RESEARCH REPORT NO VAL34-012344 30.09.02 Statistical Analyses of the Baltic Maritime Traffic Customer: Finnish Environment Institute Ministry of Traffic and Communications VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS 1 (152) Public X Registered in VTT publications register JURE Confidential until / permanently Internal use only Title Statistical Analyses of the Baltic Maritime Traffic Customer or financing body and order date/No. Research report No. Finnish Environment Institute and Ministry of Traffic and VAL34-012344 Communications Project Project No. SEASTAT-1 V1SU00072 Author(s) No. of pages/appendices Jorma Rytkönen, Liisa Siitonen, Timo Riipi, Jukka Sassi, 110 /44 Juhani Sukselainen Keywords Baltic sea, oil transportation, maritime traffic, port development Summary The Baltic Sea, the largest brackish body of water in the world, has always been an important sea route connecting the Nordic countries and Russia to continental Europe. Surrounded by nine countries, it also has some of the densest maritime traffic in the world. In addition, the Baltic Sea has proved to be an important inter-modal link between various logistical chains, and moreover, a link to Russia. The Baltic Sea has also served a crucial role as a route for the gas pipeline from Russia to Europe. During recent decades, there has been a significant increase in maritime traffic, specifically in container vessel traffic throughout the world. The traffic in the Baltic area has not only increased, but the nature of the traffic has also changed rapidly. Today, many of the shipping routes consist of frequent traffic, where fast ships are running between seaports on a fixed timetable. There are also certain routes that have dense passenger traffic, e.g., Helsinki–Stockholm and Helsinki–Tallinn. Perhaps the most interesting development, however, has been the rapid development of Baltic and Russian seaports: old ports have been rehabilitated, new terminals and berths are under construction. One tendency has been the increase of oil transportation, especially in the Gulf of Finland (GOF). This report contains an analysis of the current maritime traffic of the Baltic Sea. A special attention is focused on the oil transportation and the forecast of the future development. The main ports and their basic development plans are also presented. The work was funded by the Finnish Environment Institute and the Finnish Ministry of Transport and Communications. Date Espoo 24 September, 2002 Harri Soininen Jorma Rytkönen Research Manager Research Scientist/Senior R. S. Checked Distribution (customers and VTT): Finnish Environment Institute 5 copies; Ministry of Traffic and Communications 5 copies; Maritime Administration 2 copies; VTT 5 copies. file: balticstatfinal2002.doc The use of the name of VTT in advertising, or publication of this report in part is allowed only by written permission from VTT. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS Tekniikantie 12, Espoo Tel. +358 9 4561 [email protected] P.O. Box 1705, FIN-02044 VTT Fax +358 9 455 0619 www.vtt.fi/tuo FINLAND Business ID 0244679-4 2 (152) Table of contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................5 2 Maritime transportation of the Baltic Sea .............................................................6 2.1 General .....................................................................................................................6 2.2 On the transport modes............................................................................................. 8 2.3 Transportation figures ............................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 Existing and Future Traffic of the Gulf of Finland ...............................................9 2.3.2 Overview on the Baltic Sea traffic ....................................................................10 2.3.3 Danish Straits and Kiel Canal...........................................................................14 2.3.4 Cargo turnover in harbors ................................................................................14 2.3.5 Oil handling ......................................................................................................15 2.4 Corridor development.............................................................................................. 16 2.5 Tanker fleet ............................................................................................................. 18 2.5.1 Summary of the analyzed data.........................................................................19 3 Main Ports in the Baltic area ................................................................................20 3.1 Finland .................................................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 Port of Helsinki .................................................................................................20 3.1.2 Sköldvik............................................................................................................21 3.1.3 Port of Turku ....................................................................................................21 3.1.4 Naantali ............................................................................................................21 3.1.5 Kotka and Hamina............................................................................................21 3.1.6 Raahe...............................................................................................................22 3.1.7 Shipping statistics.............................................................................................22 3.2 Russia ..................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.1 General ............................................................................................................24 3.2.2 St. Petersburg Sea Port ...................................................................................24 3.2.3 Kaliningrad .......................................................................................................28 3.2.4 Other Russian ports in the Gulf of Finland area ...............................................28 3.3 Estonia .................................................................................................................... 29 3.3.1 The development of the Port of Tallinn.............................................................30 3.4 Latvia.......................................................................................................................34 3.4.1 General ............................................................................................................34 3.4.2 Ventspils...........................................................................................................35 3.4.2.1 Dry cargo terminals.............................................................................................................37 3.4.3 Riga..................................................................................................................37 3.4.4 Port of Liepaja ..................................................................................................37 3.5 Lithuania.................................................................................................................. 38 3.5.1 General ............................................................................................................38 3 (152) 3.5.2 Port of Klaipeda................................................................................................38 3.6 Poland ..................................................................................................................... 41 3.6.1 Gdansk.............................................................................................................42 3.6.2 Gdynia..............................................................................................................43 3.6.3 Swinoujscie ......................................................................................................46 3.6.4 Port of Szczesin ...............................................................................................47 3.7 Germany ................................................................................................................. 47 3.7.1 Lübeck - Travemunde ......................................................................................48 3.7.2 Hamburg ..........................................................................................................49 3.7.3 Rostock ............................................................................................................49 3.7.4 Other ports .......................................................................................................49 3.8 Denmark.................................................................................................................. 50 3.8.1 The Danish ports..............................................................................................51 3.8.2 Cargo transport at Danish ports .......................................................................52 3.8.3 Exports, imports, and national transport...........................................................54 3.8.4 Aabenraa Port ..................................................................................................54