I SERAPHIM Studies in Education and Religion in Ancient and Pre-Modern History in the Mediterranean and Its Environs Editors Peter Gemeinhardt · Sebastian Günther Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler · Florian Wilk Editorial Board Wolfram Drews · Alfons Fürst · Therese Fuhrer Susanne Gödde · Marietta Horster · Angelika Neuwirth Karl Pinggéra · Claudia Rapp · Günter Stemberger George Van Kooten · Markus Witte 11 II III Paul and Moses The Exodus und Sinai Traditions in the Letters of Paul Edited by Florian Wilk Mohr Siebeck IV Wilk, Florian, born 1961; studied Protestant Theology at the Universities of Göttingen and St. Andrews; 1996 Dr. theol, University of Jena; 2001 Habilitation, University of Jena; 2003 Pro- fessor of New Testament at the University of Göttingen. ISBN 978-3-16-159490-8 / eISBN 978-3-16-159867-8 DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-159867-8 ISSN 2568-9584 / eISSN 2568-9606 (SERAPHIM) Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbib- liographie; detaillierte bibliographische Daten sind über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. © 2020 Mohr Siebeck Tübingen. www.mohrsiebeck.com Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlags un- zulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für die Verbreitung, Vervielfältigung, Übersetzung und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Das Buch wurde von Computersatz Staiger in Rottenburg/N. aus der Minion gesetzt, von Hubert & Co. in Göttingen auf alterungsbeständiges Werkdruckpapier gedruckt und gebunden. Umschlagabbildung: Mose und Paulus. Secco-Malereien in der Apsis der Stiftskirche zu Bassum. Heinrich Schröer 1866/69. Fotos: Marco Gallmeier, Bassum. Printed in Germany. V Preface T he present volume contains essays which originated in an international sympo- sium, Paulus und Mose. Zur Deutung der Traditionen um Israels Aufenthalt am Sinai und in der Wüste durch den Völkerapostel (Paul and Moses. T he Interpreta- tion of the Sinai and Desert Wandering Traditions by the Apostle to the Gentiles), held May 30 – June 1, 2019, at the Ländliche Heimvolkshochschule Mariaspring near Göttingen. T hose who participated specialize in Judaic and New Testament Studies. In gathering a group of scholars from Belgium, Canada, Germany, Israel, the UK and the USA, the organizer sought to bring together approaches to and perspectives on the study of Paul’s interpretation of Scripture that come from dif- ferent backgrounds and sometimes proceed in relative isolation from one another. At the same time, the colloquy was convened with the purpose of implementing the agenda of the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB 1136) “Bildung und Religion in Kulturen des Mittelmeerraums und seiner Umwelt von der Antike bis zum Mit- telalter und zum Klassischen Islam” at the University of Göttingen in the context of research into the reception of the biblical narratives about Moses in the letters of Paul. T he fruitful conversations during the symposium prompted the request that the participants expand their papers into essays which could be published in a congress volume, and thankfully, most of them were willing and able to do so. T he editor owes a great debt of gratitude to the individuals and institutions that have supported the work of the symposium and the publication of the pres- ent volume. I thank the team of the Ländliche Heimvolkshochschule Mariaspring who kindly hosted the conference as well as the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for providing generous funding. I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of my doctoral student Konrad Otto in planning, convening and running the collo- quy. Sincere thanks are due as well to Elke Schikora and Ulrike Schwartau for their support in organizing the workshop; to the editorial board of SERAPHIM who accepted the manuscript into the series; to Lena Jung and Dr. J. Andrew Cowan who assisted me in doing the editorial work and preparing the indices; to my friend Herbert Köhler who provided the photographs for the cover illustration; and to the staff at Mohr Siebeck who saw to the process of publication. Göttingen, June 10, 2020 Florian Wilk VI VII Table of Contents Preface ............................................................ V Florian Wilk / J. Andrew Cowan Introduction ....................................................... 1 Ulrike Mittmann Mose in der antik-jüdischen Literatur ................................. 7 A. Andrew Das Israel’s Exodus Outside Paul’s Corinthian Correspondence ............... 53 J. Ross Wagner “When the Commandment Came”: T he Giving of the Law in Galatians and Romans . 67 Roy E. Ciampa T he Function of 1 Cor 10:1–22 within Its Literary Context (1 Cor 8–11): Food for T hought .................................................. 83 Matthias Konradt „Geschrieben zu unserer Ermahnung“. Beobachtungen zu den Schriftrekursen in 1Kor 10,1–11 .................. 101 B. J. Oropeza 1 Corinthians 10:1–22 in Light of the Corinthians’ Knowledge of Scripture ............................................. 121 Florian Wilk Zur Funktion von 2Kor 3,4–18 in seinem literarischen Zusammenhang .... 139 VIII Table of Contents Scott Hafemann Like and Unlike Moses: Paul’s Eschatological Comparisons in 2 Corinthians 3 ................... 155 Cana Werman What was Handed Down by Moses and When? 2 Corinthians 3 in Light of the Second Temple Writings ................. 181 Bibliography ....................................................... 209 List of Contributors ................................................. 231 Index of Ancient Sources ............................................ 235 Index of Modern Authors ........................................... 261 Index of Subjects ................................................... 267 1 Introduction* Florian Wilk / J. Andrew Cowan T he title of the present volume points to an area of research that has only in re- cent times received significant attention. While Paul’s citation of words from the “Scriptures” and his reflections on the “law” have been subjected to intense and varied examination over the course of the last 150 years1, the reception of the bibli- cal narrative context for “Moses” (Exod–Deut) by the apostle to the Gentiles in and of itself was largely ignored for a long period of time. However, at least since the debate about the concept of “intertextuality” penetrated New Testament scholar- ship and especially Pauline research in the 80s of the previous century2, awareness of “the importance of attending to the many and diverse ways in which Paul ex- presses his dependence on the Jewish Scriptures” grew; and because among these ways “reappropriations of biblical stories” play a large role3, Paul’s reception of the figure of Moses and the basic narrative of Israel dealing with the exodus, the giving of the law, and the wilderness wandering naturally came into view.4 T he present volume is devoted to the further enlightening of this reception of the biblical narratives about Moses in the letters of the apostle Paul. To this end, it addresses the process of reception in the context of the Göttingen Collabora- tive Research Center SFB 1136 “Bildung und Religion” / “Education and Religion” (2015–2020). In the context of this association, the editor and his team perceive and value the use and interpretation of “Scripture” documented within Paul’s let- ters in the example of the Corinthian correspondence as a process of religious education [Bildung].5 T his approach allows one to take a close look at this sort of process of reception with its three basic aspects as an interrelationship “between: a) the teacher’s own education, that is, his or her learning and life experience, b) the education sought for and/or by the other party, that is, the knowledge, insights, * T his introductory essay was developed within the framework and with the support of the Göttingen Collaborative Research Center “Religion and Education” (sub-project B 02: “Scriptural Exegesis as Educational Process in Paul’s Letters”). 1 For overviews, see Hultgren 2014 and Wagner 2014. 2 Cf. esp. Hays 1989. 3 Cf. Stanley 2012: 322. 4 Cf., e.g., Démann 1963; Saito 1977: passim; Sänger 1995: 114–119; Hasitschka 1999: 129– 132; Lierman 2004: passim. 5 On this, cf. Wilk 2017; Wilk 2019a; Wilk 2019b. 2 Florian Wilk / J. Andrew Cowan skills, and mindset to be acquired, and c) the education that is accomplished in the encounter of the one with the other, that is, the communicatively mediated teach- ing and learning process”6. Accordingly, the tradition-historical background, the situational context, the literary shaping, and the communicative intention of that process of reception are particularly significant in this volume. Materially, it is concerned above all with the two passages in 1 Corinthians 10 and 2 Corinthians 3 that clearly and at length take up certain stages of the biblical narratives about Moses. With its concentration on these passages, the project stands, as it were, in the middle between the classic research on Paul’s use of Scripture that is oriented towards “citations” and more recent attempts to identify a “grand thematic narra- tive” as the background to the epistolary unfolding of Pauline theology7. In terms of its structure, the present volume is divided into three parts. T he first contains three essays that explain the Jewish premises for Paul’s reception of Mo- ses and the configuration of this reception in the apostle’s other letters. T he second and third parts are