Vol. 8 Núm. 23 /Noviembre - diciembre 2019 565 Artículo de investigación Regional aspects of research of agricultural enterprises of ecological orientation Региональные аспекты исследования сельскохозяйственных предприятий экологической направленности Региональные аспекты исследования сельскохозяйственных предприятий экологической направленности Aspectos regionales de investigación de empresas agrícolas de orientación ecológica Recibido: 22 de agosto del 2019 Aceptado: 18 de septiembre del 2019 Written by: Roman V. Kapinos230 Nikolaj M. Echin231 Natalya I. Chovgan232 Olga S. Akupiyan233 Dmitriy P. Kravchenko234 Abstract Аннотация The article is devoted to the study of the Статья посвящена исследованию economic phenomenon of eco-settlement in the экономического феномена экопоселения в regional economy. The author's interpretation of экономике региона. Введено авторское the concept of regional economy is introduced, толкование понятия региональной the classification of regional farms according to a экономики, проведена классификация number of criteria is carried out. A new definition региональных хозяйств по ряду критериев. of eco-settlements is proposed. The classification Предложено новое определение эко- of modern eco-villages is given. A number of new поселений. Дана классификация and traditional eco-settlements have been современных эко-сел. Ряд новых и thoroughly investigated. The importance of eco- традиционных эко-поселений были settlements for the economy, ecology and society тщательно исследованы. Показана важность is shown. The study was performed within the эко-поселений для экономики, экологии и research work of the educational-scientific общества. Работа выполнена в рамках laboratory of regional economy cooperation and научно-исследовательской работы учебно- integration, agriculture, development of rural научной лаборатории регионального territories of the Belgorod state agricultural экономического сотрудничества и UNIVERSITY named after V. Gorin, supervisor- интеграции, сельского хозяйства, освоения associate Professor R. V. Kapinos (in the сельских территорий Белгородского framework of the agreement No. 6.9.30 of 28 государственного сельскохозяйственного March 2018.) in the framework of the internal университета им. В. Горина, научного grant of Belgorod state agricultural руководителя-доцента Р. В. Капиноса (в UNIVERSITY (order No. 202-3 from 18.04.19). рамках договор № 6.9.30 от 28 марта 2018 г.) 230 Candidate of economic Sciences, associate Professor, Department of economic theory and Economics of agroindustrial complex of Belgorod state agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin, researcher at the Belgorod theological Seminary (with a missionary orientation) 231 Candidate of sociological Sciences, associate Professor, Department of economic theory and Economics of agroindustrial complex of Belgorod state agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin 232 Candidate of economic Sciences, associate Professor, Department of economic theory and Economics of agroindustrial complex of Belgorod state agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin 233 Candidate of economic Sciences, associate Professor, Department of economic theory and Economics of agroindustrial complex of Belgorod state agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin 234 Candidate of economic Sciences, associate Professor, Department of economic theory and Economics of agroindustrial complex of Belgorod state agrarian University named after V. Ya. Gorin Encuentre este artículo en http://www.udla.edu.co/revistas/index.php/amazonia-investiga o www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307 Kapinos, R., Echin, N., Chovgan, N., Akupiyan, O., Kravchenko, D /Vol. 8 Núm. 23: 565 - 573/ Noviembre - diciembre 2019 566 Key Words: Regional economy, eco-settlements, в рамках внутреннего гранта Белгородского economy, ecology, definition, classification of государственного сельскохозяйственного farms, principles of eco-settlements. университета (приказ № 202-3 от 18.04.19 г.). Ключевые слова: региональная экономика, экопоселения, экономика, экология, определение, классификация хозяйств, принципы экопоселения. Resumen El artículo está dedicado al estudio del fenómeno económico del eco-asentamiento en la economía regional. Se introduce la interpretación del autor del concepto de economía regional, se lleva a cabo la clasificación de las granjas regionales de acuerdo con una serie de criterios. Se propone una nueva definición de eco- asentamientos. Se da la clasificación de las ecoaldeas modernas. Se han investigado a fondo varios asentamientos ecológicos nuevos y tradicionales. Se muestra la importancia de los eco-asentamientos para la economía, la ecología y la sociedad. El estudio se realizó dentro del trabajo de investigación del laboratorio educativo-científico de cooperación e integración de la economía regional, agricultura, desarrollo de territorios rurales de la UNIVERSIDAD agrícola estatal de Belgorod que lleva el nombre de V. Gorin, profesor supervisor asociado RV Kapinos (en el marco de el acuerdo n. ° 6.9.30 de 28 de marzo de 2018) en el marco de la concesión interna de la UNIVERSIDAD agrícola estatal de Belgorod (orden n. ° 202-3 del 18.04.19). Palabras clave: Economía regional, eco-asentamientos, economía, ecología, definición, clasificación de fincas, principios de eco-asentamientos. Introduction The concept of regional economy, despite what 1) Simple regions; was proposed in the middle of the last century, is 2) Regions-conglomerates. still in the process of its final formation. From the point of view of the ecological By regional economy can be understood: situation: 1) Part of the territorial (local, regional) 1) Ecologically clean regions. economy – the economy of the village, 2) Moderately polluted regions. town, city. 3) The Regions most dangerous to human 2) Part of the national economy-the life. economy of the region, the Republic, In terms of environmental impact: the land. 3) Part of the world economy – the 1) Regions with low environmental national economy. impact. 2) Regions with an average degree of But "region" we can allocate not only on environmental impact. territorial coverage, but also by degree of 3) Regions with a high degree of influence on: environmental impact. − Other economic entities; By the degree of influence on public policy: − On all society (society): 1) Regions that determine state policy; 1) Points of active (intense) influence; 2) Regions-lobbyists of local interests; 2) Points of passive (short-term, 3) Regions that are politically indifferent. intermittent) influence; 3) Indifferent point – have no effect. In terms of growth rates: By degree of difficulty: 1) The most developed regional economies; Encuentre este artículo en http://www.udla.edu.co/revistas/index.php/amazonia-investiga o www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307 Vol. 8 Núm. 23 /Noviembre - diciembre 2019 567 2) Regressive regions; Minimum use of technical devices in 3) Stagnant regions. everyday life; Religious ideology that unites a group At the same time, eco-settlements can operate of settlers; within any of the following types of regional Maximizing collective labor; economy: at the village level, the town, even Maximization of collective property. within the city, often acting as a backbone of the settlement; both within the region with a growing However, not in every eco-village we can find all economy, and in conditions of stagnating and the signs listed by us: in some eco-villages there even regressing regions. is no or very little collective property, collective labor, folk crafts, while the technique can be Latest research and publications analysis widely used both in the economy and in everyday life. Among the characteristic features of almost W. Isard (1952, 1956, 1960, 1971, 1975, 1979, all eco-villages can be identified: 1986, 1988, 1992) the concept of "regional economy" is introduced and an attempt is made 1) Environmental cleanliness of products, to show that the regional economy is a deeply products and services; integrated entity, including an economy based on 2) Striving for maximum minimization of demographic and social changes, and a society the impact on the environment; based on economic transformations. Various 3) Confessional ideology, forming a team eco-settlements have always been an integral part of like-minded people. of such a regional integrated economy. Among modern theorists of development of regional Classifying eco-settlements from the point of farms it is necessary to name widely known V. view of ideology, it is possible to distinguish: Megre (1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2010), who proposed the original concept 1. Ideological – a classic example-Tolstoy of ancestral possessions. Thanks to scientific community, all economic life which expeditions and theoretical research of associate was based on the ideas of Leo Tolstoy. Professor R. V. Kapinos (2014, 2015, 2018) and In the last century were extremely Academician M. Ya. Lemeshev (2013) problem common around the world – from ecovillages in recent years, it has become Siberia to Japan, from the United States increasingly relevant in economic science. to South Africa. 2. Religious-monasteries, old believer The purpose of the research communities. Some of the old believer farms have existed for two or three give a clear definition of the concept of eco- hundred years continuously, some of settlement and determine its place in the regional the monastery farms for 1,000 years or economy. more. 3. Political – the kibbutzim. To this day, Key results of the