Martoska, FFV1 and FLAC Table of Contents for Audio-Visual Preservation acronyms «raw» formats • Y′CBCR 4:2:2 Reto Kromer • AV Preservation by reto.ch • RGB or R′G′B′ 4:4:4 International Archives Day CERN, Geneva, 2017–06–09 1 2 Standardisation IETF SMPTE Internet Engineering Task Force • CineForm/VC-5, ProRes, AXF • voluntary Internet standards ISO • open standard organisation • TI/A • volunteers IETF • EBML, Matroska, FFV1 und FLAC ➔ https://www.ietf.org 3 4 CELLAR EBML Codec Encoding for LossLess Archiving and Extensible Binary Meta Language Realtime transmission binary XML format EBML • • open source • Matroska • FFV1 and FLAC • ➔ https://github.com/Matroska-Org/ ebml-specification ➔ https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/cellar/ 5 6 Matroska (.mkv) FFV1 • «extensible media container» FFmpeg Video codec 1 [FF = Fast Forward] based on EBML «simple and efficient lossless intra-frame • • only video codec» • open source • open source ➔ https://github.com/Matroska-Org matroska-specification ➔ https://github.com/ffmpeg/ffv1 7 8 FLAC Free Lossless Audio Codec «fastest and most widely supported • lossless audio codec» Data is anything • open source but «raw». ➔ https://github.com/privatezero/ flac_markdown 9 10 Y′CBCR 4:2:2 RGB or R′G′B′ 4:4:4 from: from: • MOV / 10 or 8 bit «uncompressed» • folder, TAR or ZIP / TIFF 16 bit • AVI / 10 or 8 bit «uncompressed» • MXF / DPX 16, 12 or 10 bit • MP4 / 10 or 8 bit «uncompressed» • AXF / JPEG 2000 to: to: • Matroska / FFV1 • Matroska / FFV1 11 12 What is inside my DPX? Today: Archive Master • log neg encoding Film • log RGB encoding, quasi-log encoding • folder, TIFF, 2K, RGB, 4:4:4, 16 bit • TAR, DPX, 2K, R′G′B′, 4:4:4, 10 bit • gamma encoding, power function encoding Video scene-linear encoding • • AVI, Y′CBCR, HD, 4:2:2, 10 bit • Matroska, FFV1, HD, Y′CBCR, 4:2:2, 10 bit Sound • BWF, 96 kHz, 24 bit • WAVE, 96 kHz, 24 bit 13 14 Today: Mezzanine Today: Access Video MP4 • HD, Apple ProRes 4444 Video • HD, Apple ProRes 422 HQ • HD, H.264, yuv420p, «lossy» • HD, Avid DNxHD 175x Sound Sound • AAC, 44.1 kHz, 16 bit • BWF, 48 kHz, 24 bit • WAVE, 48 kHz, 24 bit 15 16 Archive [and Mezzanine] Access Film WebM (a subset of Matroska) • Matroska, FFV1, 2K, «RGB», 4:4:4, 16 bit Video Video • HD, «H.264», yuv420p • Matroska, FFV1, HD, Y′CBCR, 4:2:2, 10 bit Sound Sound «WAV», 48 kHz, 16 bit • Matroska, FLAC, 96 kHz, 24 bit • 17 18 Reading AV Preservation by reto.ch Reto Kromer: «Matroska and FFV1: One chemin du Suchet 5 • File Format for Film and Video Archiving?», 1024 Écublens in «Journal of Film Preservation», n. 96 Switzerland (April 2017), FIAF, Brussels, Belgium, p. 41–45 Web: reto.ch Twitter: @retoch Email: [email protected] ➔ https://retokromer.ch/publications/ JFP_96.html 19 20.