GREATER PHOENIX METRO GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE HANDBOOK LOW-IMPACT DEVELOPMENT DETAILS FOR ALTERNATIVE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT JANUARY 2019 Prepared for in Collaboration and Member with Communities Greater Phoenix Metro Green Infrastructure HANDBOOK Low-Impact Development Details for Alternative Stormwater Management Prepared for With funding from By the team of Cover Image Credit: Marion Brenner Scottsdale Museum of the West Landscape Architecture by Colwell Shelor i | GREATER PHOENIX METRO GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE & LID HANDBOOK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SCOTTSDALE CITY COUNCIL SPECS & STANDARDS CORE TEAM REVIEW TEAMS & TEAM LEADERS Mayor W.J. "Jim" Lane Tim Conner, City of Scottsdale City of Apache Junction Sam Jarjice Councilwoman Suzanne Klapp Leigh Padgitt, City of Phoenix Flood Control District of Maricopa County Councilmember Virginia Korte Harry Cooper, Flood Control District of Harry Cooper Maricopa County Councilwoman Kathy Littlefield City of Glendale Anne Reichman, ASU Sustainable Cities Network Councilwoman Linda Milhaven Monica Rabb Councilman David N. Smith City of Goodyear David Ramirez Councilman Guy Phillips GRANTORS City of Mesa Arizona Department of Environmental Quality Laura Hyneman Trevor Baggiore, Edwina Vogan, & Jade Dickens SCOTTSDALE CITY MANAGER City of Phoenix Water Infrastructure Finance Authority of Arizona Leigh Padgitt Jim Thompson Sara Konrad, Trish Incognito, & Brandon Nguyen City of Scottsdale Tim Conner City of Tempe SCOTTSDALE PROJECT MANAGER CONSULTANTS Christina Hoppes Tim Conner Dibble Engineering ASU Sustainable Cities Network Logan Simpson Anne Reichman ORGANIZING PARTNER ASU Sustainable Cities Network OTHER SUPPORTING CITIES Green Infrastructure Workgroup City of Avondale Specs & Standards Subcommittee City of Gilbert City of Peoria GREATER PHOENIX METRO GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE & LID HANDBOOK | ii ACRONYM LIST AASHTO American Association of State MAG Maricopa Association of Highway and Governments Transportation Officials (Uniform Standard Specifications and Details for Public Works Construction, AMA Active Management Area 2018 Revision to the 2015 Edition) ASTM American Society for Testing and MPH Miles Per Hour Materials NRMCA National Ready Mix Concrete ASCE American Society of Civil Association Engineers PSI Pounds Per Square Inch ADA Americans with Disabilities Act PPM Parts Per Million ADEQ Arizona Department of Environmental Quality SCN Sustainable Cities Network ASU Arizona State University TSDS Technical Standard Details and Specifications BMP Best Management Practice UofA University of Arizona BSM Biorentention Soil Media WIFA Water Infrastructure Finance CPI Concrete Pavement Institute Authority ESAL Equivalent Single Axle Load °F Fahrenheit FCDMC Flood Control District of Maricopa County FPS Feet Per Second GI Green Infrastructure ICPI Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute LID Low Impact Development Location: ASU Polytechnic Campus Credit: FCDMC iii | GREATER PHOENIX METRO GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE & LID HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS PARTNERS .......................................................i 4. STORMWATER HARVESTING BASINS ...31 9. DOMED OVERFLOW STRUCTURE ..........57 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..................................ii 4.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................32 9.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................58 4.2 Design Considerations ............................................................32 9.2 Design Considerations ............................................................58 ACRONYM LIST .............................................iii 4.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................33 9.3 Construction Considerations ................................................58 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................iv 4.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................33 9.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................58 4.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ...........................33 9.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................58 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION .........................1 4.6 Specifications .............................................................................33 9.6 Specifications .............................................................................58 5. VEGETATED OR ROCK BIOSWALE .........35 SECTION 3: LANDSCAPE DETAILS & INTRODUCTION ............................................1 5.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................36 SPECIFICATIONS ...........................................60 HYDROLOGIC DESIGN ANALYSIS ................3 5.2 Design Considerations ............................................................36 5.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................37 GEOLOGIC SETTING ...................................60 OVERVIEW OF THE SELECTION ...................4 5.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................37 GENERAL NOTE .............................................5 5.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................37 SOILS ............................................................60 5.6 Specifications .............................................................................37 MARICOPA ASSOCIATION OF PLANT PALETTE ..........................................61 GOVERNMENTS ............................................6 6. BIORETENTION SYSTEMS ......................41 MAINTENANCE ............................................62 6.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................42 RECOMMENDATIONS AND GUIDELINES ...62 SECTION 2: DETAILS & SPECIFICATIONS ......7 6.2 Design Considerations ............................................................42 6.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................43 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................63 1. PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS .........................7 6.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................44 1.1 Applicability and Advantages ................................................ 8 6.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................44 SPECIFICATIONS .........................................63 1.2 Design Considerations .............................................................. 9 6.6 Specifications .............................................................................44 GUIDELINES .................................................63 1.3 Hydrologic Function .................................................................. 9 7. CURB EXTENSION ...................................47 GLOSSARY ...................................................78 1.4 Structural Design Requirements ..........................................10 7.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................48 1.5 Underdrains ...............................................................................11 7.2 Design Considerations ............................................................48 REFERENCES ................................................79 1.6 Construction Considerations ...............................................11 7.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................48 1.7 Maintenance ..............................................................................11 7.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................49 1.8 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................11 7.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................49 APPENDICES 7.6 Specifications .............................................................................49 A. Rain Gauge Measurements ...................................................A1 2. CURB OPENINGS ......................................23 B. Rainfall Tables ............................................................................B1 2.1 Applicability and Advantages: .............................................24 8. BIORETENTION PLANTER ......................51 C. Additional Plant Lists ..............................................................C1 2.2 Design Considerations ............................................................24 8.1 Applicability and Advantages ..............................................52 2.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................24 8.2 Design Considerations ............................................................52 2.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................24 8.3 Construction Considerations ...............................................53 LIST OF TABLES 2.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................24 8.4 Maintenance ..............................................................................53 Table 1. Application of Permeable Pavers .................................... 8 2.6 Specifications .............................................................................24 8.5 Compatibility with Other LID Practices ............................53 Table 2. Operation and Maintenance Tasks for Permeable 8.6 Specifications .............................................................................53 Pavements .........................................................................................12 3. SEDIMENT