“Redemption of the Past, Present, and Future” Ruth 4 (Part 2) October 18, 2020 Faith Presbyterian Church – Morning Service Pastor Nicoletti We have our sixth and final sermon on the Book of Ruth this morning, as we look once more at chapter four. Let’s review once more what we’ve covered so far. In Ruth chapter one, Naomi left the Promised Land with her husband Elimelech and their two sons Mahlon and Chilion, traveling to Moab during a famine. In Moab, Naomi’s husband and two sons all died, leaving Naomi with her two daughters-in-law: Orpah and Ruth. When Naomi decided to return to Bethlehem, Ruth insisted on coming with her, pledging herself to Naomi and to the Lord – to Yahweh, the God of Israel. In chapter two, in order to feed herself and Naomi, Ruth goes out to glean – to harvest from the edges and remains of the fields of landowners in Bethlehem. In God’s providence Ruth comes to the field of Boaz, who treats her with great kindness and grace. Boaz, we then learn, is a close enough relative to Elimelech to serve as a possible kinsman- redeemer of Elimelech’s household. If Ruth chose to marry the next-in-line kinsman-redeemer of Elimelech, then her husband would not only be her husband, but her husband could redeem Naomi’s land and household. Ruth’s first son would then be considered a part of the household of Ruth’s first husband, and would be an heir of Naomi and continuation of Naomi’s household. This was a practice available to widows to provide for their needs in the ancient world, and to provide an inheritance line for the dead. In chapter three Ruth approaches Boaz and asks him to enter this kind of kinsman-redeemer marriage with her. Boaz enthusiastically agrees, but there is a twist. We learn that Boaz is not actually the next in line to serve as Ruth and Naomi’s kinsman-redeemer. He is second in line. And for Boaz to take up the role, the man who is first in line must first decline the role. Last week we considered the first part of chapter four and the way that the closer kinsman- redeemer declines to redeem Ruth, motivated by self-interest, while Boaz then agrees to redeem Ruth, motivated by self-sacrificial love. By the time we get to verse nine, the legal transaction is settled. Boaz will marry Ruth and serve as a Kinsman-Redeemer to both Ruth and the household of Naomi. You have printed for you in the bulletin all of chapter four. But we will begin reading this morning in verse nine – after the legal transaction with the closer potential kinsman-redeemer is completed, and as Boaz officially becomes the kinsman-redeemer. With all that in mind, we turn to Ruth chapter four, starting in verse nine. Please do listen carefully, for this is God’s word for us this morning. 1 4:9 Then Boaz said to the elders and all the people, “You are witnesses this day that I have bought from the hand of Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech and all that belonged to Chilion and to Mahlon. 10 Also Ruth the Moabite, the widow of Mahlon, I have bought [“acquired” is probably a better translation [See NASB, NIV, Block, 202, 211]] to be my wife, to perpetuate the name of the dead in his inheritance, that the name of the dead may not be cut off from among his brothers and from the gate of his native place. You are witnesses this day.” 11 Then all the people who were at the gate and the elders said, “We are witnesses. May the LORD [may Yahweh] make the woman, who is coming into your house, like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you act worthily in Ephrathah and be renowned in Bethlehem, 12 and may your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, because of the offspring that Yahweh will give you by this young woman.” 13 So Boaz took Ruth, and she became his wife. And he went in to her, and Yahweh gave her conception, and she bore a son. 14 Then the women said to Naomi, “Blessed be Yahweh, who has not left you this day without a redeemer, and may his name be renowned in Israel! 15 He shall be to you a restorer of life and a nourisher of your old age, for your daughter-in-law who loves you, who is more to you than seven sons, has given birth to him.” 16 Then Naomi took the child and laid him on her lap and became his nurse. 17 And the women of the neighborhood gave him a name, saying, “A son has been born to Naomi.” They named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse, the father of David. 18 Now these are the generations of Perez: Perez fathered Hezron, 19 Hezron fathered Ram, Ram fathered Amminadab, 20 Amminadab fathered Nahshon, Nahshon fathered Salmon, 21 Salmon fathered Boaz, Boaz fathered Obed, 22 Obed fathered Jesse, and Jesse fathered David. This is the word of the Lord. (Thanks be to God.) “All people are like grass, and all their glory is like the flowers of the field; the grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of the Lord endures forever.” [1 Peter 1:24-25] Let’s pray … Lord, our eyes long for your salvation and for the fulfillment of your righteous promises. Deal with us, your servants, according to your steadfast love, and teach us your statutes. We are your servants, and so we ask you to give us understanding, that we may know your testimonies. As we attend to your word now, help us to love it more than gold, even much fine gold. Make us to hold to your precepts as right, and to hate every false way. Grant this, we ask, in Jesus’s name. Amen [Based on Psalm 119:123-125, 127-128] 2 INTRODUCTION Here at the end of the Book of Ruth, everything seems to come together. Every problem introduced at the beginning has now found a solution. Every loss has been redeemed; every emptiness has been filled. Ruth is a book of hope and at its heart it is a book of redemption. And we see the fulfillment of that here in the last half of chapter four. In fact, here in this passage we see three dimensions of redemption: we see redemption of the past, redemption of the present, and redemption of the future. And that will be our focus this morning. REDEMPTION OF THE PAST PART 1: RUTH The first thing we see is redemption of the past. And we see this in two different ways. The first is the redemption of Ruth. And it is easy to miss this. At this point in the story, we are big fans of Ruth. We have seen her faith, we have seen her sacrificial love, we have seen her loyalty. So has Boaz and so have the people of Bethlehem, as Boaz points out in chapter three [3:11]. So when we come to the blessing the people give in verse eleven, as they proclaim “May Yahweh make the woman, who is coming into your house, like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel” or when we hear the women of the town proclaim in verse fifteen that Ruth is worth more to Naomi than seven sons, we can miss how shocking these statements are. Because Ruth is a Moabitess. And we have talked about this, but we haven’t really addressed what it meant for Ruth’s legal standing in Israel. In Deuteronomy 23:3, in the Law of Moses, we read: “No Ammonite or Moabite may enter the assembly of Yahweh. Even to the tenth generation, none of them may enter the assembly of Yahweh forever.” Now, what did this prohibition mean, why was it put into place, and what was its duration? First, in terms of what a Moabite was excluded from, there is some debate. Some argue that the prohibition is meant to exclude them from the covenant [Keil & Delitzsch, I.III:413]. Others argue that the assembly they are being excluded from is the civic assembly – the government and the ruling of Israel. [Alter, 992] Either way, a Moabite and a descendant of a Moabite were excluded from full membership in the assembly of Israel. Why was this? Well, it was because of Moab’s history with Israel. In Numbers 22-24, the people of Moab hired a prophet to curse Israel. Then, when that didn’t work, the women of Moab came to the men of Israel and enticed them to sexual immorality and to idolatry. [Numbers 25] Moab was intentionally and proactively set on tempting the Israelites to turn from Yahweh and from Yahweh’s commands to them. The law of exclusion in Deuteronomy 23:3 was not rooted in racism or in tribalism, but in a desire to protect the people of God from the spiritual threat the people of Moab presented to them. That’s why the prohibition was in place. 3 How long did the prohibition last? Verse three at first says ten generations, and then it says “forever”, which tells us that the “ten generations” was likely not literal, but symbolic of forever. [Keil & Delitzsch, I.III:413-414; Barker, 363] The people of Moab were excluded from key aspects of the life of Israel, forever, because of the spiritual threat they posed to the people of God.