Volume 3 Issue 3 Article 2 Summer 8-15-1968 The Singular Incompetence of the Valar Burt Randolph Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/tolkien_journal Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Randolph, Burt (1968) "The Singular Incompetence of the Valar," Tolkien Journal: Vol. 3 : Iss. 3 , Article 2. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/tolkien_journal/vol3/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tolkien Journal by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Pre-Silmarillion speculation on the roles and powers of the Valar in Middle-earth, and why they seem to be depicted as fallible and not entirely omnipotent. Additional Keywords Tolkien, J.R.R.—Characters—Valar This article is available in Tolkien Journal: https://dc.swosu.edu/tolkien_journal/vol3/iss3/2 Randolph: The Singular Incompetence of the Valar The 3 wjular Incompetence of the Valar ‘Burr KmAobk No Middle-earth enthusiast can fail to be in- A "guardian," in contrast with the simpler trigued by the Valar, the Guardians of the World. term "guard," is one who keeps safe or secures in They are inextricably mingled with the history of the sense of a custodian. From law there comes the the First Age and of most of the Second Age of definition that a guardian is one who has the care Middle-earth. Admittedly, Valar-associated passa- and management of the person or pr.operty (or both) ges in The Lord of the Rings are fragmentary and of another, as of a minor or of a person incapable some of them curiously phrased. Yet there is good of managing his own affairs. reason not to let the paucity or peculiarity of the Valar information dissuade us from trying to put it Now consider the phrase "of the World." It is together. Professor Tolkien is a scholar of the enlightening to note that Tolkien did not choose English language and its antecedents and has been either "Guardians of the Uttermost West" or "Guard- intimately concerned with the historical development ians of the Immortals." The former choice would •f words and their meaning throughout his disting- have implied concern only with those living in the uished professional career. It is unreasonable to Undying Lands, the Valar and the Elves who were suggest that his choice of style is inadvertant or there or who came back there during the period of purposeless. Moreover, by any interpretation, the Guardianship. The latter choice would have implied Valar seriously influence Middle-earth history and concern both with those in the Far West and with a this provides another reason to be confident that few Valar, such as Oromg the Hunter, who visited the author was well aware of what he wrote, how he Middle-earth, with the "exiled" Elves, who left wrote it, and why he wrote it. The totality of The EressBa under FtJanor, and with other Elves in Lord of the Rings is a tribute to Tolkien's ability Middle-earth, all of whom would come again to Aman to handle enormous scope with meticulous attention the Blessed (save Luthien and Arwen), if they sur- to detail. It would be less than generous or logic- vived to make the voyage. We are therefore led to al to assume that he was careless about this import- the conclusion that the "World" of whom the Valar ant aspect of the First Age of Middle-earth. were the Guardians included the Elves and Men of Therefore, this article proceeds from the viewpoint Middle-earth. In view of Tolkien's repeated empha- that all of the Valar-associated passages mean what sis on the four speaking peoples of Middle-earth, we they say or allow some sensible interpretation. shall assume provisionally that the "World" also in- cluded Dwarves and Hobbits. The three questions examined in this article are (1) What kind of role did the Valar play as In identifying the four speaking peoples of Guardians of the World? (2) What significant events Middle-earth, we see an example of the difficulties occurred during the period of their guardianship? we will be facing. In speaking of Luthien Tinuviel, And (3) What can we conclude about their performance Tolkien says (111,388), "... but her mother was in the light of these events? Melian of the people of the Valar." (Underlines mine.) If the "people of the Valar" were Valar THE. ROLE OF THE VALAR AS GUARDIANS themselves, and not the Elves of EressHa who were OF THE WORLD certainly under the dominion of the Valar, we wonder whether there were not five speaking peoples in the Tljje identity of the Valar is not clear. World if not in Middle-earth. Indeed, the story of Miller takes the position that the Valar were EMrendil, as we can sift it out of the haunting simply those Elves who together with the Noldor verse of Bilbo (1,310), seems to indicate that the constituted the two high Kindreds of the Elves who Valar spoke in words. A second scintilla of evi- came to the Undying West at the beginning of days. dence pointing in this direction is the statement of This position does not seem to be supported by the the. herb-master (111,172) who was about to speak available evidence. In those few places where "of the Valinorean" tongue when Elessar cut him off. Tolkien refers to the Valar as other than the One could conclude that the "noble tongue" meant Guardians of the^World, he calls them "Lords of the Sindarin and that the "Valinorean" meant Quenya, as West" (III, 392) , "Powers" (111,384), and "Angelic Elessar's answer seems to indicate. Indeed, Quenya “Powers" (111,300). Since the emphasis of this ar- was (111,306) " an ancient tongue of Eldamar beyond ticle is on what the Valar did, the matter of iden- the Sea" and the Valar, living in Valinor west of tity is left an open question. We turn now to an Eldamar which was on the coast of Aman the Blessed, inquiry concerning the nature of the role of the might also have spoken Valinorean and taught it to Valar as Guardians of the World. the Eldar when they arrived. We note in passing that this "correct" number of speaking peoples of 1 Miller, D. M., Mankato State College Studies, Vol II #1, Feb 1967, Tolkien Papers Middle-earth is further confounded by Tolkien's initial description of the Ents in Appendix F (III, 2 References to The Lord of the Rings are indicated parenthetically by volume and page number ot the Bailantine paperback edition and to The Hobbit in the Hou- 310). Surely the animals and vegetation of Middle- ghton-Mifflin hard cover edition. earth cannot be said to qualify for "Guardianship" and the land itself, in particular Beleriand (III, Published by SWOSU Digital Commons, 1968 1 Tolkien Journal, Vol. 3, Iss. 3 [1968], Art. 2 507), was not safe against the power of Morgoth even clear that Melian of the people of the Valar came when he was at last defeated through help from the (at least once) to the city-state of Doriath in Valar obtained by Earendil (111,389)• So we re- Beleriand to wed King Thingol Greycloak and thus be- strict the "World" to Elves, Men, Dwarves and Hob- come the mother of Ldthien (111,388). And by this bits living in Middle-earth during the period of time Durin the Deathless, earliest descendant of the Guardianship, Naugrim, had awakened (l,4ll) to become (Hobbit 64) the eldest of the Seven (111,438) Fathers of the two Let us now consider the Valar in the Guardian races of Dwarves, and the named Father of the Long- role more closely. As protectors in the sense of beard race, that of Gimli, Gloin, Thorin Oakenshield, guards, the Valar would seem to have some responsi- etc. bility to protect the World from that which can bring severe harm to it. Certainly, Morgoth and We now cite in narrative fashion the events Sauron qualify as major threats to the World, There- that seem relevant to the performance of the Valar fore, as Guardians of the World, the Valar ought to as Guardians of the World. In each case the event be responsible for protecting the World from the e- should be viewed as being allowed to happen as well vil influences of these two entities, at least. as just an occurrence of the Elder Days. The question might be raised as to whether the Morgoth, the (first) Great Enemy, Dark Power of Valar had the capability to serve as Guardians of the North, arrives "from Outside" and establishes the World, There appears to be ample evidence that Angband (iron-place) (I,l82). Morgoth creates they were capable of actions which far transcended trolls (hill-trolls, cave trolls), Ungoliant (sire even the powers of the Elves. Among other things of Shelob), Balrogs and Orcs (11,113; 111,511; I, they destroyed the mightiest fleet the world had 46l; 11,423). Morgoth builds the fortress of ever known (111,392), tore Elenna (111,392) asunder Thangorodrim in Angband, later Angmar (iron-home) so that it sank and thus destroyed the rest of the and corrupts Sauron to become his servant; whatever Numenoreans save Elendil and his group of the faith- creature Sauron was, he was not evil in the begin- ful, granted the option of Immortality to the Half- ning (1,351? 11,452).