Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: SODIUM NITRITE Synonyms: Anti-Rust; Diazoting Salts; Erinitrit CAS Number: 7632-00-0 Chemical Name: Nitrous Acid, Sodium Salt RTK Substance Number: 2258 Date: August 2009 Revision: March 2016 DOT Number: UN 1500 Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE Sodium Nitrite is an odorless, yellowish white, crystalline Hazard Summary (sand-like) granule, rod or powder. It is used in heat transfer Hazard Rating NJDHSS NFPA salts, metal treatment and finishing, as a color fixative and HEALTH 2 - preservative for meats and fish, in pharmaceuticals, and as an FLAMMABILITY 0 - antidote for Cyanide poisoning. REACTIVITY 1 - OXIDIZER POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE Reasons for Citation MAY REACT EXPLOSIVELY WITH HYDROCARBONS Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; Sodium Nitrite is on the Right to Know Hazardous 4=severe Substance List because it is cited by DOT, DEP and EPA. Sodium Nitrite can affect you when inhaled and may be absorbed through the skin. Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. Inhaling Sodium Nitrite can irritate the nose and throat. High levels of this substance can reduce the blood’s ability to transport Oxygen, causing headache, fatigue, dizziness, and SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. a blue color to the skin and lips (methemoglobinemia). Exposure to very high levels can cause trouble breathing, FIRST AID collapse and even death. Sodium Nitrite can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, Eye Contact diarrhea and abdominal pain. Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Workplace Exposure Limits Skin Contact No occupational exposure limits have been established for Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin with water. Sodium Nitrite. However, it may pose a health risk. Always follow safe work practices. Inhalation Remove the person from exposure. It should be recognized that Sodium Nitrite may be Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if absorbed through your skin, thereby increasing your breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. exposure. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. EMERGENCY NUMBERS Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802 SODIUM NITRITE Page 2 of 6 Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data There is limited evidence that Sodium Nitrite may damage Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product the developing fetus in animals. ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Other Effects Sodium Nitrite can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New diarrhea and abdominal pain. Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet, available on the RTK website (http://nj.gov/health/workplacehealthandsafety/right-to- know) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard Medical Communication Standard file. Medical Testing If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the You have a right to this information under the New Jersey following is recommended: Worker and Community Right to Know Act, the Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act Blood methemoglobin level if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and are a private worker. present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most exposure. employers to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public employers to provide their employees with Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right information concerning chemical hazards and controls. to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide similar information and training to their employees. This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. Health Hazard Information Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Sodium Nitrite: Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. Inhaling Sodium Nitrite can irritate the nose and throat causing coughing and wheezing. High levels of this substance can reduce the blood’s ability to transport Oxygen, causing headache, fatigue, dizziness, and a blue color to the skin and lips (methemoglobinemia). Exposure to very high levels can cause trouble breathing, collapse and even death. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Sodium Nitrite and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard There is no evidence that Sodium Nitrite causes cancer in animals. This is based on test results presently available to the NJDHSS from published studies. SODIUM NITRITE Page 3 of 6 Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or Wear eye protection with side shields or goggles. sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less If additional protection is needed for the entire face, use in toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures combination with a face shield. A face shield should not be include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely used without another type of eye protection. irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single Respiratory Protection exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on should only be used if the employer has implemented a written workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control program that takes into account workplace conditions, Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and The following work practices are also recommended: medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). Label process containers. Provide employees with hazard information and training. At any detectable concentration, use a NIOSH approved Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. negative pressure, air-purifying, particulate filter respirator Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed with an P95 filter. More protection is provided by a full recommended exposure levels. facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. greater protection is provided by a powered-air purifying Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous respirator. material. Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or Always wash at the end of the workshift. cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes Sodium Nitrite, (2) while wearing particulate filters abnormal contaminated. resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye irritation Do not take contaminated clothing home. occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. Check to Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good, being handled, processed or stored. you may need a new respirator. Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. applying cosmetics or using the toilet. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as In addition, the following may be useful or required: vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean- operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. mode. For increased protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an emergency escape air cylinder. Personal Protective Equipment The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate Fire Hazards personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard employees on how and when to use protective equipment. (29 CFR 1910.156). The following recommendations are only guidelines and may Sodium Nitrite is not combustible, but it is a STRONG not apply to every situation. OXIDIZER that enhances the combustion of other substances.