PHILOSOPHICAL VALUES FOUND IN TONE BY YZ CHIN Diah Anita Pusparini Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Pasuruan [email protected] Abstract: Literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. It introduces us to new worlds of experience and not merely a depiction of reality; it is rather a value-addition. A work of literature can be valuable in several ways: entertainment value, political value, artistic value, cultural value, historical value, philosophical value, moral value, and ethical value. This article‟s focus is intended to discover the philosophical values stated or implied in a short story. Which in the end, the values found in the short story were related on how ones explore the nature of human knowledge, how ones know something, what ones can know about something, interact with the world, know the world, a special attitude, and a state of mind. Keywords: philosophical values, short story, literary work INTRODUCTION experience. Books and literature are being learnt as well as enjoying the comedies and the tragedies of "The difficulty of literature is not poems, stories, and plays; and even to write, but to write what you grow and evolve through our literary mean; not to affect your reader, journey with books. but to affect him precisely as you Ultimately, readers may wish." -- Robert Louis Stevenson discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and Literature is a term used to how he/she says it. Readers may describe written or spoken material. interpret the author's message. In Broadly speaking, "literature" is used academic circles, this decoding of to describe anything from creative the text is often carried out through writing to more technical or the use of literary theory, using a scientific works, but the term is most mythological, sociological, commonly used to refer to works of psychological, historical, or other the creative imagination, including approach. works of poetry, drama, fiction, and Whatever critical paradigm nonfiction. used to discuss and analyze Literature represents a literature, there is still an artistic language or a people: culture and quality to the works. Literature is tradition. But, literature is more important because it speaks, it is important than just a historical or universal, and it affects the readers. cultural artifact. Literature Even when it is ugly, literature is introduces us to new worlds of beautiful. 20 Why Is Literature Important? fact, lays the foundation of an "Literature adds to reality, it does enriched life; it adds 'life' to 'living'. not simply describe it. It enriches the necessary competencies that daily life requires and provides; What Is Value? and in this respect, it irrigates the The phrase "values of deserts that our lives have already literature" refers to those qualities of become." - C.S. Lewis, a British poems, stories, novels, etc. that make scholar and novelist. them worthwhile to read. If readers feel the reading time is well spent, As stated in the quotation by then it can be said that a work has C.S. Lewis, literature not only value for them. If reading the work describes reality but also adds to it. was a complete waste, then it might Yes, literature is not merely a be there has been no value for them. depiction of reality; it is rather a What Is There To Value? value- addition. Literary works are A work of literature can be valuable portrayals of the thinking patterns in several ways. and social norms prevalent in society. They are a depiction of the Literature if reading it . different facets of common man's has . life. Classical literary works serve entertainment is an enjoyable way to as a food for thought and a tonic for value pass the time. imagination and creativity. political can change the way Exposing an individual to good value people live with and literary works, is equivalent to influence each other. providing him/her with the finest of educational opportunities. On the other hand, the lack of exposure to artistic helps us contemplate classic literary works is equal to value the nature of beauty depriving an individual from an and human creativity. cultural sheds light on the opportunity to grow as an value place and time of the individual. It is through reading author of the work. such great literary and poetic historical helps one understand works, that one understands life. value the past and how the They help a person take a closer world has evolved. look at the different facets of life. philosophical explores human In many ways, it can change one's value knowledge, how we perspective towards life. Lives of know and what we brilliant achievers and individuals, moral value know.teaches a lesson that who have made a valuable will inspire the reader contribution to society, are sketched to live a better life. in their biographies. Literature, is ethical helps us asks questions definitely, much more than its value related to the standards literary meaning, which defines it of a "good" life. as 'an acquaintance to letters'. It, in 21 Philosophical Value knowledge. We need the passion Literature has philosophical of love to start and keep value if reading it gives occasion questioning the things that are to explore the nature of human either too familiar or too removed knowledge, how we know and from everyday concerns. The what we can know. These continuation of this striving points questions are central to the to the essence of wisdom. Its production of art because any artist posture is a passionate search for must interact with the world in wisdom, not the possession of it. order to represent it, whether Nothing great has ever been lyrically in a poem or through accomplished without passion. storytelling in fiction; he must, to Thus, knowledge proves again less some extent, know the world. But defining for philosophy than its it is hard to be certain about what posture. In western tradition, it is we know or even whether we can not possible to attain wisdom as a know anything at all. Some writers final equilibrium. Consequently, explore philosophical issues pretty philosophy is a state of mind deeply because they are often a (inquisitive) rather than a source of crisis that can create particular kind of knowledge. great drama and raise intriguing Love Wisdom questions. If a work invites the Emotion Cognition readers to think about perception, Striving Accomplishment making sense of our place in the Attitude State of Mind world, or self‐awareness, then we can say that it has philosophical value. In response to such works, Here, it can be said that there are we tend to look inward and seven aspects to be analyzed. They wonder, "Who am I?" are: 1. Explore the nature of human knowledge Philosophic Attitude 2. How we know something The very meaning of 3. What we can know about the word philosophy (derived from something the Greek compound philo + 4. Interact with the world sophia) points at once to a special 5. Know the world attitude of a philosopher and 6. A special attitude her/his objective. According 7. A state of mind to this etymology, "philosophy" is In this occasion, the writer has "a love of wisdom" which means the opportunity to analyze the that it combines both cognitive and philosophical value of a short story emotional dimension of our mind. entitled “TONE”. TONE a short "Love" is named first and it is not story written by YZ Chin and it was knowledge - it is a craving and taken on-line from the internet. This striving to attain the object of love. story was chosen because it told But striving to learn precedes 22 about how a teenage girl, who to be responsible with the research apparently deaf, survive in dealing results. with her teenage life as such friendship and relationship. FINDING AND DISCUSSION This article is intended to There are two parts of finding discover the philosophical value stated here. They are the stated or implied in the short story. philosophical values of life and the As well as motivating the English philosophical values of love. Education students to love and get used to read literary works such as short stories or novels. By doing The philosophical values of life such things, it might ease them “To be honest, I quite like my when they have to fulfill any deafness. It was not easy the assignment related to reading first few years after the car literary works. accident and the stupid exploding air bag, but now it‟s become something that makes METHOD me special among my friends”. The method used by the (Paragraph 3; line 1). writer was a descriptive design focusing on content analysis. As From this sentence, Sandy stated by Djiwandono (2015) that a implies that she always tries to content analysis is used to analyze a admit the reality that had happened literary work, especially in a in her life. Accepting the fact is her linguistic research or applied key to enjoy her life, with her linguistic. While the content being deafness which is (6) a special analyzed was, a short story entitled attitude. No one likes nor wants to TONE written by YZ Chin which be deaf. But Sandy struggles to like was taken from the internet. The it, and eventually she can do it well. writer focused in analyzing the It is clear that the philosophical life philosophical values used or written of Sandy is enjoying the fact and by the author in the short story. The struggle to love it. instruments needed in collecting the data were documentation and “I mostly just read lips because human instrument.