Corporate Governance and Climate Change Consumer and Technology Companies December 2008 A Ceres Report Authored by RiskMetrics Group Ceres 99 Chauncy Street Doug Cogan Boston, MA 02111 Megan Good T: 617-247-0700 Geri Kantor F: 617-267-5400 Emily McAteer www.ceres.org ©2008 Ceres Ceres commissioned this report from RiskMetrics Group. Ceres is a national coalition of investors, environmental groups and other public interest organizations working with companies to address sustainability challenges such as global climate change. Ceres directs the Investor Network on Climate Risk, a group of more than About the Authors 70 institutional investors from the US and Europe managing over $7 trillion in assets. The authors of this report are members of RiskMetrics’ Climate Risk Management Team. RiskMetrics Group is a leader in the disciplines of risk management, corporate Doug Cogan leads this team and has more than 20 years of experience in studying investment governance and financial research & analysis. It analyzes a broad spectrum of risk responses to climate change. Prior to joining RiskMetrics Group, he worked with the Investor for financial institutions and corporations worldwide. Responsibility Research Center and Institutional Shareholder Services, where he wrote several other publications for Ceres and the Investor Network on Climate Risk, including two prior RiskMetrics Group wrote and prepared this report for informational purposes. editions of Corporate Governance and Climate Change: Making the Connection. His co- Although RiskMetrics exercised due care in compiling the information contained herein, authors on this report are climate change senior analysts Megan Good and Geri Kantor and it makes no warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness or usefulness research analyst Emily McAteer. of the information, nor does it assume, and expressly disclaims, any liability arising out of the use of this information by any party. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not constitute an endorsement by RiskMetrics Group. Changing About RiskMetrics Group circumstances may cause this information to be obsolete. RiskMetrics Group is a leading provider of risk management products and services to financial market participants. By bringing transparency, expertise and access to the financial markets, This report was made possible through grants from the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, RiskMetrics helps investors better understand and manage the risks inherent in their financial the Energy Foundation, the Nathan Cummings Foundation, the Blue Moon Fund, portfolios. Solutions address the market, credit, portfolio, governance, accounting, legal and the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Foundation, and the Marisla Foundation. environmental risks of clients’ financial assets. Headquartered in New York with 19 offices The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author and do not worldwide, RiskMetrics Group serves more than 2,300 institutions and 1,000 corporations in necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. 50 countries. For more information, please visit www.riskmetrics.com. The authors wish to thank the Carbon Disclosure Project for providing company responses to its sixth annual questionnaire, which offered vital information to About Ceres complete the report’s individual company profiles. Ceres is a national coalition of investors, environmental groups, and other public interest Jim Coburn, Peyton Fleming, Anne Kelly, Mindy Lubber, Andrea Moffat and organizations working with companies to address sustainability challenges such as climate Meg Wilcox of Ceres also provided valuable insights and editing suggestions. change. Ceres also directs the Investor Network on Climate Risk, a group of more than 70 Ceres wishes to thank the Investor Network on Climate Risk (INCR) members institutional investors from the US and Europe managing over $7 trillion of assets. INCR who helped develop this report, and additional members of the Ceres team who was launched at the Institutional Investor Summit on Climate Risk at United Nations edited the report: Amanda Howard, Matt Moscardi, Kristen Parkinson and Brian Sant. Headquarters in 2003. The purpose of INCR is to promote better understanding of the risks of Maggie Powell of Maggie Powell Designs, Inc. produced the final report. climate change among institutional investors. For more information, visit www.ceres.org and www.incr.com. Copyright 2008 by Ceres Copyrighted RiskMetrics Group material used with permission by Ceres For more information, contact: Anne Kelly Ceres, Inc. Director of Governance Programs 99 Chauncy Street Ceres, Inc. Boston, MA 02111 99 Chauncy St., 6th Floor www.ceres.org Boston, MA 02111 [email protected] RiskMetrics Group Inc. www.ceres.org One Chase Manhattan Plaza www.incr.com 44th Floor New York, NY 10015 www.riskmetrics.com Table of Contents Foreword by Mindy Lubber, President, Ceres . 3 I . Executive Summary . .5 II . Key Findings Climate Governance . 16. Operations . 24. Product Design and Promotion . .37 Supply Chain Management . .41 Appendices Company Profile Key . .46 Sample Company Profile . 48. Individual company profiles can be accessed online at: www.ceres.org/publications Exhibits 1 . Sector breakdown of companies . 8. 2 . Regional breakdown of companies . 8. 3 . Average scores and ranges by sector . .12 4 . Key performance indicators of climate change governance . .17 5 . McKinsey Global Survey: climate change responsibility . .18 6 . Securities filings disclosure . 20. 7 . Company GHG emissions and energy use reduction targets . .24 8 . Absolute emissions reduction targets . .27 9 . Water risks for key sectors . .29 10 . Beverage producers’ water use . 29. 11 . Energy cost comparison: Energy Star-labeled v . typical building . 31. 12 . Companies developing climate-related products and services . .38 13 . Carbon footprinting: Tesco laundry detergent . .40 14 . Supply chain GHG emissions: Carrefour’s Chambourcy hypermarket . 41. Corporate Governance and Climate Change: Consumer and Technology Companies 1 Acronyms BOMA – Building Operators and Managers IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Association IPO – Initial Public Offering BREEAM – Building Research Establishment ISO – International Standards Organization Environmental Assessment Method JI – Joint Implementation CaCX – California Climate Exchange KW – Kilowatt CCX – Chicago Climate Exchange KWh – Kilowatt hour CDM – Clean Development Mechanism LEED – Leadership in Energy and Environmental CDP – Carbon Disclosure Project Design CER – Certified Emission Reduction MDG – Millennium Development Goals CHP – Combined Heat and Power MTCE – Metric Tons Carbon Equivalent CO2 – Carbon Dioxide MW – Megawatt CO2e – Carbon Dioxide Equivalent MWh – Megawatt hour CR – Corporate Responsibility NASA – National Aeronautics and Space CSR – Corporate Social Responsibility Administration ECX – European Climate Exchange NGO – Non-Governmental Organization EHS – Environment, Health & Safety PPM – Parts Per Million EMS – Environmental Management System REC – Renewable Energy Certificate EPA – Environmental Protection Agency SME – Small & Medium Enterprise ESCO – Energy Service Company SRI – Socially Responsible Investment ESG – Environmental, Social and Governance UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme EUA – EU Emission Allowance UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on EU ETS – European Union Emissions Trading Scheme Climate Change FTE – Full Time Equivalent USCAP – United States Climate Action Partnership GHG – Greenhouse Gas USGBC – United States Green Building Council GRI – Global Reporting Initiative VER – Verified Emission Reduction HVAC – Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning WBCSD – World Business Council on Sustainable Development ICT – Information and Communication Technology WRI – World Resources Institute IETA – International Emissions Trading Association 2 Corporate Governance and Climate Change: Consumer and Technology Companies Foreword Consumer and technology companies are already feeling powerful ripples from climate change . Their massive operations and supply chains will be tested by global warming regulations that make fossil fuels more expensive — and clean energy, energy efficiency, and renewable energy much more attractive . These companies also face a rising consumer demand for climate-friendly products, bringing enormous opportunities in the products they make, goods they put on store shelves and labels they use to inform customer choices . The changing economic and political landscape should also make climate change a top priority for these companies . Consider: l Energy prices are gyrating up and down, making energy savings a vital hedge against future operating costs; l The sub-prime mortgage meltdown has catalyzed much-needed attention to corporate risk management practices, including hidden costs of climate change that are just now rising to the surface; l President-elect Barack Obama is vowing to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and make clean energy a driver of future job creation and economic growth; l Physical evidence is stronger than ever that human-induced global warming is profoundly altering our global environment and moving it toward a dangerous tipping point . It’s no wonder Wall Street is paying close attention to companies that are distinguishing themselves compared to their peers on these diverse and overlapping challenges . “We expect the importance of climate change performance to rise further and extend to an increasing