pNo. L-&G b RESTW;CTED Public Disclosure Authorized This report is restricted to use within the Bank. INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT Public Disclosure Authorized THE SEYHAN RrVER MULTIPURPOSE PROTECT IN' Public Disclosure Authorized TURKEY April* 1952 Public Disclosure Authorized Loan Department PLEASE RETURN TO RrPORTS DESK CONVERSION RATES FOR TURKISH CURRENCY us $1 TL 2.825 TL 1 US $0.354 TL 1,000,000 - US $353,982 1 kurus = 1/100 TL =US $0.0035 THE SElri`N ?IJV-.P , :.T?UPOSE PROJECT IThDEX Page Perspectiveof Proposed Seyhan Dam ................. Frontispiece Summary and Conclusions ...................... Preface I. Purpose and Scope of Report ....... ................... 1 II. Descriptionof the Project ........................, 1 III. Streamflow Data on the Seyhan River, *.............. IV. Fcundation Conditions for the Dam ......... h4........ V. Estimated Cost of the Project .. '****ft****....* * 5 VI. Schedules of Constructionand Expenditures , . 7 V:II. Allocation of Costs to the .Aultipurpose Aspects of the Project **ftft**ft*****ft*ft*.ft.ft.*.ftft*...... 8 VIII. lIanagement ............. ., *..... 10 IX, Justification of the Project .............,........., ,2. X. Revenues, Expenses and Net Earnings ................ 16 XI. Recommendations *so***.......... 21 APPENDICES Table I Estimated Electric Power Consumptionin Seyhan Power DistributionArea Table II Cukurova Po;er Utility Company, Estimates of Revenue and Operating Jxpenses Table III IrrigationPhase of Project, Income and Operating Expenses Table IV Income, Expenses, and Net Returns from Operation of lulti- purpose Project Table V Economic Benefits of iultipurposeProjeot Sketch Mrp of Adana Region PLEASE RETURN TO REPORTS DESK 7714- -41,11~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # : D4 ............. -r 0 t . ::W:j . , e I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~P-01:c I .,N !-',, ?- o o.>\t? - WE - aii c V,,IN 4 a c i s tS~~~~~~~~~~~ - SU2 ARY ANJDCONCLUSIONS The proposal submitted by the Government of Turkey as a basis of a Barikloan involves the construction of a dam across the Seyhan River near Adana, a hydroelectricpols:er-generating plant, and a power transmissionsystem. These works are the predominantpart of a comprehensivedevelopment Project to provide flood protection, irrigation,and electric power in the Adana plain. The total cost of this Project is the equivalentof about $67 million, of which about $1O.5 million has been spent to date. The phase of this Project presented for Bank financingamounts to approxirately$36 million, and the Bank is being asled to provide the foreign exchange costs of this phase, $25.2 million. Constructionwill begin in the mid-year months of 1952 and will be completed by mid-year 1956. The irrigation canals will be constructedafter the comple-. tion of the dam and appurtenancesto be financed by the proposed loan. 1. The site selected for the proposed dam and the type of structure designed both seem suitable, consideringexisting conditions. 2. The foundation conditionsof the proposed dam are poor and extra- ordinary precautionswere necessaryin the design and specificationsto pro- vide a seal to minimize leakage. An independentappraisal by a board of corsultants,experienced in this type of construction,recommended the design featureswhich vrereadopted in the final design prepared by the International EngineeringCompany. 3. The progranifurnished the Bank by the Turkish Government indicates that the remainingphases of the Project will be carried to completion. 4, A multipurposedain of this nature requires exceptionallycompetent management,both during constructionto assure ccerdinationof its several aspects and in subsequent years to assure proper control and use of the water resources, and to safeguard a valuable property. 5. The managerial and financial policy fixed by Cabinet decree seems basically sound. It establishes the power facilities as a profit making enterprise, the irrigation operations as a non-profit and largely self-support- ing service, and the flood control service as a governmental financial respon- sibility. 6. The estimatesof power use included in this report wreresupplied by the Turkish Government and no independent check was attempted. They appear to be optimistic but could be substantially discounted without seriously affect- ing the justification of the Project for multipurpose operation. It is probable that full use vill be made of the povier and water from the Project, although not within the time period predicted by the Government. 7. The viorksto be financed by the Bank require from the outset the services of an engineering organization experienced in this type of construction to complete working drawings, advise in the award of contracts, and to supervise constructionfor compliancevwith plans and specifications. 8. Similarly, these works require the selectionof a contractorwith experience in building this type of structure, in order to assure experienced workmanship in carrying out plans and specifications. 9. Cost estimatesare believed to be conservativeand adequate to provide for the constructioncosts of facilities included in the project. 10. Although a four-year construction program is conten:latedby the Government,a three-yearconstruction schedule may be desirablefrom the stand- point of economy and to provide the benefits of the project at the earliest feasible date. Invitationsfor alternatebids for the shorter construction period would indicate its practicability,, 11. From a technicaland business viewpoint.theProject seems an appropriateone for considerationby.the Bank for a loan. THE SEYHAiNRITVR !1ULTIPURPKSEPROJECT IN T1UPJIY I. Purpose and Scope of this Report This report presents an appraisal of the Seyhan River project which has been submittedby the Government of Turkey as the basis for a loan from the Bank. The analysis of the technicaland business aspects of the Project is a revision of an earlier report dated April 13, 1950. The scope of the project for which a loan is requestedhas been revised, earlier cost estimates have been adjusted and supportinginformation brought up to date. This report is based on a detailed investigationof the projectby Mr. J.R. deFargues, Engineering Consultant to the Bank, on engineering studies and designs prepared for the Governmentof Turkey by the InternationalEngineer- ing Company, Inc. of San Francisco, California,and on recent data and informa- tion supplied by the Government of Turkey. The investigationof the Project has been quite complete and comprehensive. It provides the necessaryinformation for consideringthe Project as a basis for a loan to Turkey. Principalfeatures of the Project are presented in this report, along with detailedestimated costs and probable earnings. Conclusionsare stated as to the basis on which a loan for the Project might be considered. II. Descriptionof the Project The Project is a multipurposedevelopment involving the - constructionof a dam across the Seyhan River near Adana, a hydroelectric poviergenerating plant, a power transmissionsystem, flood contrel and irriga- tion works. The direct benefits of the development rillbe comfined to the Adana plain in Southern Turkey. This plain is triangularin shape wIitha base on the i•editerraneancoast of about 80 kilometers,having sides about 65 kilo- meterslong terminatingat the city of hdana. The plain is actually a delta formed by three rivers and contains some of the best agricultural land in Turkey. The cities of Adana, Tarsus and iJersinlocated in this area are importantindustrial centers. The proposed location of the dam is at the only site available for a dam on the Seyhan, if adequate reservoir capacity is to be obtained and if all its tributaries are to be controlled, and hence the site must be utilized in spite of poor fcundation conditions. The Seyhan dam, regulatingthe dovmstream-flow of the Seyhan River, will- serve three purposes, namely, flood control, irrigationand power genera- tion. The need of flood protection for the Adana plain has been recognized for centuries, Irrigationhas also become a necessity to increase the agri- cultural productivityof the plain and to permit the raising of additional and more valuable crops. Industries for processing agriculturalproducts of the region would need cheap and abundant electric power. All these considerations led to the multipurpose development of vrhichthe proposed dam is the pre- dominant feature. -2- This comprehensive plan of development is the outcome of an evalua- tion of numerous alternative development possibilities which were investigated. The proposed system of irrigation for the area provides for the utilization of almost the entire dependable flowv of the headvwater streams and for the irriga- tion of the maximum area of the most suitable lands that can be served.' Storage for poa,'rer and the appurtenant structures are planned to obtain the ma=Snum generat'ion of electricity practicable from the vwater released from the reservoir.' Storage for flood control will result in an appreciable reduction in the flood peak and levees are designed to carry the outflow. Stages of Construction Construction of the comprehensive development is planned Ln four successive stages. Included in Stage I are the flood control wrorks pre- viously started and rhich vrill be completed at the end of 1952, and a portion of the irrigation system. Construction of wrorks included in Stage II, scheduled to start in 1952, is now under consideration for Bank financing. The dam and power features will be constructed in this