ASSESSING PROGRESS TOWARDS THE 2010 BIODIVERSITY TARGET: The 4th National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity Republic of the Philippines 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables 3 List of Figures 3 List of Boxes 4 List of Acronyms 5 Executive Summary 10 Introduction 12 Chapter 1 Overview of Status, Trends and Threats 14 1.1 Forest and Mountain Biodiversity 15 1.2 Agricultural Biodiversity 28 1.3 Inland Waters Biodiversity 34 1.4 Coastal, Marine and Island Biodiversity 45 1.5 Cross-cutting Issues 56 Chapter 2 Status of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 68 Chapter 3 Sectoral and cross-sectoral integration and mainstreaming of 77 biodiversity considerations Chapter 4 Conclusions: Progress towards the 2010 target and implementation of 92 the Strategic Plan References 97 Philippines Facts and Figures 108 2 LIST OF TABLES 1 List of threatened Philippine fauna and their categories (DAO 2004 -15) 2 Summary of number of threatened Philippine plants per category (DAO 2007 -01) 3 Invasive alien species in the Philippines 4 Jatropha estates 5 Number of forestry programs and forest management holders 6 Approved CADTs/CALTs as of December 2008 7 Number of documented accessions per crop 8 Number of classified water bodies 9 List of conservation and research priority areas for inland waters 10 Priority rivers showing changes in BOD levels 2003-2005 11 Priority river basins in the Philippines 12 Swamps/marshes in the Philippines 13 Trend of hard coral cover, fish abundance and biomass by biogeographic region 14 Quantity and value of fish production, by type of fishing operation 1996 to 2007 15 List of documented IKSPs of tribes 16 National biodiversity strategies and major thrusts 17 Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities (PBCP) strategies and immediate actions 18 Summary of Integrated Protected Areas Fund from 1996 to 2008 19 List of protected areas and income generated as of December 2008 20 Summary of MPAs- 1997, 2000 & 2007 LIST OF FIGURES 1 Map of the Philippines 2 Forest loss in the 20th century 3 Forest cover in forestlands and A&D land 4 Percentage of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) sites under some form of legal protection from 1996-2006 5 Production of logs, lumber, plywood and veneer 1997-2007 6 Reforestation efforts from 1976-2006 7 Forest fire disturbances, 1996-2006 8 Overlap of KBAs and mining applications 9 Laguna Lake Basin: conditions and trends 10 DO in Laguna de Bay and tributaries 11 BOD in Laguna de Bay and tributaries 12 Lake primary productivity, fish yield, chloride concentration, transparency and lake level, 2004-2006 13 Average DO and BOD levels in Pasig River System 1999-2007 14 Coral reef conditions in the Philippines 15 Fisheries exploitation rate in major fishing areas 16 Trend in mangrove cover from 1918 to 2008 17 Seagrass distribution in the Philippines 3 18 Complete nests and egg production of olive ridley in Bataan and Zambales (Aug. 2004- Feb. 2009) 19 Number of complete nests and egg production per year at BIMTS 1994-2007 20 HIETA income from ecotours 21 Kenhulung Foundation income from handicraft 22 PIDWWO net income from 2003-2008 23 User fee income in GIMS, 1998-2008 24 DENR budget allocation 1987-1999 25 On-going FASPs by sector 26 LGU budget by sector, by region 27 Administrative map showing Manila Bay – Pasig River – Laguna de Bay 28 Manila Bay institutional set-up 29 Partnerships in Laguna de Bay LIST OF BOXES 1 National Ecotourism Program 2004-2010 2 Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor (EMBC) Conservation Framework 3 Save the Northern Sierra Madre 4 LIST OF ACRONYMS 4NR Fourth National Report A&D Alienable and disposable A2C2 Albay in Action on Climate Change ACB ASEAN Center for Biodiversity ADB Asian Development Bank ADSDPP Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan AGF Agroforestry AHTEG Ad Hoc Technical Experts Group ARMM Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations AVLDA Allah Valley Development Alliance AZE Alliance for Zero Extinction BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources BAR Bureau of Agricultural Research BAFPS Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Product Standards BAI Bureau of Animal Industry BATTO Banaue Tour and Travel Organization BICMP Bataan Integrated Coastal Management Program BIMTS Baguan Island Marine Turtle Sanctuary BIMP-EAGA Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines- East Asia Growth Area BINU Biodiversity Indicators for National Use BOC Bureau of Customs BOD Biological Oxygen Demand BPI Bureau of Plant Industry BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management BZ Buffer zone CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon CALT Certificate of Ancestral Land Title CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBFMA Community-Based Forest Management Agreement CBFMP Community-Based Forest Management Program CDM Clean Development Mechanism CEPF Critical Ecosystems Partnership Funds CER Carbon Emission Reductions CFP Community Forestry Program CHM Clearing House Mechanism CIDG Criminal Investigation and Detection Group CI Conservational International CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CLSUZP Coastal Land- and Sea-Use Zoning Plan CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan CMMO Coastal and Marine Management Office CMS Convention on Migratory Species 5 CoP Conference of the Parties CS Celebes Sea CSC Certificate of Stewardship Contract DA Department of Agriculture DAO DENR Administrative Order DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DepEd-NCR Department of Education-National Capital Region DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DO Dissolved Oxygen DOE Department of Energy DOST Department of Science and Technology DOT Department of Tourism DTI-BDT Department of Trade and Industry-Bureau of Domestic Trade EcoGov2 Environmental Governance 2 Project EBA Endemic Bird Areas EMB Environmental Management Bureau EO Executive Order ESSC Environmental Science for Social Change FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FARMC Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council FLGMA Forest Land Grazing Management Agreement FMB Forest Management Bureau FPE Foundation for the Philippine Environment FPIC Free and Prior Informed Consent FRBC Federation of River Basin Councils GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF-SGP Global Environment Facility-Small Grants Program GIAHS Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems GIMS Gilutongan Island Marine Sanctuary GM Genetically modified Grassroots Employment and Entrepreneurship Program for GREET Tourism GSPC Global Strategy for Plant Conservation GTI Global Taxonomic Initiative HIETA Hundred Island Ecotour Association HINP Hundred Islands National Park HSP Herpetological Society of the Philippines IBAs Important Bird Areas IAS Invasive alien species ICE CREAM Integrated Coastal Enhancement: Coastal Research, Evaluation and Adaptive Management for Climate Change ICM Integrated Coastal Management ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IDP Integrated Development Plan IFMA Integrated Forest Management Agreement IFMU Integrated Fisheries Management Unit IP Indigenous People 6 IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act IRMBD Integrated River Basin Management and Development ISFP Integrated Social Forestry Program ITPLA Industrial Tree Plantation Lease Agreement IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources now the World Conservation Union IWMC Iloilo Watershed Management Council KEF Kalahan Educational Foundation KANAGMALUHAN Kapunong sa Nagkahiusang Mananagat ug sa Handumon KBAs Key Biodiversity Areas KPNE Kalikasan-People’s Network for the Environment LDBE Laguna de Bay Environment LGU Local Government Unit LLDA Laguna Lake Development Authority LLWPDC Lake Lanao Watershed Protection and Development Council LULUCF Land Use, Land Use Change And Forestry MAWASCO Maragusan Water System Cooperative MBEMP Manila Bay Environmental Management Project MBEMP-MBIN Manila Bay Area Information Network MCDP Municipal Comprehensive Development Plan MDG Millenium Development Goal MeTCs Metropolitan Trial Courts MGB Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau MIAA Manila International Airport Authority MOA Memorandum of Agreement MPA Marine Protected Areas MSU Mindanao State University MTCCs Municipal Trial Courts in Cities MTPDP Medium Term Philippine Development Plan NAECTAF National Anti-Environment Crime Task Force NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority NAP National Action Plan NBF National Biosafety Framework NBI National Bureau of Investigation NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NCRPO NCR Police Office NECP National Ecotourism Certification Program NEDA National Economic Development Authority NEP National Ecotourism Program NES National Ecotourism Strategy NFRDI National Fisheries Research and Development Institute NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System NPGRL National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory NPOA National Plan of Action NPS-ENRMP National Program Support-Environment and Natural Resources Management Project 7 NPS North Philippine Sea NSAP National Stock Assessment Program NSCB National Statistical Coordination Board NSCS National Seagrass Conservation Strategy and Action Plan NSO National Statistics Office NZAID New Zealand Agency for International Development ODA Other development assistance OPMBCS Operational Plan of the Manila Bay Coastal Strategy PA Protected Area Protected Area Community-based Resource