A new Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from semideciduous forest, with notes on wood anatomy Author(s): André M. Amorim, Lucas C. Marinho, Cleiton Pessoa and Marcelo R. Pace Source: Plant Systematics and Evolution, Vol. 303, No. 2 (February 2017), pp. 177-185 Published by: Springer Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44854165 Accessed: 21-06-2021 11:33 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Springer is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Plant Systematics and Evolution This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Mon, 21 Jun 2021 11:33:21 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Plant Syst Evol (2017) 303: 177-185 (JM J CrossMark DOI 10.1007/S00606-0 16- 1360-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE A new Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from semideciduous forest, with notes on wood anatomy André M. Amorim1,2,3 • Lucas C. Marinho2,3 • Cleiton Pessoa2 • Marcelo R. Pace4,5 Received: 11 May 201 6 /Accepted: 12 October 2016 /Published online: 4 November 2016 © Springer- Verlag Wien 2016 Abstract This paper describes and illustrates Keywords Heterop- Lianas • Inselbergs • Malpighiales • terys serrata , a new species endemic to semideciduous Metallophyllis informal group • South America forests associated with inselbergs in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Morphological and wood anatomical traits of the new species are compared to those of other Introduction species of the Heteropterys Metallophyllis informal group. Based on wood anatomy, H. serrata and H. nitida (the Heteropterys most mor- Kunth is the largest genus of Malpighiaceae phologically similar species) have different with axial ca. 151par- species (Amorim 2003; Anderson 2013; enchyma, which is scarce paratracheal in H. Pessoa nitida and (andAmorim 2016). The genus as circumscribed by some other species of the Metallophyllis informal Anderson group) and Davis (2007), with Clonodia W.R.Anderson and aliform confluent in H. serrata. The most as a synonym, is monophyletic with fairly strong bootstrap notable morphological and anatomical characters support that (Davis dis- and Anderson 2010) and includes several tinguish the new species are the young hexagonal infrageneric stems, clades (with modest support) as proposed by the unusual widely serrate leaf margins and Niedenzuthe aliform (1928) (i.e. Heteropterys ser. Metallophyllis confluent axial parenchyma in the wood. Nied., Heteropterys subsect. Aptychia Nied, and sub- sect. Stenophyllarion Nied.). Despite advances based on phylogenetic studies and nomenclatural adjustments over the last decades, the taxonomy of Heteropterys is still Handling editor: Ricarda Riina. poorly resolved and its biodiversity poorly understood, as attested by the discovery of several recently described Kl André M. Amorim amorim.uesc @ gmail.com species (Sebastiani and Mamede 2010; Anderson 2014; Pessoa and Amorim 2016). 1 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual New species of Malpighiaceae have been consistently de Santa Cruz, Km 25, Ilhéus-Itabuna, Ilhéus, reported from forests along the eastern coast of South Bahia 45662-900, Brazil America, where at least 22 species have been described in 2 Herbario Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau, CEPEC, Km 22, the last 16 years (i.e. Amorimia W.R.Anderson - 2 spp., Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Itabuna, Bahia 45600-970, Brazil Heteropterys - 10 spp., Diplopterys A.Juss. - 1 sp., Hiraea 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Jacq. - 4 spp., Lophopterys W.R.Anderson & C.C.Davis - Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, Bahia 44036-900, Brazil 1 sp., Mcvaughia W.R.Anderson - 1 sp. and Stigmaphyllon A.Juss. - 3 spp.). The high number of taxonomie novelties 4 Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, of angiosperms from these forests, which has been high- São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil lighted by several authors (Sobral and Stehmann 2009; Goldenberg et al. 2016), can be partly attributed to recent 5 Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, botanical expeditions in previously inaccessible or unex- DC 20013-7012, USA plored areas. â Springer This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Mon, 21 Jun 2021 11:33:21 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 178 A. M. Amorim et al. Deciduous Fig. 1 Heteropterys and serrata - a, c-e and H.semideciduous nitida - b, f-h wood^ forest patches in eastern South America anatomy: a trans verse section with general vieware of secondary xylem, good examples of unexplored areas that growth rings delimited by a narrow to broad band of axial lack botanical parenchyma ( arrowheads ), gelatinous fibresrecords. present (asterisk)-, Of the ten new species of Het- eropterys b transverse described section with general view of the secondary xylem, from eastern Brazil over the last dec- ades, three diffuse porous, gelatinousare fibres present (asterisk)-,restricted c detail of to deciduous or semideciduous forests (e.g. secondary xylem, showing growth H. rings delimited by marginalandersonii (vs. Amorim (Amorim 2004), H. axial) parenchyma (arrowhead), wide vessels solitary or in radial or brunnea tangentialSebastiani multiples of 2, narrow vessels forming long radial chains & Mamede (Sebastiani and Mamede 2010) and H. arcuata C.Pessoa & Amorim (Pessoa and (arrow), parenchyma vasicentric to aliform; d longitudinal tangential Amorim 2016)). Studies of herbarium collections and section, showing non-storied rays, 3-4 cells wide, prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells present (arrowhead)', e longitu- extensive fieldwork in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, dinal radial section; ray heterocellular, mixed, with procumbent, have been carried out to resolve the taxonomy of prob- square and upright cells across the ray, fibres septate (arrow), lematic taxa within Heteropterys . The present paper crystalliferous parenchyma abundant (arrowhead)-, f detail of the describes a new species of Heteropterys , known only from secondary xylem, showing growth rings marked by marginal axial semideciduous forests in Espírito Santo, and provides parenchyma in narrow bands (arrowheads), wide vessels associated with narrow ones, narrow vessels forming long radial chains (arrows), information on wood anatomy of the genus that will be paratracheal parenchyma scanty; g longitudinal tangential section, useful in future taxonomie and phylogenetic analyses. showing non-storied rays, 3-4 cells wide, prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells present (arrowhead)', h longitudi- nal radial section, ray heterocellular, mixed, with procumbent, square Materials and methods and upright cells across the ray, fibres septate (arrow). Scale bars : a, b = 1 mm, c-f = 500 ļim, g-h = 200 pm. Photographs a-h by Marcelo R. Pace The new species was observed in situ and vegetative samples were dried and fixed in FAA 70 for laboratory analyses (Johansen 1940). The morphological description Results and the illustration are based on specimens from CEPEC, MBML, NY, RB and SPF (abbreviations follow Thiers The new species of Heteropterys is described based on 2016). The distribution map was made using the website several collections made in semideciduous forest in the SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010), and the conservation state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Based on its morphology, status was assessed based on IUCN (2012) criteria. this species is considered part of the Metallophyllis infor- The wood anatomy was studied using samples of stems of mal group (= Heteropterys ser. Metallophyllis , sensu Nie- the new Heteropterys and H. nitida (Lam.) DC., which were denzu (1928)) because of the presence of abaxially golden- collected from the basal portion of the plant (ca. 2 cm diam- sericeous leaf lamina, well-developed peduncles, subequal eter), immediately fixed in FAA 70 (Johansen 1940) and basally sericeous filaments and straight or slightly diver- stored in a 70% ethanol solution. Prior to sectioning, the wood gent (distally) styles. The most notable characters that samples were softened in boiling water and glycerine for up to distinguish the new species from other species of the group a week (8 h/day) and later embedded in polyethylene glycol are the young hexagonal stems and leaves with wide, ser- 1500. The samples were then sectioned using a slide micro- rate leaf margins. tome with the aid of a polystyrene resin, which serves to The wood anatomy of the new species is characterized preserve the wood anatomy when soft tissues are combined by the following: distinct growth rings, marked by a narrow with hard tissues (Barbosa et al. 2010), a phenomenon com- to broad marginal band of axial parenchyma (1-5 cells mon in lianas. The anatomical sections were double-stained wide; Fig. la, c) and wide vessels (Fig. la); porosity with safranine and Astra blue (Bukatsch 1972). semidiffuse to diffuse (Fig. la); vessels with no particular Wood descriptions follow the recommendations of the arrangement (Fig. la, c); vessel dimorphism with wide IAWA Committee (1989). Measurements