total area of the district. Kollam is located on the banks of Ashtamudi Lake. Neendakara, a major fishing port in southern Kerala, is also located on this scenic lake. Edava and Nadayara Lakes are also partly located in Kollam district. Kollam district is moderately industrialized. Government enterprises namely; Indian Rare Earths Limited and Parvathi Mills are among the important industrial units in Kollam. Kerala Ceramics Ltd. (Kundara), Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company, Kerala Premo Pipe Factory, Kerala Minerals and Metals Limited, United Electrical Industries‐Kollam and Kerala Agro‐Fruit Products are state‐government‐owned companies. Other industries are Thomas Stephen & Co., Floorco, Cooperative Spinning Mill and Punalur Paper Mills.Kollam is well‐ connected to rest of the country by bus and train service. It also has an IWT terminal which has 30m berthing space with 200 sqm covered godown and 400 sqm open storage. In the base year, region handled around 2.38 million tonnes potential IWT traffic comprising 0.82 million tonnes of originating and 1.56 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Out of this, traffic likely to get diverted to proposed IWT services, arrived at using various assumptions described earlier, is estimated to be 0.50 million tonnes comprising 0.22 million tonnes of originating and 0.27 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Traffic: Projected divertible traffic through at Kollam Terminal Kollam Total Traffic (MT) Year Org. Termi. Total 2011‐12 0.67 1.20 1.87 2021‐22 1.99 2.23 4.22 2031‐32 3.68 5.14 8.82 Imp Com. Fertilizer, Food grains, General Goods Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 90 Road Connectivity: A 2km two‐lane road connecting proposed IWT Terminal to the National Highway 47/ National Highway 208 is of 7m wide with 10m base width. This is required to be strengthened for catering heavy vehicle movement. At normative prices, a sum of Rs.2 Crore is kept in for strengthening this stretch. The satellite imagery of road connectivity is given below: Rail Connectivity: Kollam falls under Trivandrum Division of Southern Railway.The Terminal is at a distance of about 2.80km from the Kollam Railway station. The land strip along the alignment is to be acquired for Railway connectivity. The development cost for rail connectivity is estimated as Rs.21.20 crores and the land cost for this strip of land is considered as Rs.11.11crore on normative prices. Thus a total sum of Rs.32.31 crore is estimated for this connectivity. Estimated traffic is also justifying the need of rail connectivity to the terminal. Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 91 Total Development Cost: It is envisage that a sum of Rs. 69 crores is required for the development of IWT Terminal at Kollam. The breakup costs of investment required are detailed as follows: 1Waterway development : Rs. 25 crores Road Connectivity : Rs. 2 crores Rail Connectivity : Rs. 32 crores Terminal Development Cost : Rs. 10 crores Total Investment : Rs. 69 Crores 4.5.4 TERMINAL AT ALAPPUZHA Alappuzha is the sixth largest city in Kerala with picturesque canals, backwaters, beaches, and lagoons are an important tourist destination in India. The Backwaters of Alappuzha are the most popular tourist attraction in Kerala. Coir is the most important commodity manufactured in Alappuzha. There is also a Coir Research Institute functioning at Kalavoor. The economy of the district is predominantly based on agriculture and marine products. The agricultural activities predominantly revolve around Kuttanad region. Though the district is industrially backward, some traditional industries based on marine products, handlooms, Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 92 different types of handicrafts, toddy tapping, have been active.Alappuzha is also well connected by road through NH‐47. The city is accessible by air, rail, road and water. Cochin International Airport, which is 78 kms to the North, is the closest airport. One major rail line passes through Alappuzha. It is linked by rail to cities of the country. Alappuzha is also being provided with an IWT terminal to handle goods traffic, which is under construction. In the base year, region handled around 2.70 million tonnes potential IWT traffic comprising 0.97 million tonnes of originating and 1.73 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Out of this, traffic which is likely to get shifted to IWT services are estimated to be 0.72 million tonnes comprising 0.29 million tonnes of originating and 0.43 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Traffic: Projected divertible traffic through at Alappuzha Terminal Alappuzha Total Traffic ( MT) Year Org. Termi. Total 2011‐12 1.58 0.98 2.56 2021‐22 1.26 1.84 3.10 2031‐32 3.23 3.25 6.48 Imp Com. Food Grains, Fertilizer Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 93 Road Connectivity: The proposed terminal is already connected with a two lane road of 10m wide to State Highway 40 and thereby connecting NH‐47. To strengthen for heavy vehicle movement, a provision of Rs.2 crore is kept in the estimates. The satellite imagery indicating the connectivity is depicted in the figure below; Rail Connectivity: Rail connectivity to this terminal is found not feasible from the nearest railway station as the alignment has to pass through the congested city. Also,the traffic is not adequate enough that warrants an exclusive rail connectivity. Total Development Cost: It is envisaged that a sum of Rs. 37 crores is required for the development of IWT Terminal at Alappuzhac. The breakup costs of investment required are detailed as follows: Waterway development : Rs. 25.0 crores Road Connectivity : Rs. 2.0 crores Terminal Development Cost : Rs. 10 crores Total Investment : Rs. 37 Crores Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 94 4.6 CONNECTIVITY IN PROPOSED TERMINLAS AT NATIONAL WATERWAY‐4 National Waterway 4 (NW‐4) comprises Kakinada‐Puducherry Canal System integrated with Rivers Godavari and Krishna. NW‐4 can offer cost effective IWT services over a distance of about 1078 km covering states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Union Territory of Puducherry. “National Transport Development Policy Committee (NTDPC) Report ,”estimated potential IWT traffic of about 4.85 million tonnes in the year 2019‐20 and 9.82 million tonnes by the year 2029‐30. Important commodities likely to be handled by the IWT services on this corridor are given in Table below: Cargo Potential on NW‐4 (in MMT) SN Commodity 2019‐20 2029‐30 1 Coal 2.27 4.22 2 Rice 0.90 2.01 3 Food grains 0.31 0.69 4 Cement 0.31 0.76 5 Fertilisers 0.41 0.77 6 Forest products 0.19 0.42 7 Salt 0.14 0.29 8 Other General Cargo 0.32 0.66 Total Cargo Potential 4.85 9.82 In the current exercise, it is estimated that out of total potential base year traffic relevant for the entire IWT corridor under study worked out to 84.09 million tonnes. Under most likely scenario, total divertible traffic to be dealt with at the proposed IWT terminals worked out to about 35.73 million tonnes having 17.86MT as originating traffic. In the terminal year of the study (in 2031‐32) traffic is anticipated reach 104.25 million tonnes having 52.12 million tonnes as originating traffic under most likely scenario The following terminals are proposed under NW‐4 National Nearest SN. Name of IWT Terminal Nearest Railhead Gauge Waterways NH/SH NW 4 1 Kakinada/Kakinada Port NH ‐ 214 Kakinada BG NW4 2 Muktiyala /Guntur SH Guntur BG NW4 3 Vijayawada NH ‐ 9 Vijayawada BG Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 95 NATIONAL WATERWAY NO : 4 Identified IWT Terminal: 3 4.6.1 TERMINAL AT KAKINADA/ KAKINADA PORT East Godavari District with headquarters at Kakinada is the most populous district of the state. East Godavari district is also known as the rice bowl of Andhra Pradesh with lush paddy fields and coconut groves. Kakinada is part of a Special Economic Zone and a proposed "Petroleum, Chemical and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR)". It is a hub to all the deep sea exploratory activity in the region due to its deep‐water sea port and its proximity to the gas fields. Integrated National Waterways Transportation Grid Study (Stage 1 of Phase II) 96 It is well connected with rest of the country with rail and road. There is an anchorage port at Kakinada for handling goods traffic. Besides, a deep sea all weather port established by a private sector also exists here. In the base year, region along with the Kakinada port handled around 11.064 million tonnes potential IWT traffic comprising 6.49 million tonnes of originating and 4.56 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Out of this, traffic likely to get shifted to IWT services are estimated to be 4.37 million tonnes comprising 2.84 million tonnes of originating and 1.53 million tonnes of terminating goods traffic. Traffic: Projected divertible traffic through at Kakinada Terminal Kakinada Total Traffic ( MT) Year Org. Termi. Total 2011‐12 4.13 3.20 7.33 2021‐22 6.07 4.40 10.47 2031‐32 12.05 8.90 20.95 Imp Com. Container, Fertilizer Road Connectivity: Good roads connect Kakinada with all the places within the state and rest of the country. NH‐214 from Kathipudi to Ongole (both on NH‐5) passes through Kakinada. A couple of state highways connect Kakinada to Rajahmundry and other places within the district.