EUROPEAN ARACHNOLOGY 2003 (LOGUNOV D.V. & PENNEY D. eds.), pp. 139146. © ARTHROPODA SELECTA (Special Issue No.1, 2004). ISSN 0136-006X (Proceedings of the 21st European Colloquium of Arachnology, St.-Petersburg, 49 August 2003) The spider genus Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944 in the Crimea, south Ukraine (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) Ïàóêè ðîäa Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944 Êðûìa, þæíàÿ Óêðàèíà (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) N.M. KOVBLYUK Í.Ì. ÊÎÂÁËÞÊ Zoology Department, V.I. Vernadskys National Taurida University, Yaltinskaya str. 4, Simferopol 95007 Ukraine. email: [email protected] Êàôåäðà çîîëîãèè Òàâðè÷åñêîãî íàöèîíàëüíîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà èì. Â.È.Âåðíàäñêîãî, óë. ßëòèíñêàÿ 4, Ñèìôåðîïîëü 95007 Óêðàèíà. email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Three species of the spider genus Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944 have been recorded from the Crimea: T. pedestris (C.L. Koch, 1837), T. lyonneti (Audouin, 1827) and T. malkini Platnick et Murphy, 1984 (the last two species are new to Ukraine). The earlier Crimean records of T. barbatus (L. Koch, 1866) are misidentifications of T. malkini. The greatest activity and highest abundance of adult specimens for all Trachyzelotes species occurs in June. T. pedestris occurs in the submontane forest-steppe of the north macro-slope of the Crimean mountains; T. lyonneti and T. malkini occur in the saline semi-desert steppes and salt-marshes, but the latter is also recorded from the Quercus pubescens Juniperus excelsa Pistacia mutica forests on the southern coast. ÐÅÇÞÌÅ.  Êðûìó îáíàðóæåíû òðè âèäà ïàóêîâ ðîäà Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944: T. pedestris (C.L. Koch, 1837), T. lyonneti (Audouin, 1827), T. malkini Platnick et Murphy, 1984. Äâà ïîñëåäíèå âèäà ÿâëÿþòñÿ íîâûìè äëÿ ôàóíû Óêðàèíû. Óêàçàíèå èç Êðûìa T. barbatus (L. Koch, 1866) íå ïîäòâåðæäåíî (âåðîÿòíî, îøèáî÷íîå îïðåäåëåíèå T. malkini). Ïèê ÷èñëåííî- ñòè è àêòèâíîñòè âçðîñëûõ îñîáåé âñåõ òð¸õ âèäîâ â Êðûìó ïðèõîäèòñÿ íà èþíü. T. pedestris îáíàðóæåí â ïðåäãîðíîé ëåñîñòåïè ñåâåðíîãî ìàêðîñêëîíà Êðûìñêèõ ãîð; T. lyonneti â çàñîë¸ííûõ ïîëóïóñòûííûõ ñòåïÿõ è íà ñîëîí÷àêàõ; T. malkini òîæå â ïîëóïóñòûííûõ ñòåïÿõ è íà ñîëîí÷àêàõ, à òàêæå íà þæíîì áåðåãó Êðûìà â øèáëÿêàõ èç äóáà ïóøèñòîãî, ìîææåâåëüíèêà âûñîêîãî è ôèñòàøêè òóïîëèñòíîé. KEY WORDS: spiders, Trachyzelotes, new records, ecology, the Crimea. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: ïàóêè, Trachyzelotes, íîâûå íàõîäêè, ýêîëîãèÿ, Êðûì. Introduction and subsequent authors]. It is demonstrated below, that these records should be assigned to The genus Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944 T. malkini Platnick et Murphy, 1984. was recently reviewed by Platnick & Murphy This paper presents data for the three spe- [1984] and Levy [1998] and comprises 17 valid cies of Trachyzelotes known from the Crimea. species [see Platnick, 2003]. Of these, the only All species are illustrated, redescribed and di- species to be reported from the Crimea to date agnosed; phenology and habitat preferences are is T. barbatus (L. Koch, 1866) [Spassky, 1927; also discussed. 140 EUROPEAN ARACHNOLOGY 2003 Material and methods Trachyzelotes pedestris (C.L. Koch, 1837) Figs 14. Unless otherwise stated, specimens for this study were collected by the author during 2000, primarily Trachyzelotes pedestris: Platnick et Murphy, 1984: using pitfall traps; some specimens were hand col- 5, f. 36; Grimm, 1985: 213214, f. 223226; Levy, lected (see below). The specimens studied are dis- 1998: 102104, f. 1518. tributed between the following collections: KVE = For a complete list of synonyms see Platnick [2003]. the private collection of Dr. K.V. Evtushenko, Kyiv, RECORDS. Kovblyuk [2001]. Ukraine (I.I. Schmalhausens Institute of Zoology, MATERIAL. UKRAINE, THE CRIMEA: 3 ## (TNU), Simferopol Distr., c. 1.5 km NE Fersmanovo, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine); TNU = Kesslers forest, watershed (350400 m a.s.l.), forest (Quer- the collection of the Department of Zoology, V.I. cus pubescens, Cornus mas, Physospermum danaa, Po- Vernadsky Taurida National University, Simferopol, lygonatum odoratum, P. latifolium), pitfall traps, 26.05 Ukraine, Mr. N.M. Kovblyuk; ZIN = Zoological 23.06.2000; 5 ##, 1 $ (TNU), Simferopol Distr., c. 1.5 Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Peters- km NE of Fersmanovo, Kesslers forest, watershed (350 400 m a.s.l.), forest edge (Quercus pubescens, Cornus burg, Russia, Dr. V.A. Krivokhatskii. mas, Swida australis, Prunus spinosa, Lithospermum Legs and palpal segments were measured after purpureo-coeruleum), pitfall traps, 27.0516.07.2000; 1 separating them from the cephalothorax. The total # (TNU), Simferopol Distr., c. 1.5 km NE Fersmanovo, length of each leg is taken as: femur + patella + tibia Kesslers Forest, watershed (350400 m a.s.l.), grassland + metatarsus + tarsus. Length/width of cephalotho- (Brachypodium pinnatum, Elytrigia maeotica, Filipen- dula vulgaris), pitfall traps, 623.06.2000; 3 ## (ÒNU), rax/abdomen were measured after separating them Simferopol Distr., near Lozovoe, Bairakly Mt. (S slope; c. by breaking the pedicel. Coloration is described 400 m a.s.l.), rock steppe (Stipa capillata, Teucrium from specimens preserved in 75% ethanol with glyc- chamaedrys, T. polium, Festuca rupicola, Filipendula erin (in the proportion 9:1). The Records section vulgaris, Amygdalus nana), pitfall traps, 6.0616.07.2000. refers to previous records of the species from the DIAGNOSIS. T. pedestris can separated from Crimea. other Trachyzelotes species by the structure of the The following abbreviations are used in the text: copulatory organs (Figs 14) as follows: males by a = apical; d = dorsal; pl = prolateral; rl = retrolater- the unique elongated, anterio-retrolaterally directed al; v = ventral. The abbreviations AM, AL, PM and terminal apophysis, females by the wide median PL refer to the anterior median, anterior lateral, plate lacking an M-shaped median ridge. posterior median and posterior lateral eyes respec- DESCRIPTION. (#/$; N = 1/1): Total length tively. All measurements are in mm. 6.8/?. Carapace: 2.6/3.1 long, 2.2/2.4 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AM 0.07/0.08, AL 0.15/ Survey of the species 0.15, PM 0.09/0.12, PL 0.12/0.14, AMAM 0.06/ 0.07, AMAL 0.02/0.02, PMPM 0.02/0.03, PM Genus Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944 PL 0.04/0.06, AMPM 0.09/0.12, ALPL 0.08/ 0.08. Largest eyes = AL, smallest = AM. Distances Type species: Zelotes pedestris (C.L. Koch, between eyes and anterior clypeal margin: AM 1837). clypeus 0.18/0.23, ALclypeus 0.12/0.15. Length DIAGNOSIS. Species of the genus Trachyzelotes of leg segments: can be distinguished from other genera of the tribe Legs Femur Patella + Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Zelotini (i.e., the Gnaphosidae having a ventro- I 1.8/2.0 2.5/2.8 1.3/1.4 1.2/1.2 6.9/7.2 distal comb of stiff setae distally on metatarsi III and II 1.6/1.9 2.1/2.4 1.2/1.2 1.0/1.0 6.0/6.6 IV) by the presence of a brush of equally long, III 1.4/1.6 1.8/2.0 1.2/1.3 0.8/0.9 5.2/5.8 spine-shaped setae on the anterior-medial surface of IV 2.1/2.3 2.8/3.1 2.0/2.1 1.1/1.1 8.0/8.6 the chelicerae [Platnick & Murphy, 1984; Levy, Length of palp segments: femur 1.0/1.0, patella 1998]. 0.4/0.6, tibia 0.4/0.5, tarsus 0.9/0.8. Abdomen: 4.0/ NOTE. The genus Trachyzelotes is heteroge- 4.8 long, 2.3/2.8 wide. Scutum on male abdomen: neous in its genitalic features. There were three 1.8 long, 1.7 wide. Leg spination. Leg I. Femur: d 1- species groups established by Platnick & Murphy 1, pl 1; metatarsus and tarsus ventrally with two [1984]: the pedestris group, with a single species double rows of thick setae. Leg II. Femur: d 1-1-1, pl included, the lyonneti group and the barbatus group. 1/d 1-1, pl 1; metatarsus and tarsus ventrally with Representatives of all three groups are found in the two double rows of thick setae. Leg III. Femur: d 1- Crimea: T. pedestris, T. lyonneti and T. malkini 1, pl 1-1, rl 1; tibia: pl 1-1-1, rl 1-1, v 2-2-2a; respectively. metatarsus: pl 1-2, rl 1-2, v 2-0-0/pl 1-2-2, rl 1-1-2, N.M. Kovblyuk. Trachyzelotes in the Crimea 141 Figs 14. Copulatory organs of Trachyzelotes pedestris: 12 left palp of #, ventral and retrolateral views; 3 apical part of bulbus, dorsal (inner) view; 4 epigyne, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. Ðèñ. 14. Êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Trachyzelotes pedestris: 12 ëåâàÿ ïàëüïà ñàìöà âåíòðàëüíî è ðåòðîëàòåðàëüíî; 3 âåðõíÿÿ ÷àñòü áóëüáóñà äîðñàëüíî (öèìáèóì óäàë¸í); 4 ýïèãèíà âåíòðàëüíî. Ìàñøòàá: 0,1 ìì. v 2-0-0. Leg IV. Femur: d 1-1; tibia: pl 1-1-1, rl 2-2, PHENOLOGY (in the Crimea). ##, VVII; v 2-2-2a/pl 1-1-1, rl 1-2, v 2-2-2a; metatarsus: d 2-2, $$, VI; maximum abundance occurs in June (Fig. pl 1-1-1, rl 1-1-1, v 2-2-2a. 15). A similar phenological cycle for this species Coloration. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, labi- was reported from the UK [Harvey et al., 2002] and um, palpal endites, coxae and femora of the legs, central Europe [Heimer & Nentwig, 1991]. and scutum on male abdomen dark brown. Remain- ing leg and palp segments yellow, leg tarsi white Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin, 1827) distally. Abdomen grey, with six to eight yellow Figs 59. sigillae in two rows; book-lungs yellow; spinnerets greybrown. Trachyzelotes lyonneti: Platnick & Murphy, 1984: 6 Palpal structure as in Figs 13, epigyne as shown 7, f. 710; Levy, 1998: 105106, f. 1922. in Fig. 4. For a complete list of synonyms see Platnick [2003]. DISTRIBUTION. Widespread throughout Eu- MATERIAL.