VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY “Jnana Sangama”, Belagavi, Karnataka, India – 590 018 PROJECT REPORT ON “DELINEATION OF WATERSHED AND ESTIMATION OF DISCHARGE OF RIVER SHIMSHA USING GIS” Submitted in Partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Submitted by BHARATA H S 1CG12CV006 DARSHAN K H 1CG12CV011 PAVAN S 1CG13CV412 SPOORTHY SADASHIV SHANUBHOG 1CG12CV043 Under the guidance of, Mr. MANJUNATHA M KATTI M.Tech. Assistant Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering CIT, Gubbi. Sponsored by, KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru - 560012 CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution) (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi & Recognized by AICTE, New Delhi) N.H.206 (B.H. Road), Gubbi, Tumakuru, Karnataka – 572 216 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 2015 – 2016 Dedicated for a healthy, prosperous and green environment and for the welfare of Tumakuru District OUR TRIBUTE TO THE PRE-EMINENT ENGINEER OF INDIA Image Source: http://guruprasad.net/wp- content/uploads/2013/09/sir-mv.jpg BHARAT RATNA SIR M VISVESVARAYA 1860 - 1962 ABSTRACT Geographical Information System (GIS) is an effective tool to perform many operations such as digitization, delineation of streams in a watershed. This tool can be efficiently used to carry out hydrological analysis and hence used for sustainable watershed management projects. In the process, the watershed of River Shimsha was delineated and discharge estimation was carried out using toposheets from Survey of India (Scale 1:50,000) and satellite based remote sensing digital elevation model (DEM). GIS tool (QGIS) was used to perform morphometric analysis for the above to derive stream characteristics and stream orders. Using Strange’s table, the yield of runoff from the catchment was estimated. The study revealed that a minimum of about 3.3 TMC or an average of 4.94 TMC of water can be accumulated annually out of the Shimsha drainage basin. This is a considerable quantity of water which calls for a sustainable water resource management. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The satisfaction accompanying the successful completion of any task would be incomplete without mention of the people who made it possible by their support and guidance which had been a constant source of encouragement that crowned our efforts with success. First and foremost, we have to thank our parents and family for their love and moral support throughout our lives. They have equipped us with everything we need. At the outset we express our most sincere thanks to our college, “CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY”, for providing us an opportunity to pursue the degree course in Civil Engineering thus help in shaping our carrier. We take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude to our beloved Director and Principal, Dr. Suresh Kumar D. S, for facilitating us with all the required infrastructure and resources during our stay with CIT. Our special gratitude to Dr. Sudhi Kumar G. S, Head of Dept., Civil Engineering., CIT, Gubbi for his constant guidance, encouragement, appreciation and cooperation throughout the course. We express our sincerest thanks to our project coordinator and guide, Mr. Manjunatha M Katti, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering CIT, Gubbi for his guidance and suggestions in carrying out this work. We would like to express grateful thanks to all the teaching staff of Department of Civil Engineering for the guidance and encouragement throughout the course. We also would like to extend our humble thanks to non-teaching staff of Department of Civil Engineering for their cooperation. Also we acknowledge, Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) for sponsoring this project and a platform to present this project in the 39th series of Student Project Programme (SPP). We sincerely thank Mr. H. B. Mallesh, Assistant Executive Engineer, Hemavathi Neeravari Nigama, Tumakuru for his timely assistance and guidance. ii It is an honour and privilege to convey our heart-felt gratitude for Dr. Sudhira H.S, Director, Gubbi Labs, Gubbi for his time, assistance, guidance and generous support in the successful completion of the project. He helped us throughout our project by inspiring and encouraging us with his suggestions. Our humble thanks to everyone at various organizations and departments who have cooperated and supported us by providing the required data for this work. Mr. Chikkasubbiaha, Joint Director, ARC and Mr. Vasanth, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Karnataka, M S building, Bengaluru Mr. Rajanna, District Statistical Officer, DC office, Tumakuru and Mrs. Chethana B, Statistical Inspector, District Statistical Department, DC Office, Tumakuru Mr. Sethuramsingh, AEE, Sira and to Mrs. Suchitra, Assistant Engineer, Minor Irrigation Department, Tumakuru Mrs. Shylaja, Mr. Srinivasa murthy, Mr. Lingaraju, Panchayat Raj Engineering Department, Zilla Panchayat, Tumakuru Friends have always been our source of timely help and immeasurable support. We thank all our friends for being with us. Finally, we are thankful to everyone who directly or indirectly supported for the successful completion of the project. Thanking everyone… Digital Cartographers: Bharata H S Darshan K H Pavan S Spoorthy Sadashiv Shanubhog iii CONTENTS Abstract ............................................................................................................................. i Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... ii Contents .......................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures ................................................................................................................. vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................. vii List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................... vii List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................... viii Chapter 1 .............................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 General ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives .............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Literature review .................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................................. 3 Hydrology and Water Resources ..................................................................................... 3 2.1 Introduction and definition .................................................................................... 3 2.2 Precipitation ........................................................................................................... 3 2.3 Runoff .................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 Stream .................................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Strahler stream order .............................................................................................. 7 2.6 Watershed .............................................................................................................. 9 2.7 Delineation of watershed ..................................................................................... 10 2.8 Rainfall-Runoff estimation .................................................................................. 11 2.9 Strange’s table ...................................................................................................... 11 2.10 Water resource management .............................................................................. 13 Chapter 3 ............................................................................................................................ 14 Geographic Information System (GIS) .......................................................................... 14 iv 3.1 General ................................................................................................................. 14 3.2 Data representation in GIS ................................................................................... 15 3.3 Geo referencing .................................................................................................... 16 3.4 Digitization .......................................................................................................... 16 3.5 Remote Sensing ................................................................................................... 16 3.6 Applications of GIS ............................................................................................. 17 Chapter 4 ...........................................................................................................................