E1844 V13 AMHARA NATIONAL REGIONA STATE SOUTH WOLLO ZONE, DESSIE CITY ADMINISTRATION Public Disclosure Authorized Salaysh-Segno Gebya Gravel Road Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared by Amhara Design and Supervision Works Public Disclosure Authorized Enterprise January,2013 Dessie Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Content Acronym .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 7 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 Background.............................................................................................................................................. 14 1.2. Objective of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ............................................................ 16 1.2.1. Specific objectives: .......................................................................................................................... 16 2. Approaches and Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Data Collection methods and tools Information ..................................................................................... 17 2.2 Field Survey ............................................................................................................................................. 17 2.3. Review of Existing Literature and Maps: ................................................................................................ 17 2.4. Public Involvement and Stakeholders Consultation .............................................................................. 18 2.5. Data Analysis and Report Writing: ......................................................................................................... 19 3. Project Description ........................................................................................................................................ 19 3.1. Project Location...................................................................................................................................... 19 3.2 Project rational ........................................................................................................................................ 20 3.3. Project activities ..................................................................................................................................... 22 4. National policies and regulatory framework ................................................................................................ 23 4.1 Policy framework..................................................................................................................................... 23 4.1.1 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ......................................................... 23 5.1.2. National and Regional Conservation Strategy ................................................................................ 24 4.1.3. Environmental Policy of Ethiopia .................................................................................................... 24 4.1.4 Sectoral Environmental Policies ....................................................................................................... 25 4.1.5 National Health Policy ...................................................................................................................... 25 4.1.6. Ethiopian Roads Development (Policy Framework) ........................................................................ 25 4.2 Legislative Framework............................................................................................................................. 27 4.2.1 Establishment of Environmental Protection Organs (Proclamation No. 295/2002) ........................ 27 4.2.2 Environmental Impact Assessment (Proclamation No. 299/2002) .................................................. 27 4.2.3 Environmental Pollution Control (Proclamation No. 300/2002)...................................................... 28 4.2.4 National Rural Land Administration and Use (Proclamation No. 456/2005) ................................... 28 4.2.5 EPA’s Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines (2002) ........................................................... 29 4.2.6 Ethiopian Road Authority’s Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline ..................................... 30 4.3. Institutional Framework ......................................................................................................................... 30 2 4.3.1 Federal and Regional States ............................................................................................................. 31 4.3.2 Federal Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) ......................................................................... 31 4.3.3 The Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) ............................................................................................... 33 4.4 Summary of the World Bank’s Safeguards Policies ............................................................................. 33 5. Description of Baseline Environment ............................................................................................................ 34 5.1. Bio-physical Environment ....................................................................................................................... 34 5.1.1. Location ........................................................................................................................................... 34 5.1.2. Topography ..................................................................................................................................... 36 5.1.3. Climate ............................................................................................................................................ 36 5.1.4. Geology ........................................................................................................................................... 38 5.1.5. Soil ................................................................................................................................................... 40 5.1.6. Hydrogeology .................................................................................................................................. 40 5.1.7. Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................................................... 41 5.2. Socio-Economic Environment ................................................................................................................ 41 5.2.1. Demographic Features and Settlement Patterns ............................................................................ 41 5.2.2. Health service .................................................................................................................................. 42 5.2.3. Education:........................................................................................................................................ 42 5.2.4. Land use/cover ................................................................................................................................ 43 5.2.5. The existing Road Network, Utilities and Transport Study ............................................................. 45 6. Project Alternatives analysis ......................................................................................................................... 47 7. Environmental Impacts Identifications, Prediction and Analysis .................................................................. 48 7.1. The positive Impacts .............................................................................................................................. 48 7.1.1 Employment Opportunity ................................................................................................................ 48 7.1.2. Social Benefits ................................................................................................................................. 48 7.1.3. Urban Development ........................................................................................................................ 49 7.2. Potential Negative Impacts .................................................................................................................... 49 7.2.1. Slope Destabilization Impact ........................................................................................................... 49 7.2.2. Impacts on soil erosion ................................................................................................................... 49 7.2.3. Impact on Water Resources ............................................................................................................ 49 7.2.4. Impacts on Air Quality, Noise and Vibration ................................................................................ 50 7.2.5. Impacts on Quarry and Borrow Pits ...............................................................................................