Republic of Turkey Ministry of Family, Labour, and Social Services Republic of Turkey Data Collection Survey on Social Service for Syrians Final Report January 2019 Japan International Cooperation Agency IC Net Limited TK JR 1919-002 Table of Contents 1. Background and Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Purpose of Survey .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Purpose of Survey .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Survey Schedule ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.2.3 Responsibilities of Experts ....................................................................................................... 4 1.2.4 Survey Target Areas (Ankara, Istanbul, Mersin, Gaziantep) ................................................... 5 1.2.5 Counterpart Institutions ............................................................................................................ 6 2. Syrians’ Status in Major Host Areas with a Focus on Target Areas ................................................... 10 2.1 Flow of the Number of Syrians and Where They Live/Stay .................................................. 10 2.2 Situation of Vulnerable People ............................................................................................... 11 2.3 Needs of Vulnerable People ................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Needs of Vulnerable People in the Developmental Support Stage ........................................ 14 3. Trends in the Support for Syrian Migrants by the Turkish Government ............................................ 18 3.1 Policies and Measures for Syrians Undertaken by the MoFLSS and Other Related Institutions . 18 3.1.1 Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Services (MoFLSS) .................................................... 18 3.1.2 Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency and the Ministry of Interior .................... 21 3.1.3 Other Ministries ...................................................................................................................... 22 3.2 Efforts by the Local Governments in the Pilot Sites .............................................................. 24 3.2.1 Istanbul (Güngören) ............................................................................................................... 24 3.2.2 Mersin (Akdeniz) ................................................................................................................... 25 4. Syrian Support in Turkey by Donors in the Target Areas (since the previous survey) ...................... 28 4.1 Status of Support by International Donor Agencies ............................................................... 28 4.2 Outline of MoFLSS & SSC Capacity Development by the UN ............................................. 29 4.3 Support to Syrians by NGOs and NPOs ................................................................................. 32 4.3.1 Istanbul ................................................................................................................................... 33 4.3.2 Mersin ..................................................................................................................................... 35 5. Current Situation of SSCs in Pilot Sites .............................................................................................. 36 5.1 Basic Information of SSCs ..................................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 Division of Duties .................................................................................................................. 36 5.1.2 Authority and Budget of SSC ................................................................................................. 37 5.1.3 SSC Facilities ......................................................................................................................... 38 5.2 Human Resources of SSC ...................................................................................................... 38 5.2.1 Güngören SSC ........................................................................................................................ 38 5.2.2 Akdeniz SSC .......................................................................................................................... 39 5.3 Main services of SSCs ............................................................................................................ 39 5.3.1 Situation of Migrant Support by the Number of Services Provided ....................................... 40 5.3.2 Socio-Economic Support (SED) ............................................................................................ 41 5.4 Cooperation of SSC and Related Institutions ......................................................................... 43 5.4.1 Güngören SSC ........................................................................................................................ 43 5.4.2 Akdeniz SSC .......................................................................................................................... 43 5.5 Current Situation and Issues of Consultation at SSC ............................................................. 44 5.6 The Needs for SSCs to Implement Support for the Syrians ................................................... 49 5.6.1 Necessity of the Development of SSC Work Policies Related to Migrant Support ............... 49 5.6.2 Improvement and Strengthening Consultations with Syrians ................................................ 49 5.6.3 Strengthening Community Welfare by Utilizing Social Resources ....................................... 49 5.6.4 Necessity for Utilizing Expansion of Services Through Awareness-Raising and Outreach .. 50 5.6.5 Service Provision Based on a Pender perspective .................................................................. 51 6. Efforts and Challenges for Social Cohesion ....................................................................................... 52 6.1 Problems and Trends in Social Cohesion ............................................................................... 54 6.2 Case Example of Support for Social Cohesion ...................................................................... 56 6.2.1 Efforts by the Government of Turkey .................................................................................... 56 6.2.2 Efforts by International Organizations/NGOs ........................................................................ 56 6.2.3 Efforts by Local Governments ............................................................................................... 56 7. Results and Implementation of Pilot Activities .................................................................................. 57 7.1 Outline of the Pilot Activities ................................................................................................. 58 7.2 Implementation of Pilot Activities ......................................................................................... 60 7.2.1 Consulting Work .................................................................................................................... 60 7.2.2 Support for Community Social Work..................................................................................... 63 7.2.3 Joint Monitoring ..................................................................................................................... 71 8. Recommendations and Lessons Learned for Strengthening Social Services for the Syrians ............. 75 8.1 Analysis of Psychosocial Care ............................................................................................... 75 8.2 Analysis of Social Cohesion ................................................................................................... 77 8.3 Perspectives on Vulnerable People (Women and Children) .................................................. 80 9. Proposal: Japanese Government's Technical Cooperation in Migrant Assistance .............................. 82 9.1 Consideration of Country-Specific Aid Policies, Validity from the Viewpoint of Peace Building ..... 82 9.1.1 Position of This Survey in Consideration of the Policies of Technical Cooperation with Turkey ...... 82 9.1.2 The Relationship of This Issue in "Peace Building" Guidelines ............................................ 82 9.2 Expanding Needs to Strengthen Social Services and Present the State of Social Services .... 83 9.3 Refining the Contents of Technical Cooperation Project ....................................................... 84 9.3.1 Review of Requests from the Turkish Government ............................................................... 84 9.3.2 Current Situation of MoFLSS and SSCs Related to the Contents of the Request Form ........ 86 9.3.3 The Perspective of the Technical Cooperation of Japan for the Social Services ................... 88 9.3.4 Refining Ideas for Projects ....................................................................................................