Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 329 4th International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2019) Experience in Qiandongnan: Discussion on the Protection and Development Path of Traditional Villages* Pan Chen Xiaoqin Ye School of History and Ethnology School of History and Ethnology Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities Duyun, China 558000 Duyun, China 558000 Abstract—Currently, there are 409 traditional villages in the current situation of the protection of traditional villages Qiandongnan Prefecture (Southeast Guizhou), ranking first in in South Guizhou Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture the prefecture-level cities nationwide. The experience of (hereinafter referred to as "Qiannan Prefecture"), this paper traditional village protection in Qiandongnan is summarized as primarily sums up the experience that Qiandongnan “the government exerts its strength and perfects its policies; Prefecture acquired in the protection and development of linkage and cooperation, planning first; all-in-one effect, traditional villages in Qiandongnan Prefecture, and explores demonstrative effect; public concern, and holding meetings to the protection and development route of traditional villages promote construction”. Qiannan Prefecture (South Guizhou) in Qiannan Prefecture. should make up for its own shortcomings by learning from and drawing on the experience of Qiandongnan Prefecture and taking advantages of the national culture, make planning for II. ORIGIN OF THE RESEARCH traditional villages based on the corresponding support policies During 2012~2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban- in Guangzhou, and create a boutique tourism route by taking Rural Development of PRC (MOHURD), together with the chance of the Green Exposition. relevant departments, successively organized traditional village surveys for several times, and incorporated 4,153 Keywords—traditional Chinese village; protection; Qiandongnan; experience villages having important protection values into the “Chinese Traditional Villages List” in four batches, covering 272 prefecture-level cities nationwide. On Dec.10, 2018, I. INTRODUCTION MOHURD announced the list of villages that are included in Traditional villages refer to those which were early the “Chinese Traditional Villages List” for the last time established, have rich traditional resources, have certain (subtotal: 2,646 villages; total: 6,799 villages). According to historical, cultural, scientific, artistic, social and economic the selection of the first four batches of traditional villages, values and thus worth of being protected. 1The traditional totally 545 traditional villages in Guizhou Province are villages gradually formed in the process of a long-term incorporated into the Chinese Traditional Villages List, inheritance of farming civilization bear the memory of accounting for about 13.1% of the total number of traditional history and reflect the progress of civilization. Traditional villages in China, ranked second in China (Yunnan Province villages not only have the functions of historical and cultural ranked the first in China). After issuing of the fifth batch of inheritance, but also have important value for promoting the list, the number of traditional villages in Guizhou included in progress of agricultural modernization and the construction the List reaches 725, accounting for 10.66% of the total of ecological civilization. number, ranking first in the whole China, highlighted the achievements of Guizhou Province in the protection and Southeast Guizhou Miao and Dong Autonomous development of traditional villages. Prefecture of Guizhou Province (hereinafter referred to as "Qiandongnan Prefecture") has achieved good results in the Up to 2018, the number of traditional villages in Qiannan protection and development of traditional villages. Based on Prefecture included in the List reaches 69, with the total number ranking third in Guizhou Province, followed after *Fund: Phased Achievement of the 2017 Research Project of the First- Qiandongnan Prefecture and Tongren City. Among them, 52 Class Culturology of Sociology in Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities "Research on the Change of Folk Customs in Traditional traditional villages are in Sandu Shui Autonomous County, 8 Villages of Qiannan"; 2019 Theoretical Innovation Topic of Qiannan traditional villages are in Pingtang County, 7 traditional Prefecture "Research on the Protection and Development Path of villages are in Libo County, and 2 traditional villages are in Traditional Villages in Qiannan Prefecture" (Qnzskl-2019-31) Duyun City. As an important town having traditional cultural resource in Guizhou Province, Qiannan Prefecture has some 1 MOHURD, the Ministry of Culture, National Cultural Heritage Administration and the Ministry of Finance's Notification about Carrying shortcomings in the protection and development of its out Survey on Traditional Villages (JC[2012]No.58) [Z].2012-04-16. traditional villages. The shortcomings are mainly as follows: Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 1653 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 329 A. The Traditional Village Protection Ideas Are Unclear measures for the protection and development of the Qiannan Prefecture successively issued the "Plan for traditional villages, and establish coordination mechanism to Protection and Development of Ethnic Minority Villages and solve major problems in the protection and development of Towns in Qiannan Prefecture (2016-2020)" and the "Three- the traditional villages". According to the current public year Action Plan for the Protection and Development of information, it is found that no matter in the level of Qiannan Ethnic Minority Villages in Qiannan Prefecture (2018- Prefecture or the city level such as Duyun City, Pingtang 2020)". In April 2018, Qiannan Prefecture established a County, Libo County and Sandu Shui Autonomous County leading group for the protection and development of villages in charge of the traditional villages, the “strengthening of with ethnic characteristics. The office is located in the traditional village protection” is incorporated into the 13th Prefecture Ethnic and Religious Commission and is Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social responsible for the daily work of the protection and Development, providing a basis for the protection and development of villages with ethnic characteristics in the development of traditional villages; in addition, projects for whole Prefecture. In the planning, the plan and the leading comprehensive improvement of environment in traditional group, where "villages (towns) with ethnic characteristics" is villages have been steadily advanced, laying certain concerned, the actual content includes traditional villages foundation for the next step of protection and development. and characteristic villages. Traditional villages focus on However, the required leading group for the protection and “protection”; and characteristic villages focus on development of traditional villages has not yet been “development”. The two concepts with obvious difference established; and the preparation of the traditional village are still mixed, indicating that the government-level protection and development plan has not yet been fully understanding still needs to be strengthened. completed. B. The Extent of Protection and Development of C. The Tourism Development of Traditional Village Is Lack Traditional Villages Is Not Enough of Endogenous Motivation In 2015, the People's Government of Guizhou Province Traditional villages in Qiannan Prefecture have rich issued the “Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the natural resources, ethnic resources and cultural resources. Protection and Development of Traditional Villages”. In this However, in the 69 traditional villages, except that Raogu Opinions, each city and Prefecture are required to establish a village in Libo County develops tourism industry by virtue traditional village protection and development work leading of Maolan the development of the tourism industry in the group to be responsible for the preparation of the overall Maolan national nature reserve, the remained traditional implementation plan for the protection of traditional villages villages have low popularity and have not yet formed in the region, and to complete the preparation of protection tourism brand. It is difficult to attract tourists. The reasons and development plan for the 426 villages listed in the List in are mainly due to the poor transportation conditions, 2015, and report the plan to the MOHURD after subjecting imperfect infrastructures, homogenization of tourism to technical review of the provincial department of housing resources, scattered traditional villages, and the difficulties in and urban-rural construction, and compile the plan for forming tourist routes. protection and development of all traditional villages in the whole province in 2017. On Aug. 3, 2017, the 29th Session III. THE PRACTICE AND MODE OF PROTECTION OF of the Standing Committee of the 12th People's Congress of TRADITIONAL VILLAGES IN QIANDONGNAN PREFECTURE Guizhou Province approved the "Regulation for the Protection and Development of Traditional Villages in A. Overview of Traditional Villages in Qiandongnan Guizhou Province". From the