Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Regulation 11-18: Toxic Risk Reduction Rule Regulation 12-16: Petroleum Refining Emissions Limits and Risk Thresholds Prepared for: Bay Area Air Quality Management District 375 Beale St., Suite 600 San Francisco, CA 94105 Contact: Victor Douglas (415) 749-4752 Prepared By: Environmental Audit, Inc. 1000-A Ortega Way Placentia, CA 92870 Contact: Debra Bright Stevens (714) 632-8521 March 2017 Bay Area Air Quality Management District Table of Contents Table of Contents Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Regulation 11-18: Toxic Risk Reduction Rule Regulation 12-16: Petroleum Refining Emissions Limits and Risk Thresholds Page No. CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 California Environmental Quality Act ................................................................ .1-2 1.2.1 Notice of Preparation and Initial Study. .................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 Type of EIR. .............................................................................................. 1-3 1.2.3 Intended Use of this Document. ................................................................ 1-3 1.2.4 Areas of Controversy. ................................................................................ 1-4 1.3 Executive Summary: Chapter 2 – Project Description. ....................................... 1-4 1.3.1 Rule 12-16 Refinery Emissions Cap Rule. ................................................ 1-5 1.3.2 Rule 11-18 – Toxic Reduction Rule. ......................................................... 1-5 1.3.3 Project Objectives. ..................................................................................... 1-5 1.4 Executive Summary: Chapter 3 – Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures. ........................................................................................... 1-7 1.4.1 Air Quality ................................................................................................. 1-7 1.4.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ....................................................................... 1-9 1.4.3 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ........................................................... 1-10 1.4.4 Hydrology and Water Quality ................................................................. 1-13 1.4.5 Utilities and Service Systems .................................................................. 1-13 1.5 Executive Summary: Chapter 4 – Alternatives .................................................. 1-14 1.5.1 Project Alternatives for Proposed Rule 11-18 ......................................... 1-14 1.5.2 Project Alternatives for Proposed Rule 12-16 ......................................... 1-15 1.6 Executive Summary: Chapter 5 – References ................................................... 1-16 CHAPTER 2 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Rule 12-16 – Refinery Emissions Caps Rule ............................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Rule 11-18 – Toxic Risk Reduction Rule ................................................. 2-2 2.2 Project Location ................................................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Project Objectives ................................................................................................ 2-4 2.4 Background and Project Description ................................................................... 2-5 2.4.1 Background ............................................................................................... 2-5 2.4.2 Project Description. ................................................................................... 2-7 2.5 Sources Affected by Regulations 11-18 and 12-16 and Applicable Control Technologies ......................................................................................... 2-13 2.5.1 Sources that May Be Subject to Regulation 11, Rule 18 ....................... .2-14 2.5.2 Control Technologies that May Be Used to Comply with Regulation 11, Rule 18. ........................................................................... 2-26 2.5.3 Refinery Equipment Potentially Affected by Draft Rule 12-16 .............. 2-31 i Bay Area Air Quality Management District Table of Contents Page No. 2.5.4 Applicable SO2, NOx, PM2.5, and PM10 Emissions Control Technologies Used at Refineries. ............................................................ 2-36 2.5.5 GHG Emissions Reduction Opportunities .............................................. 2-41 CHAPTER 3- ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING, IMPACTS, MITIGATION MEASURES AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 3.1 Introduction. ...................................................................................................... 3.1-1 3.1.1 Environmental Setting. ........................................................................... 3.1-1 3.1.2 Significance Criteria ............................................................................... 3.1-2 3.1.3 Environmental Impacts. .......................................................................... 3.1-2 3.1.4 Mitigation Measures. .............................................................................. 3.1-3 3.1.5 Cumulative Impacts. ............................................................................... 3.1-4 3.2 Air Quality. ....................................................................................................... 3.2-1 3.2.1 Environmental Setting. ........................................................................... 3.2-1 3.2.2 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................ 3.2-14 3.2.3 Significance Criteria ............................................................................. 3.2-20 3.2.4 Environmental Impacts ......................................................................... 3.2-23 3.2.5 Mitigation Measures ............................................................................. 3.2-50 3.2.6 Cumulative Air Quality Impacts .......................................................... 3.2-52 3.3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions…….. ..................................................................... 3.3-1 3.3.1 Environmental Setting. ........................................................................... 3.3-3 3.3.2 Regulatory Setting. ................................................................................. 3.3-8 3.3.3 Thresholds of Significance. .................................................................. 3.3-15 3.3.4 Environmental Impacts. ........................................................................ 3.3-15 3.3.5 Mitigation Measures ............................................................................. 3.3-28 3.4 Hazards and Hazardous Materials. ................................................................... 3.4-1 3.4.1 Environmental Setting. ........................................................................... 3.4-1 3.4.2 Regulatory Setting. ................................................................................. 3.4-4 3.4.3 Significance Thresholds ....................................................................... 3.4-17 3.4.4 Environmental Impacts. ........................................................................ 3.4-18 3.4.5 Mitigation Measures. ............................................................................ 3.4-27 3.4.6 Cumulative Impacts .............................................................................. 3.4-29 3.5 Hydrology and Water Quality. .......................................................................... 3.5-1 3.5.1 Environmental Setting. ........................................................................... 3.5-1 3.5.2 Regulatory Setting. ................................................................................. 3.5-9 3.5.3 Significance Criteria ............................................................................. 3.5-15 3.5.4 Environmental Impacts ......................................................................... 3.5-16 3.5.5 Mitigation Measures. ............................................................................ 3.5-22 3.5.6 Mitigation Monitoring Requirements ....................................................3.5.23 3.5.7 Cumulative Impacts. ............................................................................. 3.5-23 ii Bay Area Air Quality Management District Table of Contents Page No. 3.6 Growth Inducing Impacts. ................................................................................ 3.6-1 3.6.1 Introduction. ........................................................................................... 3.6-1 3.6.2 Economic and Population Growth, And Related Public Services .......... 3.6-1 3.6.3 Removal of Obstacles To Growth .......................................................... 3.6-2 3.6.4 Development Or Encroachments Into Open Space ................................ 3.6-2 3.6.5 Precedent Setting Action ........................................................................ 3.6-2 3.6.6 Conclusion .............................................................................................. 3.6-3 3.7 Significant Environmental Effects Which Cannot be Avoided and Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes. .....................................