NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGIST VOLUMES 20 & 21 2005 Mary Rusco at the Sand Island Site in Rye Patch Reservoir, ca. 1977 (Courtesy of NSM) NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION • ~ 4 4 4 NEVADA Membership The Nevada Archaeological Association is an incorpo­ 4 rated, non-profit organization registered in the State of 4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL Nevada, and has no paid employees. Membership is open to any person signing the NAA Code of Ethics who 4 ASSOCIATION is interested in archaeology and its allied sciences, and in 4 the conservation of archaeological resources. Requests for membership and dues should be sent to the Member­ ~ The design for the NAA logo ship Chairman at the address below. Make all checks and was adapted by Robert Elston money orders payable to the Nevada Archaeological Association. Membership cards will be issued on the from a Garfield Flat petroglyph. payment of dues and the receipt of a signed Code of Ethics. Active members receive subscription to the Board of Directors Nevada Archaeologist and the NAA Newsletter In Situ. 4 The Board of Directors of the Nevada Archaeological Subscription is by membership only; however, indi­ Association is elected annually by the membership. vidual or back issues may be purchased separately. 4 Board members serve one year terms. The Board of Dues 4 Directors elects the Association's officers from those Student $\0 members elected to the Board. The Board of Directors Active $20 4 meets five times a year, once immediately prior to, and Active Family $25 4 again immediately following the Annual Meeting, and Supporting $30 once each of the remaining quarters throughout the year. Sponsor $50 4 President Patron $100 4 2002 Anne DuBarton, Las Vegas, NV Life $500 2003-2004 Steven Daron, Boulder City, NV 4 Treasurer Future Issues 2002-2003 Oyvind Frock, Reno, NV The NAA is currently updating the requirements for 4 submitting manuscript for the Nevada Archaeologist. 2004 Eva Jensen, Overton, NV 4 Secretary The updated requirements will be published in the next 2002-2003 Ted Goebel. Reno, NV Nevada Archaeologist and will also be available on the 4 NAA web site at www.nyarch.on~. 2004 Susane Slaughter, Boulder City, NV 4 Newsletter General Correspondence 2002-2004 David Valentine. Winnemucca, NY Inquires and general correspondence with the Nevada 4 Membership Archaeological Association should be directed as fol­ 4 2002-2003 Laureen Perry. Henderson, NV lows: 2004 Daron Duke, Carson City, NV Nevada Archaeological Association Web Master P.O. Box 73145, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89170-314 • 2002-2004 Hal Rager, Las Vegas, NV 4 Visit the NAA web site at www,nvarch.org, Members 2002: Steve Daron, Boulder City, NV, Eva Jensen, Overton, NV, Wallace Ward, Fallon, NV Cover: 2003: Daron Duke, Carson City, NV, Tom Flanigan, Ely, Mary Rusco at Rye Patch "Sand Island" NV, Eva Jensen, Overton, NV (26PE450) ca 1977 2004: Tom Flanigan, Ely, NV, Ted Goebel, Reno, NV, Darrell Wade, Mesquite, NV Code of Ethics 3. Seek the advice, consent and assistance of pro­ The purpose of the Nevada Archaeological Association fessionals in archaeology and/or history in dealing with (NAA) is to preserve Nevada's antiquities, encourage artifacts, sites and other materials relating to antiquities, the study of archaeology and to educate the public to the 4. Assist professionals and educators in accom­ aims of archaeological research. Members and chapters plishing the objectives of the NAA. of the NAA shall: 5. Be a personal envoy of the NAA and responsible 1. Uphold the purpose and intent of the NAA. for conducting themselves in a manner so as to protect 2. Adhere to all antiquities laws, the integrity of the artifacts, sites, or other material. 4 4 4 • • NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGIST Volumes 20 & 21, 2005 • •III Table ofContents (I • • Editors' Comer • Steven E. Daron and Renee Corona Kolvet II • Lifetime Achievement Award Presented to Mary K. Rusco ............................................. iii • A Standard Mine Story • David Valentine ............................................................................................................. 1 • Refining the Definition of Pyramid Gray, a Lower Colorado Buff Ware Ceramic • Gregory R. Seymour and Audrey H. Rager ................................................................. 13 Retracing the Past: The Austin and Reese River Transportation Company Toll Road • William T. Hartwell, Chuck Barrett, and Susan Edwards .......................................... 23 • Petroglyphs of an Extinct Pronghorn (Stockoceros sp. ?) and a Winter Solstice • Sunrise Marker at the Rock City Site, Lincoln County, Nevada • Alvin R. McLane, Farrel Lytle, Shannon Lytle, Manetta Lytle, and Nelson Lytle ...... 35 • Hot Creek Valley, Nevada • William Gray Johnson ................................................................................................. 39 Ethnohistoric Adaptations in the Carson Desert • Teresa Wriston ............................................................................................................. 49 • The Paleoarchaic Occupations of Moonshine Spring South and Moonshadow Spring, • Pershing County, Nevada: Implications for Early-Period Mobility in the Great Basin • Geo.ffrey M. Smith ............................................................................. '" ........................ 57 • The Prehistory ofBumt Rock Spring Mound in the Northern Mojave Desert • Gregory R. Seymour and Hal B. Rager ....................................................................... 71 Rockshelter Roof Sticks in Southern Nevada • Mark C. Slaughter, Daron G. Duke, and Renee Corona Kolvet ................ 85 •.. • •D ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •" NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGIST Volumes 20 & 21, 2005 •It •., • Editors' Corner •I) • Steven E. Daron and Renee Corona Kolvet • • Volumes 21 and 22 of the Nevada Archaeolo­ discusses the material remains at two ethnohistoric • gist have been combined into one issue and are sites at Carson Lake and the need for additional, finally out. This issue is dated 2005 although Vol­ in-depth studies at post-contact sites. • ume 21 should have been available in 2002 and This issue contains several thought-provoking • Volume 22 in 2003. We apologize for the delay. papers on a variety of prehistoric topics. Seymour • It is our pleasure to dedicate this issue to and A. Rager's article outlines their in-depth study archaeologist Mary K. Rusco who was awarded on the development of the ceramic type known as •II the 2004 Lifetime Achievement Award at the Lower Colorado Buff Ware. Seymour and H. Annual Meeting of the Nevada Archaeological Rager's article shares new data from Bumt Rock Association in Winnemucca on April 17, 2004. We Spring Mound and examines post-mid-Holocene •., want to thank Dr. Margaret Lyneis for preparing continuity at this Vegas Valley site. McLane et al. the enclosed synopsis of Mary' s career accomplish­ illustrate how rock art can be used to address cul­ • ments. Mary set high standards for professionals tural and environmental issues by comparing the working in the Great Basin. Her enthusiasm and petroglyphs at the Rock City Site to an extinct form •., knowledge inspired a generation of professional of pronghorn. Slaughter et al. document the occur­ and amateur archaeologists who continue to benefit rence of roof sticks in several rock shelter sites in • from her scholarly contributions. southern Nevada. The authors are seeking infor­ We are also pleased with the fresh ideas and mation from other sites to better understand this •., new data presented in the following papers. Four cultural phenomenon. Finally, Smith examines articles discuss historic topics in the central and variations in the mobility patterns of Paleoarchaic southern portions of Nevada. Valentine's article on people by examining lithic procurement practices • the Standard Mine examines how national issues at various Black Rock Desert sites. affected a mine company and its employees in We would also like to thank Les Paige and • rural Nevada. The Hartwell et al. article combines Anne McConnell. Their computer abilities and archaeological and historic research to tell the story technical editing skills were invaluable to the pro­ • of the Austin and Reese River Transportation Com­ duction of this combined volume. Thanks also go pany Toll Road. Johnson provides a historic over­ to the Nevada State Museum, specifically Maggie view of the Hot Creek Valley based on his research Brown, for providing the cover photograph and • of underground nuclear testing. Lastly, Wriston contributing toward production costs. • • • ii • t •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• .. • • • Lifetime Achievement Award Presented to Mary K. Rusco • at 2004 Annual Meeting • • • • • .it' • • • • • The Nevada Archaeological Association is Survey, Desert Research Institute, and the Univer­ • honored to present its first Lifetime Achievement sity of Nevada. Serving as staff archaeologist at the Award to Mary Kiehl Rusco. We celebrate her Nevada State Museum from 1974 to 1983, Mary dedication to Nevada prehistory, history, and the completed numerous cultural resources manage­ • concerns of Native Americans in her career of more ment (CRM) projects. Subsequently, she worked as than 30 years. an independent contractor. " Many of us have benefited from Mary's Two of her CRM projects while at the Nevada generosity in sharing data and supporting graduate State Museum are especially noteworthy. She "• students. We have enjoyed working with her, and pioneered historical archaeological studies in learning from collaborations.