Interview with Harold Steele # VR2-A-L-2008-059.01 Interview # 1: September 8, 2008 Interviewer: Mark DePue COPYRIGHT The following material can be used for educational and other non-commercial purposes without the written permission of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. “Fair use” criteria of Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976 must be followed. These materials are not to be deposited in other repositories, nor used for resale or commercial purposes without the authorization from the Audio-Visual Curator at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, 112 N. 6th Street, Springfield, Illinois 62701. Telephone (217) 785-7955 DePue: Today is Monday, September 8, 2008. I’m here with Harold Steele. I have just talked to his wife Margery before, this morning, but it’s my delight to have a chance to talk to you today, Harold. Thank you very much. Steele: Mark, I’m just honored you’re here. Margery and I are very pleased, not only to play a role in what we think is very historic, and the fact that you have demonstrated not only your knowledge on the history, but also your demeanor, and knowing how to ask and when to ask, it’s a pleasure. DePue: Well, thank you very much Harold; it didn't even take that much money for you to get to say that. The reason I’m here, quite frankly, is because I know that Don Shandrow, who’s another one of our excellent interviewers, has talked with you already about your experiences as a farmer and in the Farm Bureau and things like that. He deliberately stayed away from a detailed discussion about your military experiences, but insisted that I have a chance to talk to you about it. So that’s why I’m really excited about being able to come up here and talk to both you and Margery. Let’s start off at the beginning. When and where were you born? Steele: I was born July 8, 1922, at Sublette, Illinois, which is in Lee County, twenty miles from where we’re sitting on the family farm. The reason it was in Lee County, because my mother had been advised from a very close friend of hers that Dr. Angaer in Sublette had a new system of childbirth that’s nearly painless, and she thought having given birth to three children already, it’s time she got a painless opportunity. So that’s where I was born, the little village of Sublette. The doctor had taken two houses and put a walkway between, enclosed walkway, and that was the hospital. And it went on for many years. DePue: Your family wasn’t living in Sublette at the time? Steele: No. Right here at the farm. Harold Steele # VR2-A-L-2008-059 DePue: Okay. I want to hear your explanation for how your ancestors ended up here in Illinois. Steele: We’ll start with my paternal ancestors. Well, first of all I’d say a certain George Steele passed away at an advanced age in 1634 in the East, and I believe it was in Connecticut. Then our family history is elapsed until 1848 when my great- grandfather, his widowed mother and his siblings came to Dover from Ohio. I know not what happened to his father other than he was killed in an accident in the woods. Why his mother selected Dover I do not know. But the family came to Dover and he was about twenty-one years of age, worked on the farm a year and found out that his health did not permit that sort of labor, and became employed in a general store. And in a few years he owned a general store. If I might say, this is a story I use saying that I’m a born loser. [both chuckle] My great-grandfather, after he was employed at this general store, met another young storekeeper about his age and they had much in common. as they worked together for a short period of time, they decided, look, we really have the same goals in life. We believe in the general stores. If we form a partnership, this could minimize our individual weaknesses, multiply our strengths, and we should really have a very successful venture. The question then was, where should we have the store? My great-grandfather says, Right here in Dover. There’s six hundred people, all of the farmers in the area. And of course at that time, farms were small and there were many farmers. And also the transient trade. The transient trade would be from southern Illinois, eastern Missouri, and southeastern Iowa going up this little diagonal trail to this little village in the swamps next to Lake Michigan called Chicago. And my grandfather thought also, The railroad is going to come. Little did he realize the politicians at Princeton, the county seat, would switch the railroad and go through Princeton. [both chuckle] Right here’s the place! The other fellow says, Well, no, you could be right, but I believe Chicago might be the way to go. So they didn’t form the partnership; my grandfather did build his store in Dover. And Marshall Field went up to Chicago to build his store. So I’m a born loser! [laughter] Now Mark, I told that story to the Chicago Farmers, and at that time in history they held their meetings in the third floor of Marshall Field’s for lunch and meetings. So I told this story, but I said, “There’s an aftermath to that story. At this very moment, my niece is working in the treasurer’s office here at Marshall Field. We’re going to get our half yet.”[laughter] After the meeting, a little lady came up and said, “Mister, what’s your niece’s name? I work in the treasurer’s office, too!” So we’ve had fun. But it’s a story, it’s real, perhaps fabricated a bit through the years. But we all make mistakes regardless of our profession. I’ve made many mistakes myself. As long as we learn from a mistake, that’s okay. DePue: This is your great-grandfather you’ve been talking about, right? Steele: Yes. DePue: Maybe it wasn’t necessarily something he viewed as a mistake. It’s just a decision he made and life is what it is. 2 Harold Steele # VR2-A-L-2008-059 Steele: Absolutely. He retired on Park Avenue in Princeton, very wealthy from the standards here in Dover, and he was glad he did what he did. And I’m sure Marshall Field was tickled that he didn’t stay in Dover. DePue: What was your great-grandfather’s name, then? Steele: Andrew Lathrop Steele. DePue: Okay. Can you trace the family from him to when you were born, then? Steele: Yes. My great-grandfather had one daughter and five sons. My grandfather was the elder of those sons, and he was the one, the only one in that family, that chose to farm. So my great-grandfather bought the first eighty acres right where we’re sitting; this is the corner of that eighty acres, purchased in 1873, and this is where my grandfather started farming. Then my father, the oldest son of that marriage, was the only one in that family to farm, of the boys. One of his sisters married a farmer. And then in my generation, I’m the only one that stayed on the farm, and in my generation, now meaning our son, we have one son and he’s farming. So it is the fourth generation involved in the land. DePue: Now you had told me when we met earlier a story. I don't know if it was your father or your grandfather who was purchasing land in other parts of the country as well. Steele: Yes. My father. My father was born in 1882, and when he was twenty-one years of age, 1903, I just doubt if he’d ever been out of the county. I doubt that he’d been across the Mississippi River, which was sixty miles. But he went to Texas. I’m sure he got on the train at Princeton and went to Texas and bought a farm. I’ve often wondered as life proceeded on, why didn’t I sit down with my dad and say, Dad, why did you choose Texas? What did you see as an opportunity there? So I can’t answer; I don't know. But it’s the panhandle of Texas, flat and black, and I suspect he thought, There has got to be a future here. Now remember, he’s twenty-one. Dad finished grade school, one semester in high school, and he figured, That’s good enough. I’m going back to the farm, that’s what I want to do. I don't want education to interfere with my progress. [laughter] Dad, he had great management skills. He had a great philosophy on participating in the American enterprise system. And in his words, he said, “When I buy a piece of land, I had 50% cash in my pocket and I knew where the other 50% was going to come from.” So even though he borrowed that other 50%, he knew he could pay it off on a schedule that was very comfortable. To me, that’s a great story of our country: our dynamic system that works so well when we don’t interfere with the system. DePue: Did your father then move to Texas, or did he stay up here? Steele: He stayed right here on the farm and farmed with his father for a number of years.