id639728 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology ISSN (Online):2278-5299 – Volume 7, Issue 2: Page No.34 38 ,March-April 2018 https://www.mnkpublication.com/journal/ijlrst/index.php REVIEW ON PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE OF COMPETITIVE TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE Shweta Rana Assistant Professor,Amity University Haryana [email protected] – ’ Abstract Of today s fast paced technological innovations world, Competitive Technological Intelligence has become crucial for most of the business organization. It is one of the most important logical properties for business organization to have an edge in competition. This edge of technical intelligence can be anywhere ranging from products to services, customer acquisition to relationship management, marketing to branding, procurement to selling, product design to R&D and many others. My idea is to understand, how established organization and start-up organizations of academic institutions/e-selling companies are managing their Competitive Technical Intelligence? What is the importance of Technical Intelligence? What is the Past, Present and Future of Competitive Technological Intelligence Keywords: Competitive Technical Intelligence (CTI), Strategic decision making, Business Competitor 1. INTRODUCTION linked to the others by a feedback loop. We are describing — Competitive intelligence (CI)[7] is not a substitute for other them to you which is called as CI cycle bi CI professionals business processes, but rather that it is comprised of a number A. Planning & direction (working with decision makers to of building blocks[2] that hopefully merges the information discover and hone their intelligence needs): CI should only obtained from these processes to create a comprehensive, focus on those business issues that are of critical importance interpretable picture of a company's possible future for a company to know. These issues are known as key competitive environment at any given time. It has many intelligence needs or requirements. Typical topics could aspects of which the following are utilized most often: include tracking new knowledge, potential new players and competitor intelligence [4], technical intelligence, market and potential new technological breakthroughs, assessing current marketing intelligence, financial intelligence, product technology use, emerging technology processes, potential intelligence and customer intelligence. disruptions and new approaches and applications, and CI is a management that enables executives to make assessing new business prospects, market niches and key smarter, more successful decisions, thereby minimizing risk, players' relations. A key decision maker might ask whether avoiding being blind-cited, and getting it right the first time. there are competing or complementary technologies, who the Executives are always surprised when their decisions or competitors are, what role technology plays in their strategies do not produce the desired results. The CI process competitive advantage [1] and what the potential applications enables executives within every area in their firms, from for a new technology are. R&D to divisions that invest in tactics and long term business B. Collection activities (conducted legally and ethically): strategies to make the correct decisions. Furthermore, it is not Collection comes from a variety of different sources and a process that attempts to collect, analyze and convert gathering techniques for examination and verification during information into intelligence and provide management with the CI process. A variety of internal (information specialists, their exact answer they are after, but it attempts to collect legal and patent staff, and specialists in the company, for enough information to draw a reasonable conclusion for example technology forecasters and R&D staff), external immediate action. “ (technical colleagues, industry experts and analysts, Competitive intelligence is the action of defining, gathering, university staff and consultants), primary (verbal) and analyzing, and distributing intelligence about products, secondary (published, written) sources should be used. There customers, competitors, and any aspect of the environment are a innumerable of secondary sources one could access, for needed to support executives and managers making strategic ” example internal databases, R&D plans, project proposals, decisions for an organization . Competitive intelligence – published research and market assessments, patent layers, activities can be basically grouped into two main types 1) databases, annual reports and science publications. In Tactical, which is a shorter-term activity and seeks to provide technical CI, information is rarely available directly from the input into issues such as capturing market share or increasing companies that are being targeted. The CI professional needs revenues; and 2) Strategic, which focuses on longer-term to create a network of sources interacting with the target issues such as key risks and opportunities facing the company, including suppliers of services and goods, diverse enterprise. Competitive intelligence is different from government agencies and customers. This network can help corporate or industrial espionage, which use illegal and provide the elusive pieces of data and information. In unethical methods to gain an unfair competitive advantage. addition, network analysis can reveal experts who will be The CI process is usually divided into five basic phases, each helpful in interpreting the findings. Publication History MISaSnuNsc:r2ip2t 7R8ec-e5iv2ed9 9 : 9 M a r c h 2 0 1 8 34 Manuscript Accepted : 28 March 2018 Revision Received : 30 April 2018 Manuscript Published : 30 April 2018 International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology. time of turmoil of the Spring and Autumn period around the C. Analysis (interpreting data and compiling recommended sixth century B.C. Sun Tzu is one of the first to have actions): During this phase, information is turned into mentioned that a source of competitive advantage (in this intelligence through a process of interpretation and the results case against military enemies) could be acquired by superior should be useable in strategic decision-making. CTI is most knowledge of information. Whether they were aware of Sun valuable to guide and support various business decisions. To ’ Tzu s work or not, various States throughout history set up understand the competitor's ongoing activities and plans, systems of espionage and information gathering which could diverse signals have to be reviewed and interpreted to provide help decision makers in achieving victory. This trend clues about R&D, manufacturing and product rollout continued and was reinforced up until today, when most approaches. For example, a specific company's new research countries have set up intelligence programs for military and collaborations and scientist hiring can shed light on likely diplomatic purposes. Until recently, pre-eminence was given development priorities. The popular analysis tools used are to this side of intelligence, though evidence of intelligence scenario analysis, cost analysis (product, process and gathering for economic purposes has also existed. technology), trend analysis and technological assessments, and the popular Porter Five Forces, strengths, weaknesses, In 1986, the Society of Competitive Intelligence opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis and Professionals (SCIP) [8][5] was created to promote “ competitor/persons profiling. education and networking opportunities for business professionals working in the rapidly growing field of D. Dissemination (presenting findings to decision makers): competitive intelligence (the legal and ethical collection and The results of the CI process are communicated to those with analysis of information regarding the capabilities, the authority and responsibility to act on the findings in an ” vulnerabilities, and intentions of business competitors) . By appropriate format and at the right time. offering a chance for CI experts around the world to E. Feedback (taking into account the response of decision exchange ideas, this organization has enabled CI to become a makers and their needs for continued intelligence): CI more recognized field of corporate strategy.CI has from the requires appropriate policies, procedures and an infrastructure start been reinforced by the knowledge of intelligence experts so that employees may contribute effectively to the CI system from other fields. A good example of that is the CI unit of as well as gain the benefits from the CI process. Motorola where the former director of Intelligence was previously an intelligence officer for the CIA. The end of the I. CTI PAST: Cold War similarly liberated many intelligence experts who The traditional CTI process has become known as the were seeking new opportunities, further increasing the “ ” Herring Model of competitive intelligence after its most development of competitive intelligence. The 1990s also elegant articulator, Jan Herring. This is by now, quite familiar represent the development of competitive intelligence and consists of a five step process: throughout the world as SCIP extended its activities in the United Kingdom, Sweden and France. A. NEEDS ASSESSMENT: What is it that the decision “ makers need to know? What problem do they need to In 1997, France