PAPER 22 NORTH AMERICAN HISTORY FROM ca. 1500 TO 1865 READING LIST Revised September 2019 Themes 1. Native Grounds, Middle Grounds 2. Colonialism and Catastrophe 3. Northern New Spain 4. New France 5. English Beginnings and the Chesapeake 6. New England 7. Greater Caribbean 8. Middle Colonies 9. Consolidating Slavery 10. Revivals 11. Convergence? 12. The Origins of the American Revolution 13. The American Revolution 14. From Confederation to Constitution 15. Politics in the early republic 16. Native Americans and the early national West 17. The U.S. in the world, 1776-1823 18. Slavery and antislavery 19. Civil society and private lives 20. Market revolutions 21. Democrats, Whigs and the birth of modern politics 22. Expansion and the collapse of the Union 23. The Civil War A note on lectures The first thirteen themes are covered by the lecture series on ‘The North American Colonies to the United States of America’, ca. 1500-1789.” These lectures will be delivered twice-weekly in Michaelmas Term: at 11am on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. Theme 14, exploring the aftermath of the American Revolution and the creation of the U.S. federal system, receives attention to two additional lectures, “The Political Thought of the American Revolution’. These lectures will be delivered in two lectures in Lent (weeks 3 and 4), Mondays at noon. Themes 15 to 23 will be explored in the lecture series on ‘The United States, 1789-1865’, to be delivered twice-weekly in Lent Term. These lectures will take place on Thursdays at 10am and Fridays at 11am The Faculty will also deliver eight ‘core’ lectures in Michaelmas Term addressing major themes in American history. All Paper 22 and 24 students are strongly encouraged to attend these lectures, which take place on Tuesdays and Fridays at 10am in the first half of the term. The first lecture is on Friday 11th October at 10am; the last takes place on Tuesday 5th November at 10am. Students are reminded that the lectures form an integral part of this paper, and that material discussed principally (or only) in lectures may be addressed in the exam. Students who attend lectures tend to perform better on the exam. 2 3 INTRODUCTORY TEXTS These books provide general overviews of various time periods. Bernard Bailyn, The Barbarous Years: The Peopling of British North America: The Conflict of Civilizations, 1600-1675 (New York: Knopf, 2012) * Thomas Foster, ed. Women in Early America (New York: New York University Press, 2014) Steven Hahn, A Nation Without Borders: The United Staets and its World in an Age of Civil Wars, 1830- 1910 (New York: Penguin, 2016) Anne F. Hyde, Empires, Nations, and Families: A New History of the North American West, 1800-1860 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2011) * Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007) Ibram Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America (New York: Nation Books, 2016) Thomas S. Kidd, American Colonial History: Clashing Cultures and Faiths (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2016) Jill Lepore, These Truths: A History of the United States (New York: Norton, 2018) * James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988) Gary Nash, The Unknown American Revolution: The Unruly Birth of Democracy and the Struggle to Create America (New York: Random House, 2005). Jeffrey Ostler, Surviving Genocide: Native Nations and the United States from the American Revolution to Bleeding Kansas (New Haven: Yale University, 2019) Daniel K. Richter, Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011) Susan Sleeper-Smith, et al., eds. Why You Can’t Teach United States History without American Indians (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015) Alan Taylor, American Colonies: The Settling of North America (New York: Penguin, 2001) --------------, Colonial America: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011) -------------, American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804 (New York: Norton, 2016) * Daniel Vickers, A Companion to Colonial America (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2003) * Gordon S. Wood, Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011) * Books marked with an asterisk are available electronically via the UL catalogue. All journal articles in this reading list can be accessed electronically via the catalogue, unless otherwise indicated. 4 1. NATIVE GROUNDS, MIDDLE GROUNDS Native Americans lived in North America for centuries prior to European contact, though traditionally finding out about these worlds was the province of archaeologists rather than historians. This situation has changed in recent years, as have the kinds of sources historians use. There have been various ways of understanding relations between Native Americans and European colonists, most notably as a “middle ground” or as a “native ground.” These readings also make clear the considerable diversity of Native American peoples. General Kathleen M. Brown, “The Anglo-Algonquian Gender Frontier,” in Nancy Shoemaker, ed. Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women (New York: Routledge, 1995) on Moodle Colin G. Calloway, One Vast Winter Count: The Native American West Before Lewis and Clark (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2003) James Merrell, et al. Forum: “Second Thoughts on Colonial Historians and American Indians,” William and Mary Quarterly 69:3 (2012): 451-540 * Daniel Richter, Facing East from Indian Country (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001) David Silverman, Thundersticks: Firearms and the Violent Transformation of Native America (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016) Native Grounds Juliana Barr, "Geographies of Power: Mapping Indian Borders in the ‘Borderlands’ of the Early Southwest," William and Mary Quarterly 68:1 (2011): 5-46 Heidi Bohaker, “‘Nindoodemag’: The Significance of Algonquian Kinship Networks in the Eastern Great Lakes Region, 1600-1701,” William and Mary Quarterly 63: 1 (2006): 23-52 Colin Calloway, New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1997) * Kathleen DuVal, The Native Ground: Indians and Colonists in the Heart of the Continent (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006) Elizabeth A. Fenn, Encounters at the Heart of the World: A History of the Mandan People (New York: Hill and Wang, 2014) Pekka Hämäläinen, The Comanche Empire (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009) Sami Lokomäki, Gathering Together: The Shawnee People through Diaspora and Nationhood, 1600–1870 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2014), chaps. 1–4 Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Indians and the Contest for the American Coast (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2015) Alyssa Mt. Pleasant, Caroline Wigginton, Kelly Wisecup, et al. “Forum: Materials and Methods in Native American and Indigenous Studies,” William and Mary Quarterly 75:2 (April 2018): 207-342 Timothy R. Pauketat, Ancient Cahokia and the Mississippians (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004) * Theda Perdue, Cherokee Women: Gender and Culture Change, 1700-1835 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998 5 Joshua L. Reid, The Sea Is My Country: The Maritime World of the Makahs, an Indigenous Borderlands People (New Haven: Yale University Press 2015) Daniel Richter, The Ordeal of the Longhouse: The Peoples of the Iroquois League in the Era of European Colonization (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992) Claudio Saunt, A New Order of Things: Property, Power, and the Transformation of the Creek Indians, 1733-1816, ed. Frederick Hoxie and Neal Salisbury (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999) Neal Salisbury, "The Indians' Old World: Native Americans and the Coming of Europeans," William and Mary Quarterly 53: 3 (1996): 435-58. Nancy Shoemaker, ed. Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women (New York: Routledge, 1995) Susan Sleeper-Smith, Indigenous Prosperity and American Conquest: Indian Women of the Ohio River Valley, 1690-1792 (Chapel Hill: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture for the University of North Carolina Press, 2018) * Cameron Wesson, “America in 1492,” in Frederick E. Hoxie, ed., Oxford Handbook of Native American History, 17–35 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2016). * Michael Witgen, An Infinity of Nations: How the Native New World Shaped Early North America (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012) Middle Grounds “Forum: The Middle Ground Revisited,” William and Mary Quarterly 63: 1 (2006): 3-96 James Axtell, Natives and Newcomers: The Cultural Origins of North America (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001) * Robbie Ethridge, “European Invasions and Early Settlement, 1500–1680,” in Frederick E. Hoxie, ed., Oxford Handbook of Native American History, 41–53 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2016) Eric Hinderaker, The Two Hendricks: Unraveling a Mohawk Mystery (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010) Francis Jennings, The Invasion of America Indians, Colonialism, and the Cant of Conquest (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1975) Karen Kupperman, Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000) James Merrell, The Indians' New World: Catawbas and Their Neighbors from European Contact through the Era of Removal (New York: Norton, 1989) Neal