The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass: A Biblical Prayer Edited by Rev. Christopher J. Pollard ii Preface Acknowledgements To many Catholics for whom the sacred ritual of the Holy Permissions to reprint texts from the Revised Standard Mass has become only a routine, it comes as a startling Version of the Holy Bible, the General Instructions of the revelation that the prayers and gestures of the Holy Sacrifice Roman Missal, and the Sacramentary are being sought. find their origin in the divine worship mandated by and offered to Almighty God in the Sacred Scriptures. Many a The Altar of the Sacraments by Rogier van der Weyden can Bible reader will find great joy in this discovery. be visited at the Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp. For the instruction of altar boys as well as the elect of the catechumenate, this guide took shape in haste and drew Photographs of the Holy Father appear (hopefully) courtesy heavily from existing pieces of a similar nature. As years of of l’Osservatore Romano. questions and clarifications refined it, a substantially different work has taken shape. Originally composed for Many people, especially my own brothers, have provided study purposes, this current format ought to allow for helpful advice. Mr. Edward Horkan, esq., Rev. Jason Gray, reverent use during the Holy Mass, thus promoting the “full, For their inspiration and assistance, I am particularly active conscious participation of the faithful” advanced by indebted to Rev. Hugh Barbour, o.pream. of Saint Michael the Second Vatican Council. Abbey, and Rev. Lee Gross of the Diocese of Arlington and the faculty of Mount Saint Mary Seminary. While the prayers and instructions for the Holy Mass are found on the left-facing pages, their biblical origin can be With gratitude for his tuition in the classroom and the seen on the right. Where a thorough citation of all sanctuary, this work is dedicated to the Reverend Doctor references would make for a clumsy liturgical aid or where a Goswin Habets. Oremus nos peccatores pro invicem. less exact relationship is enjoyed, endnotes provide further Fr. Christopher J. Pollard material for study and meditation. May 2001 Commentaries on the Holy Mass abound. Their quality varies. Liturgical piety that promotes the moral and spiritual life begins, however, with a sound catechetical understanding of the Holy Mass. In addition to the magisterial explanation of the Holy Mass found in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the Councils and Doctors of the Church supply a rich treasury of guidance. In conjunction with these, a simple resource such as the booklet in your hands will magnify the impact on the your mind and heart of the words that pass through your lips. Sometimes familiarity with the vernacular allows our liturgical language to seem arbitrary and open to endless revision. As we recognize liturgical prayers as biblical language, we will allow our interior life to be transformed by the liturgy, instead of demanding the liturgy conform to our psychology. For instance, consider the following approach to the liturgical dialogue between God and man. In the Liturgy of the Word, Jesus Christ the Word of God addresses us. The faithful respond with acclamations after the readings, with the antiphon of the psalm, in the Creed as an act of faith and in the Intercessions as an act of hope. In the Liturgy of the Eucharist, Jesus Christ the Son of God addresses the Father in the eucharistic canon. In imitation the congregation addresses the Father “in the words our Savior gave us”. In the Communion Rite, Jesus Christ the Lamb of God consumes us as we receive Him. Recognizing that the Divine Liturgy is principally the work of God, with Jesus Christ the head of the Church leading the congregation to the heavenly Jerusalem, we may better appreciate and exercise our noble participation whether as an ordained priest serving in the person of Christ or as one of the countless faithful members of Our Lord’s kingdom of priests. Let us pray! iii John 6:53-69 Saint Justin Martyr Jesus said to them, "Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the First Apology flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in Letter written to the Roman Emperor, Antoninus Pius, you; he who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and in the year 155. I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is food indeed, and Chapter LXVI. my blood is drink indeed. He who eats my flesh and drinks my Of the Eucharist. blood abides in me, and I in him. As the living Father sent me, and And this food is called among us [the Eucharist], I live because of the Father, so he who eats me will live because of of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that me. This is the bread which came down from heaven, not such as the things which we teach are true, and who has been washed with the fathers ate and died; he who eats this bread will live for ever." the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, This he said in the synagogue, as he taught at Caper'na-um. Many and who is so living as Christ has enjoined. For not as common bread of his disciples, when they heard it, said, "This is a hard saying; and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus who can listen to it?" But Jesus, knowing in himself that his Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh by the Word of God, had disciples murmured at it, said to them, "Do you take offense at this? both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been Then what if you were to see the Son of man ascending where he taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and was before? It is the spirit that gives life, the flesh is of no avail; the from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the words that I have spoken to you are spirit and life. But there are flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh. For the apostles, in some of you that do not believe." For Jesus knew from the first who the memoirs composed by them, which are called Gospels, have thus those were that did not believe, and who it was that would betray delivered unto us what was enjoined upon them; that Jesus took him. And he said, "This is why I told you that no one can come to bread, and when He had given thanks, said, “This do ye in me unless it is granted him by the Father." After this many of his remembrance of Me, this is My body; ”and that, after the same disciples drew back and no longer went about with him. Jesus said manner, having taken the cup and given thanks, He said, “This is My to the twelve, "Do you also wish to go away?" Simon Peter blood; ”and gave it to them alone. Which the wicked devils have answered him, "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of imitated in the mysteries of Mithras, commanding the same thing to eternal life; and we have believed, and have come to know, that be done. For, that bread and a cup of water are placed with certain you are the Holy One of God." incantations in the mystic rites of one who is being initiated, you either know or can learn. Matthew 26:25-30/Mark 14:22-26 Chapter LXVII. Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and broke it, Weekly Worship of the Christians. and gave it to the disciples and said, “Take, eat; this is my body.” And we afterwards continually remind each other of these things. And He took a cup, and when He had given thanks He gave it to And the wealthy among us help the needy; and we always keep them, saying, “Drink of it, all of you; for this is my blood of the together; and for all things wherewith we are supplied, we bless the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. I Maker of all through His Son Jesus Christ, and through the Holy tell you I shall not drink again of this fruit of the vine until that day Ghost. And on the day called Sunday, all who live in cities or in the when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.” And when country gather together to one place, and the memoirs of the apostles they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. or the writings of the prophets are read, as long as time permits; then, when the reader has ceased, the president verbally instructs, and Luke 22:14-20 exhorts to the imitation of these good things. Then we all rise And when the hour came, He sat at table, and the apostles with Him. together and pray, and, as we before said, when our prayer is ended, And He said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this passover bread and wine and water are brought, and the president in like with you before I suffer; for I tell you I shall not eat it until it is manner offers prayers and thanksgivings, according to his ability, and fulfilled in the kingdom of God.” And He took a cup, and when He the people assent, saying Amen; and there is a distribution to each, had given thanks He said, "Take this, and divide it among yourselves; and a participation of that over which thanks have been given, and to for I tell you that from now on I shall not drink of the fruit of the vine those who are absent a portion is sent by the deacons.