K Designing Worlds L This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. MAKING SENSE OF HISTORY Studies in Historical Cultures General Editor: Stefan Berger Founding Editor: Jörn Rüsen Bridging the gap between historical theory and the study of historical memory, this series crosses the boundaries between both academic disciplines and cultural, social, political and historical contexts. In an age of rapid globalization, which tends to manifest itself on an economic and political level, locating the cultural practices involved in generating its underlying historical sense is an increasingly urgent task. For a full volume listing, please see back matter This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. DESIGNING WORLDS National Design Histories in an Age of Globalization Edited by Kjetil Fallan and Grace Lees-Maffei This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. Published in 2016 by Berghahn Books www.berghahnbooks.com © 2016 Kjetil Fallan and Grace Lees-Maffei All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Fallan, Kjetil, editor. | Lees-Maffei, Grace, editor. Title: Designing worlds: national design histories in an age of globalization / Edited by Kjetil Fallan and Grace Lees-Maffei. Description: New York: Berghahn Books, 2016. | Series: Making sense of history; volume 24 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015045907| ISBN 9781785331558 (hardback: alk. paper) | ISBN 9781785331565 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Design. Classification: LCC NK1525 .D46 2016 | DDC 745.4--dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015045907 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-78533-155-8 hardback ISBN 978-1-78533-156-5 ebook ISBN 978-1-78533-446-7 open access The electronic open access publication of Designing Worlds: National Design Histories in an Age of Globalization has been made possible through the generosity of the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. Contents List of Illustrations vii Introduction: National Design Histories in an Age of Globalization 1 Grace Lees-Maffei and Kjetil Fallan Chapter 1. Designs on/in Africa 23 dipti bhagat Chapter 2. Does Southern African Design History Exist? 42 Deirdre Pretorius Chapter 3. Designing the South African Nation: From Nature to Culture 60 Jacques Lange and Jeanne van Eeden Chapter 4. Resisting Global Homogeneity but Craving Global Markets: Kiwiana and Contemporary Design Practice in New Zealand 76 Claudia Bell Chapter 5. Creativity within a Geographical-National Framework: From Modern Japanese Design to Pevsner’s Art Geography 93 Ariyuki Kondo Chapter 6. Imagining the Indian Nation: The Design of Gandhi’s Dandi March and Nehru’s Republic Day Parade 108 Suchitra Balasubrahmanyan This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. vi Contents Chapter 7. Troubled Geography: Imagining Lebanon in 1960s Tourist Promotion 125 Zeina Maasri Chapter 8. Czech Glass or Bohemian Crystal? The Nationality of Design in the Czech Context 141 Marta Filipová Chapter 9. The Myth of Danish Design and the Implicit Claims of Labels 156 Stina Teilmann-Lock Chapter 10. Altering a Homogenized Heritage: Articulating Heterogeneous Material Cultures in Norway and Sweden 172 Kjetil Fallan and Christina Zetterlund Chapter 11. A Special Relationship: The UK-US Transatlantic Domestic Dialogue 188 Grace Lees-Maffei Chapter 12. Surveying the Borders: Authenticity in Mexican- American Food Packaging, Imagery and Architecture 211 Nicolas P. Maffei Chapter 13. An Empire of One’s Own: Individualism and Domestic Built Form in Twenty-First-Century Jamaica 226 Davinia Gregory Chapter 14. The Quest for Modernity: A Global/National Approach to a History of Design in Latin America 241 Patricia Lara-Betancourt Chapter 15. Of Coffee, Nature and Exclusion: Designing Brazilian National Identity at International Exhibitions (1867 and 1904) 259 Livia Rezende Index 275 This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. Illustrations Fig. 1.1: Fuck Afrika I, Garth Walker 2008, inkjet print, reproduced 24 here by kind permission of Garth Walker. Fig. 1.2: Stoneware bowl with a thick green celadon glaze inside 28 and out except for its unglazed centre and base (height – 7.6 cm, diameter – 18 cm); dated circa 1400–1500, Ming Dynasty, made in Longquan, China, found in Malindi, Kenyan coast. Fig. 1.3: Proof coinage of Zimbabwe, 1980 and Zimbabwean One 32 Hundred Trillion Dollars note, 2008. Fig. 1.4: South African press image showing a white South African 35 artist working in the so-called ‘Bushmen’ exhibit at the 1936 Empire Exhibition, held in Johannesburg, South Africa. Sunday Express, 15 November 1936. Fig. 1.5: The used clothing market in Lusaka, Zambia. 37 Table 2.1: Design qualifications offered at southern African 46 higher education institutions Fig. 2.1: Cover of Image & Text 20, 2012. 50 Fig. 2.2: Page 19 of Image & Text 20, 2012. 51 Fig. 2.3: Cover of De Arte 74, 2006. 52 Fig. 2.4: Pages 12 and 13 of De Arte 74, 2006. 53 Fig. 3.1: SARPD advertisements in The Illustrated London News. 63 From left to right: ‘South Africa. The Empire’s sun land’, 28 July 1928; ‘Visit South Africa’s Riviera’, 12 September 1936; ‘South Africa’, 9 October 1937; ‘For speed and comfort’, poster published by South African Railways & Airways, circa 1934. Fig. 3.2: The South African national flag, 1928–1994. 64 Fig. 3.3: The South African flag (1994, left), Coat of Arms (2000, 69 centre) and National Orders (2003, right). This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. viii Illustrations Fig. 3.4: Covers and page spreads from various early editions of 71 i-juisi magazine. Fig. 3.5: Façade of the South African Constitutional Court 72 featuring the custom-designed typeface designed by Garth Walker. Fig. 4.1: Chris Johnson’s Imprint Stool, available through web 84 outlet The Clever Design Store and from Yoyo Furniture, a Wellington shop dedicated to New Zealand design. Fig. 4.2: Work in process: a rug designed by Bing Dawe being 84 handcrafted from wool at Dilana’s Christchurch studio. Completed rugs: on the wall Solo by John Reynolds; on the floor Clematis by Tim Main, and Meccano by John Lyall. Fig. 4.3: Moa Room, Paris. 85 Fig. 4.4: Lights by David Trubridge. 87 Fig. 4.5: Aroha (love) baby blanket, appliqued recycled wool, 88 featuring a tiki and piwakawaka (fantails) by Rona Osborne for Native Agent. Fig. 5.1: Kisuke Shimizu II, Mitsui-gumi House at Kaiun Bridge, 95 Tokyo, Japan (1872). Fig. 5.2: Kikutaro¯ Shimoda’s design submitted for the competition 97 for the Imperial Diet of Japan (1919) evinces his ‘Imperial Crown Eclecticism’. Fig. 5.3: Japanese exhibits at the 1873 Vienna International 100 Exposition. Fig. 5.4: Candle stand with chrysanthemum design in black 101 lacquer, an example of Japanese design for Western lifestyle, mainly produced in the late 1870s and after. Fig. 5.5: Opening page of Kenkichi Tomimoto’s article on William 103 Morris, published in two parts in the art journal Bijutsu Shinpo¯ in February and March 1912. Fig. 6.1: Miniature sheet of four postage stamps released on 112 the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Salt Satyagraha in 2005 depicting Gandhi leading the march, the route, newspaper coverage of the event and his message. The photograph at the bottom shows the visual appearance of the group. Fig. 6.2: View of cultural floats displayed at the Republic Day 116 Parade, 2013. Fig. 6.3: The Indian Army’s BrahMos cruise missiles displayed 116 at the Republic Day Parade, 2013. Fig. 6.4: DeLappe on treadmill with Gandhi avatar in 119 background. This open access library edition is supported by the University of Oslo and the University of Hertfordshire. Not for resale. Illustrations ix Fig. 6.5: Gandhi avatar at Dandi monument with other avatars. 119 Fig. 7.1: Advertisement for Lebanon in The Economist, 27 Dec.–2 126 Jan. 1969–1970. Designed by Mona Bassili Sehnaoui for The National Council of Tourism in Lebanon. Fig. 7.2: Poster ‘Lebanon, the summer resort of Arab countries’. 128 C. early 1950s. Designer anonymous. The General Office of Tourism and Summer Vacationing. Size: 70×100 cm lithography. Collection A. Bou Jaoudeh. Fig. 7.3: Series of leaflets containing touristic information using 131 as a graphic system a newly designed calligraphic logo for Lebanon. Designed by Mona Bassili Sehnaoui for The National Council of Tourism in Lebanon. C. 1970. 18×10 cm (closed). Collection of the designer. Fig. 7.4: Poster ‘Lebanon’. Designed by Mona Bassili Sehnaoui for 132 The National Council of Tourism in Lebanon. C. 1969. 34×50 cm. Collection of the designer. Fig. 7.5: Back cover of a tourism brochure with a map of Lebanon 136 and a North-South locator framing the Mediterranean Sea. Designed by Mona Bassili Sehnaoui for The National Council of Tourism in Lebanon. C. 1970. 21×23 cm. Collection of the designer.