Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection Fall 1974 Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 24, No. 1 Albert F. Jordan Theodore W. Jentsch Carol Shiels Roark Suzanne Cox Louis Winkler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag Part of the American Art and Architecture Commons, American Material Culture Commons, Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Cultural History Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, Fiber, Textile, and Weaving Arts Commons, Folklore Commons, Genealogy Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, History of Religion Commons, Linguistics Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. Recommended Citation Jordan, Albert F.; Jentsch, Theodore W.; Roark, Carol Shiels; Cox, Suzanne; and Winkler, Louis, "Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 24, No. 1" (1974). Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine. 61. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/61 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AUTUMN 1974 Contributors STATEMENT OF OWNERSI-UP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION REQUIRED BY THE ACT OF to this Issue CONGRESS OF AUGUST 12,1970 (Section 3685, Title 39, Un ited States Code) Of P e nn sy l ~an i a Folkli fe, published 5 times yearl y at ALBERT F. JORDAN, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, was Lancaster, Pa., for October 1, 1974. trained as an engineer and was employed by Bethlehem Steel until retirement several years ago. Since then he has 1. The names and addresses of publisher, editor, busi­ ness manager are: Publisher - Pennsylv ania Folklife been engaged in volunteer work at the Moravian Archives Society, Lancaster, Pa., Editor - Dr. Don Yoder, Philadel­ in Bethlehem, translating the letters of Peter Boehler and re­ phia, Pa., Business Manager - Mark R. Eaby, Jr., Lancaster, searching the life of Bishop Spangenberg. His article in this Pa. issue contributes solidly to our knowledge of German 2. The owner is: Pennsylvania Folkli fe Society, Box building procedures in colonial Pennsylvania. 1053 or 3 Central Pl aza, Lancaster, Pa. 17602 and Ursinus Coll ege, Collegeville, Pa. 19426. CAROL ROARK, Paoli, Pennsylvania, is a native of New 3. The known bondholders, mortgagees and other Jersey and a graduate of Westminster College, New Wilming­ security hold ers owning or holding o ne percent or more ton, Pennsylvania, with an M.A. in Folklore and Folklife of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other securities from the University of Pennsylvania. She has been a teacher are: None in the public schools of Pennsylvania and at present is in­ 4. Extent and Nature of Circulation volved in architectural preservation efforts in Chester Average No. County, working as a consultant with the Yellow Springs Copies Each Single Issue Foundation. Issue During Nearest To Preceding Filing Date 12 Months DR. THEODORE W. JENTSCH, Kutztown, Pennsylvania, is a member of the Sociology Department at Kutztown A. Total No. Copies Printed 4 2,600 2,300 State College, and an ordained minister in the United Church B. Paid Circulation 1. Dealers and ca rriers, street of Christ. His paper in this issue is a chapter from his vendors and coun ter sales 27,200 50 doctoral dissertation on the community structure of the 2. Mail Su bscriptions 11,4 00 1,800 Old Order Mennonites of the Kutztown-Fleetwood area. C. Total Paid Circulation 38,600 1,850 The dissertation entitled "Mennonite Americans: A Study D. Free Distribution By Mail, of a Religious Sub cui ture from a Sociological Perspective", Carrier or Other Means was done in the Department of Sociology at the University 1. Samples, complimentary, of South Africa. other free copies 2,000 50 2. Copies distribu ted to news agents, but not so ld None None DR. LOUIS WINKLER, State College, Pennsylvania, is a member of the Department of Astronomy at the Pennsyl­ E. Total Distribu tion 4 0,600 1,900 vania State University. His article on the astronomical re­ F. Office Use, Left-over, searches of Pastor Johann Friederich Schmidt in this issue Un accounted, Spoiled 400 is the latest in his series on Pennsylvania German astronomy after Printing 2,000 and astrology. G. Total 42,600 ---~ SUZANNE COX, Washington, D.C., is on the staff of the I certify that the statements made by me above are Division of Performing Arts, Smithsonian Institution, in­ correct and complete. volved with the development of the Festival of American (signed) MARK R. EABY, JR. Folklife. Her paper in this issue was prepared for Professor Business Manager Dell Hymes in connection with her studies in anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania. EDITOR : Dr. D on Yoder FALL 1974, VOL. XXIV, NO.1 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: Dr. M ac E. Barrick LeR oy Gensler Dr. H enry Glassie Dr. J ohn A. H ostetler D avid J. Hufford Contents Dr. Phil Jack D r. Hilda A. Kring Dr. M aurice A. M ook Dr. Earl F. Robacker 2 Some Early Moravian Builders in America Dr. Alta Schrock ALBERT F. JORDAN FOLK FESTIVAL DIRECTOR: M ark R. Eaby, Jr. FOLK FESTI VA L PUBLIC RELATIONS: 18 Old Order Mennonite Family Life in the East Peg Zecher Penn Valley SUBSCRIPTIONS : THEODORE W. JENTSCH D oris E. Stief PENNSYLVANIA FOLKLIFE, Autumn 1974, Vol. 24, No.1, pub­ 28 Historic Yellow Springs: lished five times a year by the Pen.l­ The Restoration of an American Spa sylvania Folklife Society, Inc., Lan­ CAROL SmELS ROARK caster, Pennsylva nia. $1.50 for sing le copie s; Autumn, Winter, Spring and Summer. $1.00 for Folk 39 The Use of Speech at Two Auctions Festival Supplement. Yearly sub­ scription $6.00. SUZANNE COX MSS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: The Editor will be glad to consider MSS and photographs sent with a 45 Pennsylvania German Astronomy and Astrology view to publication. When unsuit­ IX: Johann Friederich Schmid t able, and if accompanied by return LOu\S WINKLER postage, every care will be exercised towad their return, although no responsibility for their safety is as­ sumed. COVER: Widows' House, Bethlehem, as constructed. 1767. Editorial correspondence: Dr. Don Yoder, L ogan Hall, Photo circa 1890. Standing. Box 13 , University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19174. Folk Festival correspondence: College Blvd. and Vine, Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 36: Kutztown, Pennsylvania J 9530. Courtship and Marriage Folk Festival public relations : Peg Zecher, 717 N. Swarthmore Ave., (Inside back cover) Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 1908l. Subscription, business correspondence: Box 1053, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contributors to this Issue Contents copyrighted. (Inside front cover) Entered as second class matter at Lancaster, Pa. Illustrations by courtesy of the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. Not to be reproduced without permission of the Archives. A rtist's rendition of the first house in Bethlehem. Build­ ing no longer remains. Some Early Moravian Builders In America By ALBERT F. JORDAN Often a talented person leaves his mark in history, of a log house about eight weeks later and which is but to succeeding generations his memory is dim or known to-day as the Gray Cottage.' These men had his identity may even be lost. When this happens, built similar shelters in Georgia,' and their skill may such a person's life work becomes a monument of a have been acquired of necessity. The school house was period in history without the refl ection of personal located and laid out by men Whitefield commissioned genius. The Moravians who were involved in con­ for this purpose (other than Mora vians ) . The building structing the buildings during their early settlement was to be of stone, but weather conditions caused in America may easily be pl ~l.C ed in this category. It suspension of the work, and it was not completed until is here purposed to bring some of these men back to 1744.· mind for a new generation and an age that is suddenly The Mor,avians then arranged for the purchase of concerned with historic values. a piece of land about ten miles from Whitefield's Of the Moravian Brethren who founded Bethlehem, property, on which they later established their settle­ Pennsylvania, the nucleus consisted of those who ac­ ment named Bethlehem. There they built their first companied Peter Boehl er from Georgia in April 1740. house of logs, according to early records, a portion These, while awaiting further instructions from Europe, being reserved for a nimals. It seems quite likely that agreed to construct a building for George Whitefield, the sequence of their construction matched that on the as a school house, on a piece of land which he had Whitefield property: a· rough shelter first, then the log recently purchased in Pennsylvania and later called Nazareth. When they first arrived on the Whitefield '], H . Miller reports (Memoir Box 4, 1782 ) the recoll ections land, they camped under an oak tree which they cut of Anton Seiffert and Peter Boehler. T he Bethlehem Diary, M ay 3, 1755, gives the same sequence of construction in a down the following morning, stripped the trunk of its recoll ection by Boehler, but wi th a possi ble difference in time bark, split the larger sections so they could use them interval. 'Adelaide L. Fries, M oravians in Georgia (R aleigh, N.C " to build a frame which they then covered with the 1905 ), pp. 67, 69, 79. This states that a rough shelter was bark. This served as their first shelter. Then followed buil t, then a building 20' x 10' foll owed by one 34' x 18'.