Initial Environmental Examination June 2017 SRI: Second Integrated Road Investment Program Western Province Prepared by Road Development Authority, Ministry of Higher Education and Highways for the Government of Sri Lanka and the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 May 2017) Currency unit – Sri Lanka Rupee (SLRl} SLR1.00 = $ 0.00655 $1.00 = Rs 152.63 ABBREVIATIONS ABC - Aggregate Base Course AC - Asphalt Concrete ADB - Asian Development Bank CBO - Community Based Organizations CEA - Central Environmental Authority DoF - Department of Forest DOI - Department of Irrigation DSDs - Divisional Secretary Divisions DOFC - Department of Forest Conservation DWLC - Department of Wild Life Conservation EC - Environmental Checklist EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan EPL - Environmental Protection License ESDD - Environmental and Social Development Division FBO - Farmer Based Organizations GND - Grama Niladhari Divisions GoSL - Government of Sri Lanka GRC - Grievance Redress Committee GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism GSMB - Geological Survey and Mines Bureau IEE - Initial Environmental Examination iRoad - Integrated Road Investment Program iRoad 2 - Second Integrated Road Investment Program LA - Local Authority LAA - Land Acquisition Act MC - Municipal Council MER - Manage Elephant Range MOHPS - Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards NBRO - National Building Research Organization NEA - National Environmental Act NWS&DB - National Water Supply and Drainage Board PCPIU - Project Coordination Project Implementing Unit PIC - Project Implementation Consultant PIU - Project Implementation Unit PRDA - Provincial Road Development Authority PS - Pradeshiya Sabha RDA - Road Development Authority ROW - Right of Way TOR - Terms of Reference TEEMP - Transport Emissions Evaluation Model for Projects UNEP - United Nations Environment Program This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... I A. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... i B. Approach and Methodology............................................................................................ ii C. Policy and Legal Framework .......................................................................................... ii D. Description of the Project ............................................................................................... ii E. Description of Existing Environment .............................................................................. iii F. Protected Areas and Biodiversity .................................................................................. iii G. Socio-Economic Status ................................................................................................. iii H. Existing Infrastructure Facilities and Mega Development .............................................. iv I. Sites with Religious, Cultural and Archaeological Importance ........................................ v J. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ......................... v K. Institutional Requirements, EMP and Grievance Redress Mechanism .......................... vi L. Public Consultation and Disclosure .............................................................................. vii M. Conclusion and Recommendations .............................................................................. vii I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 A. Background ................................................................................................................... 1 B. Objectives of the proposed project ................................................................................ 2 C. Objectives of the Initial Environmental Examination ...................................................... 2 D. Approach, Methodology and Personnel Involved ........................................................... 3 E. Literature Survey & desk Study ..................................................................................... 5 F. Observation Method for community participation ........................................................... 5 G. Line Agency meetings ................................................................................................... 5 H. Impacts for Sensitive areas ........................................................................................... 5 II. POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 6 A. Legal Framework .......................................................................................................... 6 B. Policy Framework .........................................................................................................14 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ..............................................................................17 A. Location of the project ..................................................................................................17 B. Need of the Project ......................................................................................................17 C. Analysis of Alternatives ................................................................................................18 D. Magnitude of Operations ..............................................................................................18 IV. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ...........................................................21 A. Physical Environment ...................................................................................................21 B. Ecological Environment ................................................................................................38 C. Socio - Economic Environment ....................................................................................41 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES ...........................................................................................................................48 A. Pre-Construction Stage ................................................................................................48 B. Construction stage .......................................................................................................49 C. Operation Stage ...........................................................................................................61 D. Positive Impacts of the Project .....................................................................................62 E. Climate Change Impacts and Risks ..............................................................................63 VI. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ..................................................................................65 A. Institutional Arrangement .............................................................................................65 B. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plans ......................................................65 C. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...................................................................................66 VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ..................................68 A. Public Consultation Process .........................................................................................68 B. Disclosure of information ..............................................................................................69 VIII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...............................................................70 LIST OF APPENDIXES APPENDIX I.A RURAL ROAD LIST OF COLOMBO DISTRICT – WESTERN PROVINCE ......71 APPENDIX I.D SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLISTS ...................................................85 APPENDIX III.A GENERAL LOCATION MAPS ..................................................................... 115 APPENDIX III.D MAP OF MATERIAL EXTRACTION LOCATIONS IN WESTERN PROVINCE ............................................................................................................................................. 118 APPENDIX III.E PROPOSED CROSS SECTIONS ............................................................... 119 APPENDIX IV.A MAP OF STREAM CROSSINGS OF PROJECT ROADS ............................ 133 APPENDIX IV.B MAP OF DETECTED FLOODS IN COLOMBO AND GAMPAHA ................. 136 APPENDIX VI.A SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR RURAL ROADS ............................................................................................................................................. 138 APPENDIX VI.B SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CHECKLIST FOR RURAL ROADS ................................................................................................................................