SBK>QB SK>Q CANADA VOLUME ONE – AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY AND GOVERNANCE IN CANADA Standing Senate Committee on Fisheries and Oceans The Honourable Fabian Manning Chair The Honourable Elizabeth Hubley Deputy Chair July 2015 For more information please contact us: by email: [email protected] by phone: (613) 990-0088 toll-free: 1-800-267-7362 by mail: The Standing Senate Committee on Fisheries and Oceans Senate, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0A4 This report can be downloaded at: www.senate-senat.ca/pofo.asp The Senate of Canada is on Twitter: @SenateCA, follow the committee using the hashtag #POFO Ce rapport est également offert en français. MEMBERS Senators who participated in this study: The Honourable The Honourable Fabian Manning, Elizabeth Hubley, Chair Deputy Chair The Honourable Senators: Sandra Thomas Johnson George Baker M. Lovelace Don Meredith Jim Munson McInnis Nicholas Nancy Greene Carolyn Stewart Rose-May Poirier David M. Wells Raine Olsen Volume 1 – Aquaculture Industry and Governance in Canada i The Committee would like to recognize the following Honourable Senators who are no longer serving members of the Committee whose contribution to the study was invaluable. Tobias C. Lynn Beyak Enverga Jr. Ex-officio members of the Committee: The Honourable Senators Claude Carignan, P.C., (or Yonah Martin) and James S. Cowan (or Joan Fraser). Other Senators who have participated from time to time in this study: The Honourable Senators: Batters, Demers, Fortin-Duplessis, Lang, McIntyre, Mercer, Plett, Tannas. Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament: Odette Madore, Analyst Senate Committees Directorate: Maxwell Hollins, Clerk of the Committee Debbie Larocque, Administrative Assistant ii Volume 1 – Aquaculture Industry and Governance in Canada ORDER OF REFERENCE Extract from the Journals of the Senate, That the committee report from time to time to Monday, December 9, 2013: the Senate, but no later than June 30, 2015, and that the committee retain all powers necessary to The Honourable Senator Manning moved, publicize its findings for 180 days after the tabling seconded by the Honourable Senator Unger: of the final report. That the Standing Senate Committee on The question being put on the motion, it was Fisheries and Oceans be authorized to examine adopted. and report on the regulation of aquaculture, current challenges and future prospects for the Gary W. O’Brien industry in Canada; Clerk of the Senate That the papers and evidence received and taken and work accomplished by the committee on this subject during the First Session of the Forty-first Parliament be referred to the committee; and Volume 1 – Aquaculture Industry and Governance in Canada iii table OF Contents MEMBERS ........................................................................................................i ORDER OF REFERENCE ............................................................................... iii LIST OF acronyms ................................................................................... vii INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1: Overview of the Federal and Provincial Regulatory Framwework .............................................................................. 2 1.1 Setting the Context ..........................................................................................................................2 1.2 Federal Departments and Agencies Involved in Aquaculture ......................................................2 1.3 Federal and Provincial Collaboration .............................................................................................4 CHAPTER 2: British Columbia ...................................................................... 5 2.1 Profile of the Industry ......................................................................................................................5 2.1.1 Structure and Location .................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.1.2 Production ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Governance .......................................................................................................................................9 2.2.1 General Framework ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 2.2.2 Licence Application Process .......................................................................................................................................11 2.2.3 Monitoring, Compliance and Enforcement............................................................................................................13 CHAPTER 3: New Brunswick ...................................................................... 15 3.1 Profile of the Industry ................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.1 Structure and Location ................................................................................................................................................15 3.1.2 Production ......................................................................................................................................................................16 3.2 Governance .................................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1 General Framework ......................................................................................................................................................18 3.2.2 Lease, Permit and Licence ...........................................................................................................................................19 3.2.3 Environmental Monitoring of Marine Finfish Aquaculture ................................................................................20 3.2.4 Sea Lice ............................................................................................................................................................................21 3.2.5 Infectious Salmon Anaemia .......................................................................................................................................22 3.2.6 Containment and Recapture .....................................................................................................................................24 3.2.7 Bay Management Areas for Oyster Aquaculture ..................................................................................................25 CHAPTER 4: Newfoundland and Labrador ............................................... 26 4.1 Profile of the Industry ................................................................................................................... 26 4.1.1 Structure and Location ................................................................................................................................................26 4.1.2 Production ......................................................................................................................................................................28 4.2 Governance .................................................................................................................................... 28 4.2.1 General Framework ......................................................................................................................................................28 Volume 1 – Aquaculture Industry and Governance in Canada v 4.2.2 The Aquaculture Act .....................................................................................................................................................28 4.2.3 Lease and Licence .........................................................................................................................................................30 4.2.4 Integrated Pest Management ....................................................................................................................................31 4.2.5 Bay Management Area Policy ...................................................................................................................................32 4.2.6 Containment and Recapture .....................................................................................................................................32 4.2.7 Provincial Aquaculture Strategy ...............................................................................................................................33 CHAPTER 5: Nova Scotia ............................................................................ 36 5.1 Profile of the Industry ................................................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 Structure and Location ................................................................................................................................................36 5.1.2 Production ......................................................................................................................................................................37 5.2 Governance ...................................................................................................................................