Getting Started in Japanese - 日本語 Class #3 Level 3 Phrases Okurigana Student, teacher, senpai Japanese names TBD Intro to Kanji “Ta” / “Te” verbs Months and years Kanji Advantages / based on your Disadvantages Adjective opposites Countries Katakana – Part II interests TBD Past tense People and Family Level 2 More about you Want, Like, Need More places Polite vs. Casual Katakana – Part I Ordering things Masu verbs Time and Days Homonyms This is, that is not Adjective negatives Hiragana – Part II Car, Train, Road Emphasis / Tone What do you like Noun negatives Numbers, Colors Level 1 Beware of Meaning Mini introduction School, Bank, Money Dakuten ( ゛) Particles wa/wo/no Particles / Order Handakuten ( ゜) Jyanken (game) Verbs I, II, III Food and Drink Why Hiragana What is this, where is it Mandatory Adjective na/i This, That, What, Where Hiragana – Part I This is mine, that is yours “Gojyuon” 4 Writing Systems Noun da/desu Me, You, Us Level 0 日本語 About Written Grammar Vocab Japanese Japanese Today I will focus on: Level 1 Beware of Meaning Mini introduction School, Bank, Money Dakuten ( ゛) Particles wa/wo/no Particles / Order Handakuten ( ゜) Jyanken (game) Verbs I, II, III Food and Drink Why Hiragana is What is this, where is it Mandatory Adjective na/i This, That, What, Where Hiragana – Part I This is mine, that is yours “Gojyuon” 4 Writing Systems Noun da/desu Me, You, Us Level 0 日本語 About Written Grammar Vocab Japanese Japanese Warm Up Exercise • Repeat after me, then repeat to your classmate Hajime mashite. はじめまして。 Nice to meet you. Watashi-wa (your name) desu. わたしは はくまい先生 です。 I am White Rice Sensei. (nationality) desu. あめりかじん です。 … am American. Watashi-wa (occupation) desu. わたしは かいしゃいん です。 I am an office worker. Yoroshiku onegai shimasu. よろしく おねがい します。 ”Looking forward to getting to know you.” A I U E O Vowels あ い う え お a i u e o Exercise K か き く け こ ka ki ku ke ko • Read out loud the “go-jyu-on” S さ し す せ そ sa shi su se so T た ち つ て と ta chi tsu te to N な に ぬ ね の na ni nu ne no (what is the go-jyu-on?) H は ひ ふ へ ほ ha hi fu he ho M ま み む め も ma mi mu me mo Y や い ゆ え よ ya yu yo R ら り る れ ろ ra ri ru re ro W わ い う え を wa wo (o) N ん n Hiragana Extended Chart Dakuten ( ゛) - “ten ten” or dot dot Handakuten ( ゜) - “maru” or circle Hiragana Extended Chart Dakuten ( ゛) - adds your voice to the consonant Handakuten ( ゜) - releases a puff of air from closed lips Exercise • What makes a vowel a vowel? – Can you make a vowel sound without your voice? • Which hiragana do not have “ten ten”? – Can you feel your mouth move when you say them? • Pick a hiragana that has “ten ten” – What changes when you say the hiragana with “ten ten” and without? • What makes the “H” row so special? – Try whispering the whole row, then try whispering the “B” row, then the “P” row – Try saying the “vowel” row out loud, then the “H” row. What’s the difference? 4 Basic Parts of Speech Nouns – Person, Place, Thing, Idea, Pronouns Verbs – Action, State, Occurrence • Subject, object, location of sentence • The action or change from the sentence N V な Adjectives い Adjectives • Modify nouns • Modify nouns • If last in a sentence, end with da or desu • Easily becomes an adverb い く na Aい Present Tense Noun Sentence Noun1 wa Noun2 *(Verb) (da・desu) *(da ・ desu) are used as a verb. If the word before (da ・ desu) is a noun, it is a NOUN sentence Definition: N1 is N2 N1 is (a/an) N2 Always ends in da or desu (だ・です) (not “verbs” but act as the verb”) Examples: She is Yumiko. This is a book. Present Tense Verb Sentence Noun1 wa/ga Noun2 wo Verb Definition: Verb happens to N2 *Subject optional, N1 does verb to N2 Always ends in an u or masu (う・ます) Examples: Eat sushi. / John eats sushi. Naomi throws a ball. Present Tense い-Adjective Sentence Noun1 wa い-Adjective (Verb) (desu OR nothing) Definition: N1 is い-adjective. い-Adjectives can not end in da. Informal ends at the adjective. Formal ends with です。 Examples: (The) tree is tall. Sandra is fast. い-Adjective - Opposites 大きい – おおきい – Ookii 小さい – ちいさい – Chiisai Big Small 大きい 小さい 中 – ちゅう – Chuu *Middle / Medium *Chuu is not 中 an いAdjective 大きい 中 小さい い-Adjective - Opposites 高い – たかい – Takai 安い – やすい – yasui Expensive Cheap 高い 安い い-Adjective - Opposites 高い – たかい – Takai 低い – ひくい – hikui 高い Tall Short 高い 低い 低い Typically used for vertical height only い-Adjective - Opposites 長い – ながい – Nagai 短い – みじかい – Mijikai Long Short 長い 短い Used for lengths of objects or duration of time い-Adjective - Opposites 暑い – あつい – Atsui 寒い – さむい – Samui Hot Cold 暑い 寒い 暖かい – あたたかい – Atatakai Note: These adjectives are Warm used strictly for air/climate temperature 暖かい e.g. in a room, outdoors い-Adjective - Opposites 熱い – あつい – Atsui 冷たい – つめたい – Tsumetai Hot Cold 熱い 冷たい 温かい – あたたかい – Atatakai Note: These adjectives are Warm used for liquid/object temperature 温かい e.g. food, drinks, soup, ocean Particles – (Joshi) • は – wa – Marks the topic (am/is/as for…) • が – ga – Marks the subject (am/is/as for…) • を – wo / o – Marks the object • の – no – Like an apostrophe S • か – ka – Like a question mark ? Eat! Meat Eat 肉 を 食べる にく wo たべる niku taberu Drinks! 飲み物 - のみもの - nomimono 水 – みず – Mizu お茶 – おちゃ – Ocha Water Tea 水 お茶 コーヒー koohii 酒 – さけ – Sake Coffee Sake コーヒー 酒 Drink! Drink I Beer を 飲む 私 は ビール wa wo のむ watashi biiru nomu Phrase of the Day Sugoi ・ Omoshiroi ・ Yabai すごい ・ おもしろい ・ やばい Common Translation: “Wow!” “Interesting” “Damn! Whoa! Crazy!” My thoughts: A casual way react to your friends’ stories, or to something you see Usage: A way to keep the conversation going. Don’t over react, though!! Questions? Visit my online resources www.writericesensei.com www.facebook.com/WhiteRiceSensei/ www.youtube.com/channel/UCSrQHvLKMsn6eo7dlGdTmtA.