Cambridge University Press 0521651697 - A History of Inner Asia Svat Soucek Index More information Index Abbasids, second dynasty of caliphs, 50, 62–4 Alexander the Great, 13 Abdalaziz, Toqay-Timurid khan, 177 Alexandria Eschate, a city founded by Abdallah II, Abulkhayrid-Shaybanid khan, Alexander, predecessor of Khujand, 14 150, 154, 155–8, 177 Ali, the Prophet Muhammad’s cousin, Abd al-Latif, Abulkhayrid-Shaybanid khan, brother-in-law and first imam of Shia 157 Islam, 11 Abd al-Rashid, Chaghatayid khan, 165 Alim Khan, the last emir of Bukhara, 222 Abilay, Kazakh khan of the Lesser Horde, 196 Alimjan, Hamid, Uzbek poet, 247 Abu l-Ghazi Bahadur Khan, Yadigarid- Almaty or Alma-Ata, former capital of Shaybanid khan, 183–6 Kazakhstan, 22, 23, 27 Abulkhayr, Shaybanid khan, 144–5, 174 Alp Arslan, Seljukid sultan, victor over the Abulkhayrid Shaybanids see Shaybanids Byzantine emperor, 95 Abu Muslim, organizer of the “Abbasid Altai, a mountain range in southen Siberia revolution” in Khurasan, 63–5 and Mongolia, 2, 18, 22 Abu Said, Timurid ruler, Samarkand, 136–7, Altan Khan, Genghisid khan in Mongolia, 141 167–8 Afaqiya see Aqtaghliq Altishahr, 16–17, 165, 204 “Afghan Finger,” 13 Amir al-muminin, 180 Agzybirlik, Turkmen political party, 305 Amu Darya, largest river in Central Asia, 4–9, Ahrar, Khwaja Ubaydallah, Naqshbandi 12, 182; also known as Oxus and shaykh, 140–1; Ahrari lodge in Jayhun Samarkand, 156–8 Amursana, 172–3 Aitmatov, Chingiz, Kyrgyz writer, 45, 239–40, Angara, river-outflow from Lake Baikal, 22 244; Aitmatov, Torekul, his father, 240 anthems, national, 249–51 Akaev, Askar, president of Kyrgyzstan, 281, Aq süyek (“White bone”), Qara süyek (“Black 306 bone”), terms for the upper and lower Akbar, Mughal emperor, 152, 155 strata of pre-modern Kazakh society, 196 Akmeshit or Aq Meshit, a town on the lower Aqtaghliq (“White Mountain” or Afaqiya), Syr Darya, 27, 190, 198 Qarataghliq (“Black Mountain” or Akmolinsk, Aqmola, a city in northern Ishaqiya), two dervish dynasties ruling Kazakhstan, now the republic’s capital as southern Sinkiang, 160, 173, 329–30 Astana, 285–6 Arab conquest of Central Asia, 56–62; victory Aksu, a town in southern Sinkiang on the Silk over the Chinese, 67–9 Road, 165 Arab Muhammad I, Yadigarid-Shaybanid Aktogay, a railroad junction in Kazakhstan, 22 khan of Khiva, 183 Ala al-Din Muhammad Khwarazmshah, 100 Aral Sea, viii, 3, 8, 6–9, 27, 293 Alai, a mountain range in Kyrgyzstan, 12 Ashgabat or Ashkhabad, capital of Alash Orda, a Kazakh political movement, 215 Turkmenistan, viii, 10 Alatoo or Ala Too, a mountain range in Astana, capital of Kazakhstan, 285–6; northern Kyrgyzstan and south-eastern previously known as Aqmola (Kazakh) or Kazakhstan, 15 Akmolinsk (Russian) © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521651697 - A History of Inner Asia Svat Soucek Index More information Index 361 Auliye-Ata, a town in south-eastern Binkath, early name of the region around Kazakhstan, now called Jambul, 24 Tashkent, 25 Ayni, Sadriddin, Tajik writer and public Birlik, Uzbek political movement, 304 figure, 240–6, 345 Bishbalik, northern capital of the Uighur Ayuka, Torghut Kalmyk khan on the lower kingdom of Qocho, 17; Peiting in Volga, 175 Chinese Azat, Kazakh political party, 305 Bishkek, capital of Kyrgyzstan, 24; called Frunze in the Soviet period Baatur Khungtaiji, 170, 173 Buddhism, 23, 39–40 Babur, Zahir al-Din, Timurid ruler of Fergana Bükey’s Horde, 197 and founder of the Mughal empire, 116, Bukhara, 4; capital of the Samanids, 171; 147, 151–3 “Bukhara-i Sharif,” 178; Emirate of, 180; Baburname, autobiography of Babur, 151–3, People’s Republic of, 221 355 Bukhari, author of the Sahih,71 Badakhshan, 12–13; see also Gorno- Bulghar, a Turkic people and their realm on Badakhshan the middle Volga, 9 Baikal, a lake in southern Siberia, 20 Buriat Autonomous Republic or Buriatia, viii, Baikonur, a site in Kazakhstan, base of xi, 21 Russia’s space program, 27, 286 Burkan Kaldun, a sacred mountain in the Bakharzi, Sayf al-Din, Kubravi shaykh and Hentei range in Mongolia, 19 founder of the lodge at Fathabad, 117–19 Byzantium, 46 Baku Commissars, or 26 Baku Commissars, Bolsheviks martyred on Turkmen soil, Caspian Sea, viii, 2 312 Catherine the Great, empress of Russia, 196, Balasaghun, a site in northern Kyrgyzstan, 200 one of the four Qarakhanid cities, 24 census, 231 Balkh, a city in northern Afghanistan, Central Asia: concept of, xi–xii; centrality of, successor of ancient Bactra, 12, 155 as an asset or liability, 288–9 Balkhan, Greater and Lesser, mountains in Chaghatay, Genghis Khan’s second son, western Turkmenistan, 7 founder of the line of the Chaghatayids, Balkhash, a lake in south-eastern Kazakhstan, 112–13 22 Chaghatay gurungi, 238 Barak or Baraq Khan madrasa in Tashkent, Chaghatayids, 117–22, 159–69, 321–2 one of the two functioning Islamic Changan, eastern terminus of the Silk Road, seminaries under Soviet rule, 230 capital of Tang China 2, 52 Barchuq, Uighur ruler of Qocho, 81, 120–2 Char Bakr, Juybari-Naqshbandi lodge at Barskaun or Barskoon, way-station on the Silk Sumitan near Bukhara, 178 Road in northern Kyrgyzstan, 25 Chernyaev, M.G., commander of Tsarist Barthold, W., 343, 345 troops that stormed Tashkent, 198 Bashkiria, Bashkir Autonomous Republic, Chevron Oil Company, 287 Bashqurtistan, viii, xi, 28 Chinese Turkestan see Sinkiang Batu, a grandson of Genghis Khan, founder Ching or Manchu, last dynasty to rule China, of the Golden Horde, 109 20 Batuids, 322–3; see also Golden Horde Choibalsan, second president of Mongolia, Bayqara, Husayn, 162 298 Bekovich-Cherkasskiy, commander of an Chokay, Mustafa, 210 expedition sent by Peter the Great to Cholpan, Uzbek poet, martyred by the Khiva, 186, 197 Bolsheviks, 234 Berke, Batu’s brother and successor, 117 Christianity, 23, 49 Bih-Afarid, leader of a religious sect and Chu, river in northern Kyrgyzstan and uprising against the Arabs, 64 southern Kazakhstan, 24 Bihzad, Timurid painter, 135–6 CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), Bilad al-Turk, “Land of the Turks,” early Arab 275 name for Central Asia beyond collectivization, 236, 300 Transoxania, 14, 25 Communist Party, 228–9, 283 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521651697 - A History of Inner Asia Svat Soucek Index More information 362 Index constitution, Soviet, 283 French North Africa, compared with Russian cotton, 8, 235, 252 Central Asia, 200, 284 Frunze (city), name of Bishkek under Soviet Dahbid or Dahpid, shrine of the Naqshbandi rule, 24, 233–4 shaykh Khwaja Ahmad Kasani near Samarkand, 159 Galdan, khan of Jungaria, 170–1 Dalai-lama, 168–9 Galdan Tsereng, khan of Jungaria, 172 Dandanqan, site of Seljukid victory over the Gandan, Buddhist monastery in Ulaanbaatar, Ghaznavids, 93 299 Dari, term for Farsi (Persian) in its formative Garmo, a mountain in Tajikistan, as “Pik stage, 32, 74 Kommunizma” the highest mountain of darugha, darughachi, Mongol term for governor the former Soviet empire, 15 or tax-collector, 113 gas, natural, 286–7, 293 Dasht-i Kipchak, 2, 28, 161 Gaspirali, Ismail Beg or Gasprinskiy, 207 Dayan Khan, Chenghisid khan in Mongolia, Genghis Khan, 7, 19, 104–5 167 Genghisids, 320 desert, 1, 14–15 ghazi, Muslims fighting the jihad (holy war), 25 Dimitriy Donskoy, prince of Moscow, victor Ghaznavids, 96–8, 318 over the Mongols, 121 Gijduvani, Abd al-Khaliq, a sufi shaykh, 138 Directorate of Muslims of Central Asia and Girey, a Genghisid prince, with Janibeg laid Kazakhstan, 230 the foundations of the Kazakh Diwan lughat al-Turk, 87–91 nationality,146 dobrovolnoe prisoedinenie, “voluntary unification glasnost, “openness,” freedom of expression [with Russia],” doctrine of, 284–5 introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev, 8, Dolon Nor, site of Mongol acceptance of 259, 303, 311 Manchu suzerainty, 171 Gobi, 2, 16, 18, 20 Donish, Ahmad, Bukharan scholar and civil Gök-tepe, southern Turkmenistan, site of two servant, 241 memorable battles between the Dukchi Ishon, leader of a native uprising Turkmens and Tsarist troops, 312 against Tsarist rule, 207 Golden Horde, 28, 322–3 ; see also Batuids; Dushanbe, capital of Tajikistan, 12; called Dasht-i Kipchak Stalinabad between 1936 and 1961 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 253, 256–7, 260, 303–4 Gorno-Altai Autonomous Region, x, xi, 21; Eastern Turkestan see Sinkiang Gorno-Altaisk, the capital Elista, capital of Kalmykia, viii, xi goskhoz, Mongol version of the sovkhoz (state Erdeniz Zu, Buddhist monastery at farm), 300 Qaraqorum, 19, 299 Great Seljuks see Seljukids Erk, Uzbek political party, 304 Grousset, René, 3, 343, 349 Esen Buqa II, Chaghatayid ruler of Gunt, a river in Badakhshan, 13 Moghulistan, 141 Güyük, Genghis Khan’s grandson and second successor, 109 Farab, a site near the Syr Darya, birthplace of al-Farabi, 25 Hafiz-i Tanish Bukhari, author of Abdallah Farabi, an Islamic philosopher and philologist, II’s biography Sharafname-i Shahi, 178 25 Hami or Qomul, a city in southern Sinkiang Fathabad, a Kubraviya dervish lodge near on the Silk Road, 2, 16, 52, 165 Bukhara, 119 Hamzaabad, Uzbek enclave in southern Fayzabad, administrative center of Afghan Kyrgyzstan, site of a Muslim and Badakhshan, 13 Bolshevik shrine, 247 Fergana, 9–10 Han (ethnic Chinese), 274 Firuzkuh, mountains in northern Afghanistan, Hangai, mountains in Mongolia, 1, 18 10 Haydar Mirza, author of the Tarikh-i Rashidi, Fitrat, Abdarrauf, Bukharan and Uzbek 116, 161 author, scholar, and public figure, 206, Hazrat-i Turkistan, nickname of Khwaja 222 Ahmad Yasavi, 26 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org