Bio-Inspired Broadband Sonar: Methods for Acoustical Analysis of Bat Echolocation and Computational Modeling of Biosonar Signal Processing By Jason E. Gaudette M.S., University of Rhode Island, May 2005 B.S., Worcester Polytechnic Institute, May 2003 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Center for Biomedical Engineering at Brown University Providence, Rhode Island May 2014 © Copyright 2014 by Jason E. Gaudette This dissertation by Jason E. Gaudette is accepted in its present form by the Center for Biomedical Engineering as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date James A. Simmons, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date Elie L. Bienenstock, Reader Date Rodney J. Clifton, Reader Date Diane Hoffman-Kim, Reader Date Sherief Reda, Reader Date John R. Buck, External Reader Approved by the Graduate Council Date Peter M. Weber, Dean of the Graduate School iii Curriculum Vitae Jason E. Gaudette was born on October 9th, 1980 and raised with his younger sister Renee in Raynham, Massachussets to Edward and Mary Gaudette. Graduating from Bridgewater-Raynham High School in 1999, he continued on to Worcester Polytech- nic Institute to pursue a degree in Electrical Engineering. While an undergraduate Jason studied abroad on three occasions in Madrid, Spain; San Juan, Puerto Rico; and Limerick, Ireland. He received his Bachelor of Science in 2003 with distinction, a concentration in Computer Engineering, and a minor in International Studies. Imme- diately following graduation, Jason began his career at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, RI as an Electrical Engineer. He enrolled in the graduate program at the University of Rhode Island in the Fall of 2003 and graduated in 2005 to obtain the Master of Science in Electrical Engineering. Soon thereafter, Jason married his wife Elena and had two children, Lucas and Alexander, born in 2006 and 2008. In the Fall of 2008 Jason enrolled in the Biomedical Engineering program at Brown Uni- versity. Working with his advisor, Prof. James A. Simmons, Jason has been part of a highly interdisciplinary team of researchers studying bat echolocation. As an active member of this laboratory, Jason has co-authored several peer-reviewed journal arti- cles, conference proceedings and abstracts, invited presentations, numerous research proposals, and a technical patent. iv Jason E. Gaudette [email protected] Naval Undersea Warfare Center 1176 Howell Street Newport, RI 02841 Professional Experience Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI 2003 { present Electrical Engineer and Research Scientist • Lead engineer for electronics design and acoustic signal processing on various sonar programs, including acoustic countermeasure devices and forward-looking active sonar systems • Principal investigator for bio-inspired broadband sonar research • Experienced with design of low-noise acoustic transducer interface electronics, acoustic signal processing and analysis, and embedded systems development Analog Devices, Inc., Limerick, Ireland Fall 2002 Precision Digital to Analog Converters • Developed electronics and software for two customer evaluation board designs • Completed WPI Senior design team project (MQP) in 10 weeks abroad Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA Summer 2002 High-Speed Networking (HSN) Engineering Intern • Developed and tested an integrated circuit communication interface using Agi- lent VEE and the I2C protocol • Characterized high-speed transceiver electronics for laser diode driver IC Education Brown University, Providence, RI May 2014 (exp.) Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering Advised by Dr. James A. Simmons University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI May 2005 M.S. Electrical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA May 2003 B.S. Electrical Engineering with Distinction Concentration in Computer Engineering Minor in International Studies v Awards and Honors 1. Full Member, Sigma Xi, Scientific Research Society, Brown University Chapter, (2014). 2. J. E. Gaudette, L. N. Kloepper, M. Warnecke and J. A. Simmons, \Arrayzilla Lives! Visualizing the dynamic beam pattern of an echolocating bat," 1st place video entry in the Gallery of Acoustics displayed at the 164th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Kansas City, MO, (October 2012). 3. \Special Achievement Award for Excellence in the Area of Basic and Applied Research," Swampworks Lightweight Torpedo Project Team, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI, (2007). 4. \Special Achievement Award for Excellence in the Area of Basic and Applied Research," Biorobotic Research Team, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, New- port, RI, (2006). 5. Member, Eta Kappa Nu, Electrical Engineering Honor Society, Gamma Delta Chapter at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, (2003). Grants and Fellowships 1. 2014{2016, ONR Research Grant, Code 341 Bio-Inspired Autonomous Systems Program, (J. E. Gaudette, Principle Investigator), $275K, \Computational modeling and experimental evaluation of a bio-inspired broadband sonar sys- tem." 2. 2014{2016, NUWC Division Newport FY14 Independent Applied Research (IAR) Award, (J. E. Gaudette, Principal Investigator), $300K, \Bio-inspired broadband sonar system for high-resolution acoustic imaging applications." 3. 2014{2016, NUWC Division Newport FY14 In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Award, (J. DiCecco, P. I.; J. E. Gaudette, Associate Investi- gator), $300K, \Novel reconfigurable neuromorphic computing architectures for neural information processing." 4. 2011{2013, NUWC Division Newport FY11-FY13 In-House Laboratory Inde- pendent Research (ILIR) Award, (J. E. Gaudette, Principal Investigator), $300K, \Bio-inspired broadband sonar receiver for clutter reduction: Computa- tional modeling and system evaluation." 5. 2010, NUWC Division Newport Academic Fellowship Award, (J. E. Gaudette, Principal Investigator), one-year sabbatical leave to Simmons' Laboratory, Brown University, Providence, RI. vi 6. 2009, NUWC Division Newport FY09 Virtual In-House Laboratory Independent Research (V-ILIR) Award, (J. E. Gaudette, Principal Investigator), $85K. \Bio-inspired broadband sonar receiver for clutter reduction." Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles 1. J. E. Gaudette, L. N. Kloepper and J. A. Simmons, \Modeling of bio-inspired broadband sonar for high-resolution angular imaging," J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,(in prep.). 2. L. N. Kloepper, J. E. Gaudette, J. R. Buck, and J. A. Simmons, “Influence of mouth opening and gape angle on the transmitted signals of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)," J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,(in prep.). 3. L. N. Kloepper and J. E. Gaudette, \Exploring the dynamics of mammalian vocal-motor processes with emerging advanced technologies," J. PostDoc. Res., (in review.). 4. J. E. Gaudette, L. N. Kloepper, M. Warnecke and J. A. Simmons, \High res- olution acoustic measurement system and beam pattern reconstruction method for bat echolocation emissions," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 135 (1), 513{520 (2014). doi: [10.121/1.4829661] 5. J. DiCecco, J. E. Gaudette and J. A. Simmons, \Multi-component separation and analysis of bat echolocation calls," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 133 (1), 538{546 (2013). doi: [10.121/1.4768877] 6. J. A. Simmons and J. E. Gaudette, \Biosonar echo processing by frequency- modulated bats," Radar Sonar Navig. IET, 6 (6), 556{565 (2012). doi: [10.1049/iet-rsn.2012.0009] Conference Papers and Abstracts Presented 1. J. E. Gaudetteyand J. A. Simmons, \Encoding phase information is critical for high resolution spatial imaging in biosonar," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Providence, RI, May 2014 2. J. E. Gaudetteyand J. A. Simmons, \Modeling of bio-inspired broadband sonar for high-resolution angular imaging," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., San Francisco, CA, December 2013, p. 4052. doi: [10.1121/1.4830787] 3. L. N. Kloeppery, J. A. Simmons, J. E. Gaudette, R. Himmelwright and D. Robitzski, \Timing patterns of strobe groups for echolocating big brown bats ypresented vii performing a target detection task," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., San Francisco, CA, December 2013, p. 4119. doi: [10.1121/1.4831129] 4. J. E. Gaudette, L. N. Kloepperyand J. A. Simmons, \Object selection by head aim and acoustic gaze in the big brown bat," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 133 (5), Montreal, Quebec, June 2013, p. 3406. doi: [10.1121/1.4805938] 5. J. A. Simmons, J. E. Gaudette and L. N. Kloeppery, \Object selection by head aim and acoustic gaze in the big brown bat," in Proc. Meetings on Acoustics, Vol. 19, (010036), June 2013. doi: [10.1121/1.4800651] 6. J. E. Gaudette, L. N. Kloepperyand J. A. Simmons, \Large reconfigurable microphone array for transmit beam measurements of echolocating bats," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 131 (4), Hong Kong, China, May 2012, p. 3361. doi: [10.1121/1.4708666] 7. J. E. Gaudetteyand J. DiCecco, \Bio-inspired broadband sonar and multi- component time-frequency analysis," presented at the Maritime Systems and Technology (MAST) Americas Conference, Washington, DC, 14 November 2011. 8. J. E. GaudetteyJ. M. Knowles, J. R. Barchi, and J. A. Simmons, \Computa- tional model of a bio-inspired broadband receiver for sonar clutter reduction," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 129 (4), Seattle, WA, 25 May 2011, p. 2507. doi: [10.1121/1.3588282] 9. J. M. Knowlesy, J. E. Gaudette, J. R. Barchi and J. A. Simmons, \Recon- structing echolocation behavior using time difference of arrival localization and a distributed microphone array as a virtual Telemike," in J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 129 (4), Seattle, WA, 23-27 May 2011, p.