TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ...........................................................................................................................V ALBANIA ...............................................................................................................................2 Political developments ..........................................................................................................2 Police ill-treatment and torture .............................................................................................. 2 Conditions of detention.........................................................................................................2 Trafficking........................................................................................................................... 3 Domestic violence against women.......................................................................................... 3 BELARUS ...............................................................................................................................3 International concern about human rights............................................................................... 3 Freedom of expression, association and assembly (Update to AI Index: EUR01/012/2005) ........... 4 Prisoners of conscience (updates to AI Index: EUR 01/001/2004 and AI Index: EUR 49/017/2004) 5 Death penalty (update to AI Index: EUR 01/001/2004) ............................................................ 5 BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA.........................................................................................................5 General and political developments ........................................................................................ 5 War crimes and crimes against humanity (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005)....................... 6 Domestic investigations and prosecutions ............................................................................... 7 Unresolved 'disappearances' and Srebrenica commission (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005) . 8 Right to return in safety and with dignity (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005)....................... 9 UN Committee against Torture ............................................................................................ 10 CROATIA ............................................................................................................................. 10 General and political developments ...................................................................................... 10 War crimes and crimes against humanity (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005)..................... 11 International prosecutions .............................................................................................. 11 Domestic prosecutions........................................................................................................ 11 Unresolved ‘disappearances’ (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005) ...................................... 12 Right to return (update to AI Index: EUR 01/012/2005) ......................................................... 12 CYPRUS............................................................................................................................... 13 Detention and deportation of foreign nationals ...................................................................... 13 Excessive use of force ........................................................................................................ 13 Allegations of ill-treatment.................................................................................................. 13 Conscientious Objection...................................................................................................... 14 Visit of international experts................................................................................................ 14 GEORGIA............................................................................................................................. 14 Torture and ill-treatment .................................................................................................... 14 UN Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment................................................................................................................... 14 AI’s report Georgia: Torture and ill-treatment – still a concern after the “Rose Revolution” ......... 15 Individual cases involving allegations of torture or other ill-treatment ...................................... 16 Concerns in the disputed region of Abkhazia ......................................................................... 16 The death penalty (update to AI Index: EUR 04/002/2004) ................................................ 16 GREECE ............................................................................................................................... 17 Counter-terrorism .............................................................................................................. 17 Denial of refugee protection ................................................................................................ 17 Police ill-treatment............................................................................................................. 18 Discrimination against Romani pupils ................................................................................... 18 Conscientious objection to military service ............................................................................ 18 Violence against women ..................................................................................................... 19 Failure to conduct prompt investigation ................................................................................ 19 IRELAND ............................................................................................................................. 19 Treatment of people with mental disabilities.......................................................................... 19 Policing............................................................................................................................. 20 Places of Detention ............................................................................................................ 20 Asylum-seekers and migrants.............................................................................................. 21 Women............................................................................................................................. 22 Renditions......................................................................................................................... 22 Racism ............................................................................................................................. 23 AI Index: EUR 01/007/2006 Amnesty International II Europe and Central Asia Summary of Amnesty International’s Concerns in the Region, July – December 2005 Children............................................................................................................................ 23 Irish Human Rights Commission .......................................................................................... 23 ITALY .................................................................................................................................. 24 Counter-terrorist legislation ................................................................................................ 24 Asylum and immigration (update to AI Index: 01/012/2005) .................................................. 25 Decision by Cassazione Civile .............................................................................................. 26 Italy-sponsored detention centres in Libya ............................................................................ 27 Prison conditions................................................................................................................ 27 Alleged police ill-treatment ................................................................................................. 27 Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee....................................................... 28 Report on Italy by the High Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe ................ 28 International Criminal Court: failure to enact implementing legislation ..................................... 30 KAZAKSTAN ........................................................................................................................ 30 Freedom of expression – update to AI Index: EUR 01/002/2005 .............................................. 30 Fear for safety................................................................................................................... 30 Fear of forcible return.........................................................................................................30 Forcible return of Uzbekistani nationals ................................................................................ 30 KYRGYZSTAN ......................................................................................................................31 Prison riots ....................................................................................................................... 31 Death penalty...................................................................................................................