ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Paläontologie Jahr/Year: 2009 Band/Volume: 31 Autor(en)/Author(s): Sylvestrou Ioanna A., Kostopoulos Dimitris S. Artikel/Article: The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection - 12. Suidae 283-297 ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Beitr. Paläont., 31:283—297, Wien 2009 The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection 12. Suidae by Ioanna A. Sylvestrou** & Dimitris S. Kostopoulos** Sylvestrou, I.A . 8 c Kostopoulos, D.S., 2009. The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection. 12. Suidae. — Beitr. Palaont., 31:283-297, Wien. Abstract 1. Introduction New suid material from Samos is described and com­ Suid material from Samos is rare. Thenius (1950) de­ pared to that from old Samos collections. Apart from a scribed a sub-adult skull (Fig. 1) of a small suine as a new partially preserved skull ofPropotamocherus of unknown subgenus Postpropotamochoerus hyotheriodes (Schlosser, stratigraphic origin the rest of the Samos suid specimens 1903), a species that is currently placed into an unnamed belong to a population of large-sized Microstonyx major., species of Propotamochoerus P ilgrim, 1926 (de Bonis 8 c and this study adds some more information on the sexual Bouvrain, 1996; van der M ade 8 cM oya-S ola, 1989; dimorphism of the species.Microstonyx major appears to be van der M ade et al., 1999). Although Bernor et al. constantly present in the whole chronological succession of (1996) place this form in the Main Bone Beds Member Samos mammal assemblages but it shows a size reduction of Mytilinii Formation of Samos (W eidmann et al., towards late Turolian. 1984) in co-existence with Microstonyx, the stratigraphic provenance of the material studied byT henius (1950) is Keywords: Late Miocene, Samos, Greece, Mammalia, unknown and thus chronological suggestions are highly Suidae, Systematics. speculative. In contrast to the rare Propotamochoerus, Samos collections in several Museums and Institutions include important, Zusammenfassung though not abundant, large suine specimens assigned to the widespread genus Microstonyx (Pilgrim, 1926). Re­ Neues Suidenmaterial von Samos (Griechenland) wird cent studies and reviews of this taxon recognize a single beschrieben und mit Material aus den alten Sammlungen species M. major (Gervais, 1848) of Turolian age (Liu et verglichen. Abgesehen von einem teilweise erhaltenen al., 2004,2005), whereas the VallesianSus antiquus K aup, Schädel von Propotamochoerus von unbekannter stratigra­ 1833 is transferred to Hippopotamodon Lydekker, 1887 phischer Herkunft, stammen alle anderen Suidenfunde (Fortelius et al., 1996; Bernor 8 c Fessaha, 2000). von Samos aus einer Population der großen FormMicrost­ M. major appears at the very beginning of Turolian(K o­ onyx major. Diese Studie bringt zusätzliche Informationen stopoulos, 1994) and is known from almost every Turo­ zum Geschlechtsdimorphismus der Art. Microstonyx major lian site of the Greco-Iranian province, showing however dürfte in der ganzen chronologischen Abfolge der Samos a quite complicated history that is probably controlled Säugetiervergesellschaftung anwesend gewesen sein, zeigt by ecological factors (Liu et al., 2004). The 1994-2006 aber eine Größenreduktion gegen Ende des Turoliums. excavations in the Mytilinii Basin of Samos (Koufos et al., 1997) brought to light a new Microstonyx sample from Schlüsselworte: Obermiozän, Samos, Griechenland, Mytilinii-1 A (M TLA) site to light, which is studied here Mammalia, Suidae, Systematik. in combination with the old material. Abbreviations: NHMA(Aegean Museum of Natural His­ tory), AMNH (American Museum of Natural History), MGL 5 Dr. Ioanna A. Sy l v e s t r o u &Dr. Dimitris S. K o s t o p o u l o s , (University of Lausanne), NHNW (Natural History Museum Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Department of Geology. of Vienna), NHML (Natural History Museum London) and Laboratory of Geology and Palaeontology. GR-54124 Thes­ MNHNP (Museum national d’ Histoire naturelle, Paris); upper saloniki, Greece, e-mail: [email protected], dkostop@ geo. case letters (I, C, P, M) for upper teeth; lower case letters (i, c, p, auth.gr m) for lower teeth; D/d for milk teeth; L = length; W = width; ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien 284 Beitr. Palaont., 31, Wien, 2009 Figure 1: Propotamochoerus sp. from Samos, NHMW-expositi- on. Scale bar 2 cm. W l, W2, W3 = width of the anterior lobe, posterior lobe and Q5: part of opisthocranium, AMNH20769; palate with talon/talonid respectively; DAP = anteroposterior diameter P2-M3 dex and sin, AMNH20653; palate with P2-M3 dex and sin, AMNH20795; left mandible with ml-m2, AMNH20795. 2. Systematics M GL: skull specimen with P1-M3, MGL S197, Ste­ fano. Family Suidae G ray, 1821 NHMW: skull specimen, NHMW A4789; mandible Subfamily Suinae G ray, 1821 with il-m 3 dex and il-c sin, N H M W 1911v211. The provenance of the material is unknown but judging from Genus Microstonyx Pilgrim, 1926 the type of fossilization it seems that it could originate from the lower fossil horizons. Microstonyx major (Gervais, 1848) Description: The skull specimen (MTLA-537) is well- Localities - Ages: preserved and belongs to an adult male individual (M2 Mytilinii-1 A (MTLA), Adrianos ravine; middle Turolian in moderate stage of wear) (PI. 1, Figs. 1-3). The skull (MN12), 7.1-7.0 M y is large and typically Microstonyx-Yike (Table 1). The Quarry 4 (Q4), Potamies ravine; early middle Turolian posterior part of the skull is strongly elevated. The oc­ (MN11), <7.3 M y ciput is large, triangular shaped, concave in its middle, Quarry 1 (Ql), Adrianos ravine; middle Turolian (MN12), and ending upwards into a strong and straight nuchal 7.1-7.0 M y crest. The temporo-parietal region is concave. The fronto­ Quarry 5 (Q5), Limitzis; early late Turolian (MN13), parietal region is flat and wide, marked laterally by the 6.9-67 M y well-developed parallel-running parietal crests. The nasal MGLS Stefano (MGLSs), Stefana Hill, late early Turolian bones are elongated, broad and slightly concave in their (MN11), 76-7.4 My distal part; their posterior end is placed above M3, while The material from NHMW has no locality indication. the nasal notch is situated above the anterior level of the alveolar crests. The zygomatic arches are strong, signifi­ Studied Material: cantly extended laterally and prolonged to the front with N H M A: skull, MTLA-537; mandible with p2-m3 dex a short and rather weak facial crest, whose anterior end and sin, MTLA-300; right mandible with p2-m3, MTLA- is placed above the middle of M l. The orbit is small and 479; snout with incisors and canine, MTLA-10; distal oval-shaped, with a large and moderately deep lacrymal part of radius, MTLA-428; astragalus, MTLA-375; left notch. The anterior rim of the orbit is placed well behind metacarpal IV, M TLA-383; distal part of left metacarpal M3. The alveolar crests are strongly developed with III, MTLA-384. rough surfaces. In ventral view, the occipital condyles AMNH: are small, the choanae opens more than 10 mm behind Q4: left and right milk tooth row with DP1-M1, AM- M3, the palate is elongated and narrow and the muzzle NH20797A; left juvenile mandible with dp2-ml and right is oval-shaped. The P i is missing and the canine is small juvenile mandible with dp3-ml, AMNH22882; compared to the skull size and oval shaped. A fragmentary Q l: right juvenile maxilla with DP3-M1, AMNH 20616. part of an opisthocranium at the AMNH (AMNH20769) ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Sylvestrou, I.A. & Kostopoulos, D.S., Suidae. 285 105 -i Figure 2: Lower and upper premolar-molar ratio in sev­ A 100 - eral populations of Microstonyx m a jor from SE Europe. Data □ from G a u d r y (1873), T r o f im o v 95 - (1954), K o s t o p o u l o s (1994), O d e B o n is Sc B o u v r a in (1996), E O 90 - K o s t o p o u l o s et al. (2001), £ A ♦ Liu et al. (2005), Sy l v e s t r o u Sc K o s t o p o u l o s (2006), and 85 - personal data. 80 - Abbreviations: Samos-MTLA: M ytilinii-lA, Samos, Greece; Samos-Q5: Q5, AMNH, Sa­ 75 -I-------------------------- .------------------------:--------------------------- 1-------------------------- i mos, Greece; Samos-W: un­ 45 50 55 60 65 known locality, NHMW, Sa­ Lp2-p4 mos, Greece; Samos-MGL: 105 n Stefano, MGL, Samos, Greece; PER: Perivolaki, Greece; VTK: Vathylakkos, Greece; PIK: 100 - Pikermi, Greece; DTK: Dytiko, Greece; NIK: Nikiti-1, Greece; X ■ M AR: Maragheh, Iran; LUB: 95 - Mont Luberon, France; KAL: rr, Kalimantsi, Bulgaria; AKK: £ Akkasdagi, Turkey; GRE: Gre- beniki, Ukraine; TAR: Taraklija, J 90 - A Ukraine. A ▲ 85 - ♦ 80 — I----------------------1------------------------ 1----------------------- 1-----------------------1----------------------- i----------------------- 1----------------------- i----------------------- 1 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 LP2-P4 ■ Samos-MTLA ♦ Samos-Q5 A Samos-W • Samos-MGL XNIK A VTK O PIK ♦ MAR ■ LUB AKAL • AKK -GRE ■ TAR □ DKT OPER from Q5 is also similar to M TLA-537, and according to The skull M G L S197 from Stefano is strongly damaged, its strong parietal crests, it should also belong to a male lacking most of the occiput, the muzzle and the entire individual.The skull N H M W A4789 is weakly compressed zygomatic arches, and therefore cranial morphometrical medio-laterally and lacks the opisthocranium (PI.