PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Project Interim Operations Habitat Conservation Plan for Lost River and Shortnose Suckers November 20, 2013 Recommended Citation: PacifiCorp. 2013. PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Project Interim Operations Habitat Conservation Plan for Lost River and Shortnose Suckers. Prepared by PacifiCorp Energy, Inc., Portland, OR. Submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Klamath Falls Fish and Wildlife Office, Klamath Falls, OR. November 20, 2013. PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Project Interim Operations Habitat Conservation Plan for Lost River and Shortnose Suckers November 20, 2013 Table of Contents I. Introduction and Background ............................................................................................ 1 Permit Holder/Permit Duration .......................................................................................... 5 Covered Lands ................................................................................................................. 5 Species to be Covered by the Permits .............................................................................. 5 Regulatory Framework ...................................................................................................... 5 Endangered Species Act ...................................................................................... 5 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) ........................................................... 7 Other Species Considered ................................................................................................ 7 II. Description of Covered Activities ...................................................................................... 9 III. Covered Species ............................................................................................................... 11 Lost River and Shortnose Suckers ................................................................................. 11 Legal Status ........................................................................................................ 11 Range and Distribution ....................................................................................... 11 Life History and Habitat Requirements ............................................................... 12 IV. Current Conditions ............................................................................................................ 15 Existing Project Facilities ................................................................................................ 15 East and West Side Developments .................................................................... 15 Keno Development ............................................................................................. 17 J.C. Boyle Development ..................................................................................... 17 Copco No. 1 Development .................................................................................. 18 Copco No. 2 Development .................................................................................. 18 Fall Creek Development ..................................................................................... 19 Iron Gate Development ...................................................................................... 19 Climate ............................................................................................................................ 19 Hydrology and River Flow Management ......................................................................... 20 Natural Hydrology ............................................................................................... 20 Reservoir and Lake Elevations ........................................................................... 21 Release Flows .................................................................................................... 22 Ramping Rates ................................................................................................... 23 Water Quality .................................................................................................................. 25 Upper Klamath Lake ........................................................................................... 26 Link River ............................................................................................................ 26 Keno Reservoir ................................................................................................... 27 Keno Reach—Keno Dam to J.C. Boyle Reservoir .............................................. 30 J.C. Boyle Reservoir ........................................................................................... 30 Bypass Reach—J.C. Boyle Dam to J.C. Boyle Powerhouse .............................. 31 Peaking Reach—J.C. Boyle Powerhouse to Copco Reservoir ........................... 32 Copco Reservoir Complex .................................................................................. 33 Iron Gate Reservoir ............................................................................................ 35 Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) ................................................................ 36 Covered Species and Habitats ....................................................................................... 37 Lost River and Shortnose Sucker ....................................................................... 37 V. Effects of Covered Activities on Covered Species ......................................................... 43 Effects on Listed Sucker Species ................................................................................... 43 Entrainment at Project Diversions ...................................................................... 49 False Attraction at Project Tailraces ................................................................... 52 Ramp Rate Effects ............................................................................................. 52 Reservoir Fluctuation Effects .............................................................................. 53 III PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Project Interim Operations Habitat Conservation Plan for Lost River and Shortnose Suckers November 20, 2013 Migration Barriers ............................................................................................... 54 Degradation and Loss of Habitat ........................................................................ 55 Water Quality ...................................................................................................... 56 Effects to Lost River Sucker and Shortnose Sucker Critical Habitat ................... 57 VI. Conservation Program ...................................................................................................... 59 Sucker Conservation Strategy ........................................................................................ 59 Sucker Biological Goals and Objectives ............................................................. 60 Effects of the Sucker Conservation Strategy .................................................................. 64 Shutdown of the East Side and West Side Developments ................................. 64 Sucker Recovery Initiatives ................................................................................ 67 VII. Monitoring and Adaptive Management ............................................................................ 69 Project Facilities .............................................................................................................. 69 Sucker Recovery Initiatives ............................................................................................. 69 Williamson River Delta Restoration Program .................................................................. 69 VIII. Compliance with Authorized Level of Take ................................................................... 71 IX. Changed and Unforeseen Circumstances ..................................................................... 75 Changed Circumstances Identified in the Plan ............................................................... 75 Measures for Changed Circumstances ........................................................................... 76 New Listing of Species that are Not Covered Species .................................................... 76 Measures for Unforeseen Circumstances ....................................................................... 77 X. Funding .............................................................................................................................. 79 HCP Funding Commitments ........................................................................................... 79 Conservation Funding Assurances ................................................................................. 79 Annual Funding Certification ........................................................................................... 80 XI. Plan Implementation ......................................................................................................... 81 XII. Other Alternative Actions Considered ............................................................................. 89 No Action Alternative 1 ................................................................................................... 89 No Action Alternative 2 ..................................................................................................