CHAPTER 3 QUIZ 1. When did statistical methods begin to change archaeology? a. in the 1950s b. in the 1970s c. in the mid-1980s d. only within the last few years 2. The search for universal laws that govern cultural change is a goal of __________. a. cognitive archaeology b. the "new" archaeology c. post-processual archaeology d. antiquarianism 3. Which of the following people advocated the use of the scientific method in archaeology? a. Albert Spaulding b. V. G. Childe c. Lewis Binford d. Richard Lee 4. The ideas of Lewis Binford emphasized __________. a. the importance of the scientific method in archaeology b. the role of the individual in prehistory c. the importance of chronology d. the use of humanistic methods in archaeology 5. Which approach is not of processual archaeology in nature? a. systems-ecological approach b. meaning is more important than materialism c. cultural ecology d. deductive-nomological approach 6. When it is stated that many perspectives on ancient society have been neglected, archaeologists are referring to __________. a. cultural ecology b. processual archaeology c. passive archaeology d. postprocessual archaeology 7. The emphasis on systems theory, the scientific method, and new approaches to ecology constitute __________. a. postprocessual archaeology b. middle-range theory c. general systems theory d. processual archaeology 8. What is the notion that human cultures accept or reject new traits on the basis of whether they are advantageous to the society as a whole? a. unilinear theory b. cultural selection c. cultural ecology d. Social Darwinism 9. Which process explains the mechanism by which new ideas or culture traits spread from one person to another or from one group to another, often over long distances? a. invention b. ecology c. diffusion d. migration 10. Postprocessual archaeologists believe that __________. a. people actively shape their culture b. people are passive actors within their culture c. archaeologists should focus more on material culture d. archaeologists should be more concerned with dating techniques .