2020 Terrapin Open Packet 10 By Caleb Kendrick, Vishwa Shanmugam, Graham Reid, Emmett Laurie, Joelle Smart, Ewan MacAulay, Jack Lewis, Alex Echikson, Naveed Chowdhury, Justin Hawkins, Ophir Lifshitz, Ani Perumalla, Jason Shi, Kai Smith, Anson Berns, Jakobi Deslouches, NourEddine Hijazi, Caroline Mao, and Ethan Strombeck Tossups 1. While going “a-begging from door to door,” the narrator of a poem by this author places “the least little ​ grain of corn” into a figure’s open palm. A poem by this author asks a figure what “divine drink” they would choose from “this overflowing cup of my life.” In one poem, this writer pines for a place where “the clear stream of reason has not lost its way into the dreary desert sand of dead habit.” This poet asked “Have you not heard his silent steps?” before repeating a line about how God (*) “comes, comes, ever comes.” The narrator ​ of a poem by this author declares “I know not how thou singest, my master!” This author, who asked “my Father, let my country awake” in “a place in which the mind is without fear,” opened a collection by proclaiming “thou hast made me endless.” For 10 points, name this author who frequently addressed God in his collection Gitanjali. ​ ​ ANSWER: Rabindranath Tagore ​ <AP, World/Other Literature> 2. Phil Baran’s psychotrimine synthesis used an oxidized form of ortho-iodoaniline as a surrogate cation of ​ this compound. The dimethyl acetal (“ASS-uh-tal”) of DMF and pyrrolidine react with an o-nitrotoluene to give an intermediate that is reductively cyclized to form this compound. The alkaloid gramine can be prepared by Mannich reaction of dimethylamine and formaldehyde at this compound’s (*) C3 carbon, its most ​ susceptible position to electrophilic aromatic substitution. The [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of an ene-hydrazine is the key step in a reaction that generates derivatives of this compound from a phenylhydrazine and a carbonyl (“car-bo-NEEL”) under acidic conditions. The Leimgruber–Batcho and Fischer syntheses prepare this compound. For 10 points, name this aromatic heterocycle that consists of fused pyrrole and benzene rings and is found in the side chain of tryptophan. ANSWER: indole [accept tryptamine until “gramine” is read] ​ ​ ​ ​ <EM, Chemistry> 3. Ramsey Muñiz twice ran for governor in this state as the Raza Unida Party candidate, losing both times to ​ a man whose candidacy was helped by his predecessor’s Sharpstown stock fraud scandal. Errol Morris’s documentary The Thin Blue Line campaigned for the exoneration of Randall Dale Adams, a man wrongly ​ ​ convicted of killing a cop in this state, whose death sentence was commuted by Bill Clement. A 1960s governor from this state served as Secretary of the Treasury during the removal of the (*) US dollar from the ​ gold standard. A governor from this state orchestrated a pay-to-play program that resulted in the NCAA’s (“N-C-double-A’s”) only death penalty given to a football program. A Governor of this state quipped that George H. W. Bush was “born with a silver foot in his mouth” during a 1988 DNC keynote address; Karl Rove later helped unseat her. For 10 points, Ann Richards was succeeded by George W. Bush as governor of what state? ANSWER: Texas ​ <AE, American History> 4. A sculpture housed in this building depicts a woman whose foot rests above England on a globe. That ​ monument depicts four women symbolizing the cardinal virtues and a bronze skeleton emerging from a door while holding a gilded hourglass. Four arched ribs support a golden globe with a tall cross standing on it at the top of a sculpture held in this building; that sculpture is adorned with many putti, olive sprigs, and bees. A key-shaped piazza outside of this building has a trapezoidal entrance and contains (*) colonnades that trace ​ out an oval shape, representing maternal arms. Beams from the Pantheon were melted down for the bronze used in a sculpture housed in this building. The Barberini’s coat of arms are found on the four twisting Solomonic columns of a sculpture found in this building. For 10 points, name this church that houses a baldachin (“BALL-duh-kin”) by Gianlorenzo Bernini, which marks the location of the first pope’s tomb. ANSWER: St. Peter’s Basilica [or Papal Basilica of St. Peter in the Vatican; or Basilica Papale di San Pietro in ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Vaticano; accept the Tomb of Alexander VII, which is housed within the building, and which the first two clues ​ ​ refer to] <VS, Painting/Sculpture> 5. Description acceptable. An artifact named for Nestor that describes “desire for beautifully-crowned ​ ​ ​ Aphrodite” is evidence of the early development of this system. According to Plutarch, Agesilaus adapted this system from another precursor he discovered in Egypt, by which he was instructed to establish games in honor of the Muses. According to Hyginus, Hermes was inspired to improve this system by the shape of a flock of cranes. Palamedes invented eleven components of this system, which was imported to Italy by Evander of Pallene and his mother Carmenta. Following the (*) abduction of Europa, her brother spread this ​ system while searching for her. This system was most famously introduced from Phoenicia by Cadmus, who adapted the shape of this system’s symbols. For 10 points, the Iliad was committed to text with what writing system ​ ​ that includes the letters alpha and beta? ANSWER: Greek alphabet [accept letters of the Greek alphabet; prompt on script or writing] ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ <JSH, Mythology> 6. The future son-in-law of a politician from this family was arrested while dressed in women’s clothing in a ​ society scandal called the “Dance of the Forty-One.” A ruler from this family lost popularity after he protected American business interests by arresting striking workers at Cananea and Río Blanco. A politician from this family was sent to Japan in order to prevent him from ascending to the presidency per the terms of a treaty negotiated by Henry Lane Wilson, the Pact of the Embassy. A group of cadets freed (*) Bernardo ​ Reyes and a member of this family from prison at the start of the Ten Tragic Days. José Posada created calaveras ​ cartoons satirizing a politician from this family who promoted the policies of technocrats known as científicos. That ​ ​ man came to power under the motto “no reelection,” a slogan his opponents would later co-opt in the Plan of San Luis Potosí. For 10 points, name this Mexican family whose best-known member presided over the Porfiriato. ANSWER: Díaz [or Porfirio Díaz; or Félix Díaz] ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ <CK, World History> 7. The Lindhard formula for the dielectric function takes this process into account. Friedel (“free-DEL”) ​ oscillations result from the fact that particles undergoing this process are energetically limited by the Fermi momentum. This process adds a second term to the denominator of the momentum-space Green’s function for Poisson’s equation, and it can be described by the mass of the force-carrying field. Assuming a thermal distribution of carriers, one can derive the (*) Debye (“duh-BYE”) length over which this process takes place. A ​ decaying exponential factor accounts for this process in the Yukawa potential, which is the analog to the Coulomb potential when this process is present. For 10 points, name this process in which opposite charges partially cancel, reducing the strength of the resulting field. ANSWER: screening [accept charge screening or electric field screening; accept screened Coulomb potential; ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ accept charge shielding or Debye shielding] ​ ​ ​ ​ <GR, Physics> 8. This church’s liturgy includes the Book of the Cock, a gospel narrative that claims that Pontius Pilate was ​ forced to execute Jesus against his will. Along with another church based to its north, this church venerates Pontius Pilate as a saint. Until 1951, this church usually had only one bishop, who was imported from abroad and called the abun. A Biblical text named for (*) 49-year periods of history survives in full only in the language ​ ​ ​ of this church; that text is the Book of Jubilees, which this church includes in its Biblical canon along with the Books of Meqabyan. Every house of worship of this church contains a symbolic representation of an object from the Old Testament. This church describes its monophysite beliefs with the term “Tewahedo.” For 10 points, name this Oriental Orthodox church that claims to possess the original Ark of the Covenant and uses the liturgical language Ge’ez (“GHEE-ezz”). ANSWER: Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church [accept Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, since the two ​ ​ ​ ​ churches were historically one; accept Tewahedo until read; prompt on Orthodox] ​ ​ ​ ​ <NC, Religion: Christianity> 9. A paper about this phenomenon argues that the rules governing it are not like the Queensberry Rules. That ​ paper inspired a 1972 paper by Thomas Nagel, which defends a limited “absolutist” view concerning the ethicality of this phenomenon over a purely “utilitarian” one. A paper about this phenomenon imagines a Catholic schoolboy who is confused about why a certain action is “accidental,” arguing that its ethicality conflicts with the Doctrine of Double Effect. That paper’s author, (*) G. E. M. Anscombe, argued against this ​ phenomenon’s morality in “Mr. Truman’s Degree.” Tests for its ethicality include proportionality and right intention. A 1977 book about this phenomenon with “historical illustrations” grew out of its author’s work on the “problem of dirty hands.” That Michael Walzer book divided this phenomenon into “just” and “unjust” types. For 10 points, name this phenomenon, a realist view of which was presented in the magnum opus of Claus von Clausewitz. ANSWER: war [accept just war theory] ​ ​ ​ ​ <CK, Philosophy> 10. This novel’s protagonist is informed that women are like the “enchanted forest” from Jerusalem Delivered ​ ​ by a Russian doctor with a German name who fell out of favor after being accused of drawing caricatures of his patients.