UNITED AS NATIONS General Assembly Security Council Distr. GENERAL A/44/531 J S/20850 18 September 1989 ORIGINAL8 ENGLISH GENERAL ASSEMBLY SECURITY COUNCIL Forty-fourth session Forty-fourth year Items 31, 72 and 143 of the provisional agenda* THE SITUATION IN KAMPUCHEA REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE STRENGTHENING OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES BETWEEN STATES Letter dated 15 Seotember 1989 from the-permanent Renresentativg of Democratic Kwuchea to the United Nations addressed to a Secretarv-General I have the honour to transmit herewith, for your information, a memorandum entitled "The Establishment of Viotnamese Settlements is a Major Obstacle to the destoration of an Independent, Peaceful and Neutral Cambodia", prepared on 6 August 1989 by tho Department of Press and Information of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea. I should be very grateful if you would have the above-mentioned memorandum circulated as an official document of the General Assembly, under agenda items 31, 72 and 143 of the provisional agenda, and of the Security Council. (Siqned)THIOUNN Prasith Permanent Representative * A/44/150. 89-21688 1112i (E) / l . A/44/531 5120850 English Page 2 MEMORANDUM THE ESTABLISHMENT OF VIETNAMESE SETILEMENTS IS A MAJOR OBSTACLE TO THE RESTORATION OF AN INDEPENDENT, PEACEFUL AND NEUTRAL CAMBODIA 1. Of late, the Hanoi leadership has tried to project flexibility on the so-called "problem of Kampuchea" by making a highly-publicized announcement of "complete withdrawal" of its forces from Cambodia by the end of September 1989. Whether this pledge would be materialized, it remains to be seen. 2. However, the Vietnamese military occupation of Cambodia is only the most visible aspect of a system of domination which embraces the systematic establishment of Vietnamese settlements in various parts of Cambodia, the setting up and control of the Phnom Penh regime in all aspects and the economic, social and cultural integration of the Cambodian society. 3. For years, it has appeared that the Hanoi leaders have developed a "strategy for victory or irreversibility" in Cambodia. For them, Vietnamization of Cambodia is the key. When their soldiers are compelled to leave Cambodia, the Vietnamization process -the absorption plan- would have been basically, if not totally, completed. 4. Behind the "goodwill" rhetoric of its diplomats, Hanoi has conceived and implemented the Vietnamization plan to progressively and systema- tically change the geographic nature and demographic composition of Cambodia and to alter her legal status with the purpose of realizing, as French anthropologist Ms. Marie Alexandrine Martin has called it "a planned and silent ethnocide." 5. For long, this Vietnamization program in Cambodia has successively been brought to the attention of the world community, In August 1986,.H.R.H. Samdech NORODOM SIHANOUK, Leader of the Cambodian National Resistance and President of Democratic Kampuchea, called on the world community to save Cambodia from being obliterated by this agonizing process in these terms: "The ongoing process of the Vietnamization of Cambodia by the settlement cf hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese in key Cambodian areas must remain the main focus of international concern." / . A/44/531 8120850 English Page 3 I, THE ESTABLISHMENT OF VIETNAMESE SETTLEMENTS IN CAMBODIA 6, As part of the Vietnamization process which is going on in an accele- rated pace, and of no small eff act on the Cambodian society in gene- rat ions to come, the Vietnamization plan of changing the dr8Pographic structure of Cambodia by the establishment of more than one million Vieb . namese settlers in various parts of the country constitutes a threat of alarming character to Cambodia’s survival. These settlers whose number is estimated as high ae 1,250,OOO are established in 6 main areas of Cambodia a8 follows: a) In the following 14 districts: - Peam Ro, Pcam Chor and Trabek In Prey Veng province, - Svay Rieng, Prasaut , Chantrea and Kompong Ro in Svay Rieng province, - Kampot and Touk Mees in Kampot province, - Kirivong, Prey Kabae and Koh Andet in Tekeo province, - Koh Thorn and Loeuk Dek in Kondal province. Ir; those districts, the Vietnamese settlers make up for an average of 75 per cent of the loca? population, with an evzege of 35,000 settlers in each dlstr ict . Their total number is about 470,000. b) In Phnom Penh and its suburbs: There are at present approximately 150,000 Vietnamese settler8 in this area. c) There are about 150,000 Vietnamese settlers established In coastal areas of Koh Kong province, in Kompong Som, in the districts of Se-ang, Kien Svay, Lovea Em and Ponhea Loeu (Kandal province), in the dietrictc of Romeae Hek, Samrong and Rumduol (Svay Rieng province), and in the district of Ponhea Krek (Kompong Cham province. ) d) Another 150,000 Vietnamese settlers are establiehed on the banks of the Mekong river: Rokar Kong, north of Phnon, Penh, up to Kompong Cham provincial town and to the district of Sambor in Kratie province. e) There are about 150,000 Vietnamese settlers on the banks of the Tonle Sap river, from Prek Kdam to ,Chhnok Trou (district of Baribo, Kompong Chhneng province. ) f) There are about 250,000 Vietnamese settlers in the remaining part of Cambodia, such as the provinces of Pursat, Battambang, Siemreap, Preah Vihear, Kompong Thorn, Stung Treng, Mondulkl.ri and Rattanakiri. 7. Their presence has been witnessed by many Western reporters who have gone to ascertain the situation In Cambodia. James Webb of the Washington Post wrote on ‘14 April 1983: “U @titi, 200,000 Ui&un@&z aotdc’ehs occupy Cambodia. Behind .them, 6oUoGng a poticy dictated by Hanoi, hundreds 06 thoudandr 06 Vietnamese me bp,gi.nning to e&abUh thenwtve6 in the cotiy. In k~toq thme tie &L~J mohe obvioti examflu 06 u ‘&inat 4ottion’ dewbed to bt0.t out a ntiona.t and ethnic ideWy. , a.. A/44/531 S/20850 English Page 4 The CambodiAn4 . , we now being &o&bed. " On 22 April 198S, Charles Antoine de Nerclat, an AFP reporter, described the Vietnamleation demographic process in rheae termst We numba 06 ViQRnumede who have come to uWe in Cambodia kb been uncwG.n ty inaea6ed. ". A Gmpte u&h on the bunk 06 the Totie Sap tiveh enab% 44 ub to notie the ex.htence 06 aUo&nen& occupied mah4y by VLetname6e on 4evW Uomethe6. 1 n Phnom Penh, Vietnamese @nUe4 have opened howb 0 4 &naU &oheb. kound the capLZat, . the ulna e6 (tie) hthabtied m&&y 4 not e&&&y by Vi&tame&e. Accorrd4.n to Cam% odiun witneue6, tthe Vitinantie ~vi&Xun4 due O&JI in *.. &uca,oadC These reports are corroborated by that of the Washia-k’s correspondent, William Eranlgan, who wrote on 25 April 1985: “.. rrecent vhUo1~6 to Cambodia have hepohted be&g VLetnamese SattAm.. , A tW.tan heeie6 umba t&o &bed in Phnom Penh a 6w yeahd ago u.id U~&M u hecent rratwvr tip that he w ‘amazed~ ti thlc numba 06 Vietnutne6e &st-t.t~ he &w." 8, The demographic Vietnamiration has greatly been stepped up since September 1982, when the Hanoi leadera ordered their puppets in Phnom Penh to issue a circular (240 SRM, CHH) on the implementat ion of the directives concerning the reception of the Vietnamese settlers. The establishment of these Vietnamese nationals have also been facilitated and encouraged by Hanol’a puppet regime’s successive “decrees” urging “the Khners to consider as an obllgcrtion in extending solidarity with the Vietnamese brothers” by helping the Vietnamese to settle, building new houses and shar lag lands. This kind of Vietnamlzation process has further been accelerated by the signing between Nguyen Co Thach and Hun Sen on 20 July 1983 of an “agreement” on the status of the people living at the borders between Vietnam and Cambodia, as well as a “treaty” on the solution of the border problems between the two countries. 9. In this regard, it should be stressed that all “treaties” and “agreements” signed or concluded by Vietnam and the Phnom Penh regime cannot be def inltely considered genuine International agreements, however correct in form. Indeed, it is a matter of common knowledge that the so- called “Cambodian government” headed by Hun Sen is nothing but Hanoi’s creation and instrument brought into Cambodlot by Vietnamese panzer divi- ejons in late December 1978. Its legal ilclL:urs is easy to define: it ia &lot wha;: it pretends to be; it can by no means act on behalf of Cambodia end her people. As an organ of a foreign state, it has 110 right whatso- ever to speak or Issue any law binding the Cambodian State recognized by the United Nations. As such, all the “agreements” and “treaties” signed by Vietnam and Its puppets are merely Vietnamese decrees disguised as “agreements” which Vietnam in fact consludes with itself. As a mtltter of fact, following the “treaties” on territorial and sea boundaries signed reepectively on 7 July 1982 and 12 !!ovember 1982 and the 20 July 1983 “treaty”, a new and “official” delimitation of the national border between the two countries “with the elm of build?ng a common border of lasting peace and friendship-” (Nhan Dan of 5 Mmch 1986) has been established which amounts to obliterating the jnternationally recognized borders between Cambodia and Vietnam. T+at explains why in every political lecture, the Cambodians living under Vietnamese occupation “are taught tha’: there is no boundary between Cambodia and Vietnam as they are brotherly countries.” They have also been urged by Vietnamese “experts” “not to think of the previous frontier, but to plainly think of this frontier as the ‘new Cambodia’ frontier controlled by the Vietnamese forces” (reports collected by / *.