad- dressed to an international audience.